尿石素A抗癌作用及其机制研究进展

尿石素A是天然药物鞣花鞣质在体内经肠道菌群多级代谢后产生的物质,研究表明其具有很好的抗肿瘤活性,因此,针对国内外关于尿石素A对膀胱癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、白血病、前列腺癌、结直肠癌等多种癌症的抗癌活性研究进行综述,可为尿石素A作为潜在抗癌药的临床研究提供参考。

瘦素的生物学作用及其相关机制研究进展

瘦素(leptin)是一种由白色脂肪细胞分泌的激素,作为脂肪组织和中枢神经系统网络联系的外周信号,影响人体的摄食、能量平衡、内分泌和免疫功能等。通过分析总结瘦素及其受体(leptin receptor,LEPR)分子结构和细胞内分布,对其在调节脂代谢、炎症与免疫、创伤愈合及肿瘤发展等方面的研究进展进行综述。

淫羊藿素的药理作用及分子机制研究进展

淫羊藿素(icaritin)是中国传统中草药淫羊藿(Epimedium)的单体有效成分,具有免疫调节、心血管保护、骨保护、抗氧化等广泛的药理学活性,同时,淫羊藿素通过阻滞细胞周期、促进凋亡、抑制转移、免疫调节等多种途径对不同肿瘤均有抑制作用。综述有关淫羊藿素的化学成分及国内外在抗肿瘤和非抗肿瘤药理作用的最新研究进展,为淫羊藿素进一步开发和临床精准应用提供理论依据。

S波段YIG调谐限幅滤波器设计

依据YIG调谐限幅滤波器的工作原理,设计了一款S波段限幅滤波器。对滤波器进行了连续波限幅特性和抗烧毁功率测试,在S波段下,滤波器的限幅电平大于5 dBm,常温下最大为8 dBm;连续波输入情况下,滤波器的限幅输出功率小于10 dBm,为6.5 dBm;滤波器的抗烧毁功率大于50 W连续波,当脉冲输入峰值功率从2 W到200 W范围内变化时,滤波器的输出脉冲峰值功率被限制在18.5 dBm内,起到了很好的限幅滤波作用。试验证明设计的S波段YIG限幅滤波器不仅宽频段可调,具有良好的滤波特性,对高功率输入信号限幅输出,用于接收系统前端可有效保护后续电路的安全。

低副瓣微带天线设计

针对传统低副瓣天线工作带宽窄的问题,设计了一种应用于低副瓣天线阵列设计的新型宽带微带天线单元。通过采用H型槽耦合馈电方法,天线单元工作带宽达到11%以上。同时,为实现天线阵列的宽频带工作特性,对宽带馈电网络进行了专门设计。馈电网络采用串、并结合的馈电方式,利用阻抗变换节实现所需要的天线单元馈电幅相分布。基于所设计的天线单元和馈电网络,设计了一种基于道尔夫-切比雪夫电流分布的C波段微带天线阵,并对天线进行了加工、测试。测试结果表明,所设计的天线具有低副瓣、窄波束、高增益的特性,天线的旁瓣电平抑制大于20 dB。

跨越译著的“门槛”——副文本视域下《西游记》在西语世界的译介

《西游记》是我国的经典文学作品之一,其5个西班牙语译本为中西翻译研究提供了大量语料,各译本的副文本提供了译文以外丰富的补充信息。本文首先介绍了《西游记》各西班牙语译本的版本及副文本信息,进而对各译本的副文本所包含的标题、出版社信息、献词、序言、插图、注释、宣传内容等信息进行对比和归纳,总结出西语各译本副文本之特点与功能:对原著的评论以及推介,对译本的解析以及背景信息的补充,体现翻译策略、规范和彰显译者主体性,以及塑造译本形象等。通过对《西游记》西语译本副文本的研究,可以管窥其在西语世界的译介情况,为中国经典文学“走出去”提供参考。

面向“00后”金工实训流程优化研究

传统的金工实训课程因教学形式、教学手段、教学内容面对“00后”学生遇到了前所未有的挑战。基于此,以南京工业大学金工实训中心实训学生为研究对象,分析了“00后”较为显著的性格特点的成因以及相关性格对当前金工实训课程教学效果的影响,并针对相关性格提出了课程调整方案。以金工实训中的“平面外圆的车削加工”一课为例,提出了课程每个阶段的调整方案。

脱抑制及视功能训练治疗屈光参差性弱视的临床疗效

目的:探讨脱抑制及视功能训练治疗屈光参差性弱视患儿的临床疗效。方法:前瞻性病例对照研究。83例屈光参差性弱视患儿纳入本研究,所有患儿均为单眼弱视,随机分为训练组(44例44眼)和对照组(39例39眼)。所有患儿常规配镜,定量遮盖,均采用家庭+诊室训练相结合的方法。对照组训练内容为:弱视训练仪(光刷、红闪、光栅等)及电脑软件精细+刺激训练。训练组除完成对照组训练项目以外,当患儿弱视眼矫正视力已经提高到0. 6以上后进行单眼调节功能训练、脱抑制训练、双眼调节功能训练及双眼集合、融像功能训练。随访6mo后,对两组的视力疗效及远近立体视功能检查结果进行比较及统计学分析。结果:训练组与对照组相比,两个组间视力改善的总有效率差异无统计学意义,但是两个组间整体的视力疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),加入脱抑制及视功能训练后训练组远、近立体视功能改善的人数明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论:弱视治疗中加入脱抑制训练及双眼视功能训练后,能够增强弱视眼的竞争力,消除抑制,不但能提高视力,还能建立良好的视功能。

孕周相关外周血血小板参数参考区间调查

目的:了解妊娠妇女不同孕期外周血血小板计数(PLT)、未成熟血小板分数(IPF)、未成熟血小板绝对值(IPF#)、高荧光强度未成熟血小板分数(H-IPF)和血小板平均侧向荧光强度(PLT-X)的变化,并调查各参数参考区间。方法:收集2016年10月至2018年10月不同孕期妇女(妊娠组)1 272例,分为早期妊娠组(≤12周)348例,中期妊娠组(13~27周)369例和晚期妊娠组(≥28周)555例,中晚期妊娠组共924例;收集健康未妊娠妇女(对照组)200例;同时收集同期重度子痫前期妇女(重度子痫前期组)88例和妊娠期糖尿病妇女(妊娠期糖尿病组)100例。应用SYSMEX XE-5000全自动血细胞分析仪定量检测各组的外周血PLT、IPF、IPF#、H-IPF和PLT-X,并采用95%CI建立孕周相关各参数的参考区间。结果:妊娠组的PLT低于对照组(P<0.05);而IPF、IPF#、H-IPF和PLT-X高于对照组(P<0.05)。早期、中期和晚期妊娠组的IPF、IPF#和PLT-X均随着孕周的增加而升高(P<0.05);早期和中期妊娠组的PLT、H-IPF比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但与晚期妊娠组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度子痫前期组和妊娠期糖尿病组的PLT低于中晚期妊娠组(P<0.05);而IPF、IPF#、H-IPF和PLT-X高于中晚期妊娠组(P<0.05)。结论:血小板相关参数随妊娠妇女孕期的发展发生不同程度的变化,孕周相关外周血血小板参数参考区间的建立可以为评估妊娠期病理状态奠定基础。

土壤熏蒸剂氯化苦研究进展

土壤熏蒸剂可有效防治土传病虫害,但溴甲烷由于对臭氧层可产生破坏,在农业上已被禁用。作为溴甲烷的替代品,氯化苦成为近年来应用较广的土壤熏蒸剂。本文对氯化苦的发展历史、施用作物、制剂类型以及应用进行了阐述,并对当前氯化苦新剂型的开发研究与现场施用作以探讨。

Tectonic evolution of the Dabashan orocline, central China: Insights from the superposed folds in the eastern Dabashan foreland

The Dabashan orocline is situated in the northwestern margin of the central Yangtze block,central China.Previous studies have defined the orthogonal superposed folds growing in its central-western segment thereby confirming its two-stage tectonic evolution history.Geological mapping has revealed that more types of superposed folds have developed in the eastern segment of the orocline,which probably provides more clues for probing the structure and tectonic history of the Dabashan orocline.In this paper,based on geological mapping,structural measurements and analyses of deformation,we have identified three groups of folds with different trends （e.g.NW-,NE-and nearly E-trending folds） and three types of structural patterns of superposed folds in the eastern Dabashan foreland （e.g.syn-axial,oblique,and conjunctional superposed folds）.In combination with geochronological data,we propose that the synaxial superposed folds are due to two stages of ～N-S shortening in the west and north of the Shennongjia massif,and that oblique superposed folds have been resulted from the superposition of the NW-and NE-trending folds onto the early ～ E-W folds in the east of the Shennongjia massif in the late Jurassic to early Cretaceous.The conjunctional folds are composed of the NW-and NE-trending folds,corresponding to the regional-scale dual-orocline in the eastern Sichuan as a result of the southwestward expansion of the Dabashan foreland during late Jurassic to early Cretaceous,coeval with the northwestward propagation of the Xuefengshan foreland.Integration of the structure and geochronology of the belt shows that the Dabashan orocline is a combined deformation belt primarily experiencing a twostage tectonic evolution history in Mesozoic,initiation of the Dabashan orocline as a foreland basin along the front of the Qinling orogen in late Triassic to early Jurassic due to collisional orogeny,and the final formation of the Dabashan orocline owing to the southwestward propagation of the Qinling orogen during late Jurassic to early Cretaceous intra-continental orogeny.Our studies provide some evidences for understanding the structure and deformation of the Dabashan orocline.

Doping effect of cations(Zr^(4+),Al^(3+),and Si^(4+)) on MnO_x/CeO_2 nano-rod catalyst for NH_3-SCR reaction at low temperature

Thermally stable Zr4+, Al3+, and Si4+ cations were incorporated into the lattice of CeO2 nano‐rods (i.e., CeO2‐NR) in order to improve the specific surface area. The undoped and Zr4+, Al3+, and Si4+ doped nano‐rods were used as supports to prepare MnOx/CeO2‐NR, MnOx/CZ‐NR, MnOx/CA‐NR, and MnOx/CS‐NR catalysts, respectively. The prepared supports and catalysts were comprehensively characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high‐resolution TEM, X‐ray diffraction, Raman and N2‐physisorption analyses, hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction, ammonia temperature‐programmed desorption, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier‐transform spectroscopic analysis of the NH3 adsorption, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, the catalytic performance and H2O+SO2 tolerance of these samples were evaluated through NH3‐selective catalytic reduction (NH3‐SCR) in the absence or presence of H2O and SO2. The obtained results show that the MnOx/CS‐NR catalyst exhibits the highest NOx conversion and the lowest N2O concentration, which result from the largest number of oxygen vacancies and acid sites, the highest Mn4+ content, and the lowest redox ability. The MnOx/CS‐NR catalyst also presents excellent resistance to H2O and SO2. All of these phenomena suggest that Si4+ is the optimal dopant for the MnOx/CeO2‐NR catalyst.

Highly efficient Rh(Ⅰ)/tris-H_8-binaphthyl monophosphite catalysts for hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene to dialdehydes

Novel catalytic systems for the Rh‐catalyzed hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene have been developed using tris‐H8‐binaphthyl monophosphite as ligands containing different ester substituents at the 2’‐binaphthyl position(OCOMe,OCOPh,OCOAdamantyl and OCOPhCl).The catalysts exhibited high activity(S/C=4000,TON=3286)with good to excellent selectivity towards dialdehydes.Remarkably,the Rh(I)complex bearing the ligands with chlorophenyl ester substituents led to 99.9%conversion and 98.7%selectivity for dialdehydes under relatively mild conditions(6 MPa,120°C).

Thyroid disruption by technical decabromodiphenyl ether (DE-83R) at low concentrations in Xenopus laevis

Decabromodiphenyl ether （decaBDE）,as a flame retardant,is widely produced and used.To study the thyroid disruption by technical decaBDE at low concentrations,Xenopus laevis tadpoles were exposed to technical decaBDE mixture DE-83R （1-1000 ng/L） in water from stage 46/47 （free swimming larvae,system of Nieuwkoop and Faber） to stage 62.DE-83R at concentration of 1000 ng/L significantly delayed the time to metamorphosis （presented by forelimb emergence,FLE）.Histological examination showed that DE83R at all tested concentrations caused histological alterations-multilayer follicular epithelial cell and markedly increased follicle size accompanied by partial colloid depletion and increase in the peripheral colloid vacuolation,in thyroid glands.All tested concentrations of DE-83R also induced a down-regulation of thyroid receptor mRNA expression.These results demonstrated that technical decaBDE disrupted the thyroid system in X.laevis tadpoles.Analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） （sum of 39 congeners） in X.laevis indicated that mean concentrations of total PBDEs in X.laevis exposed to 1,10,100,1000 ng/L were 11.0,128.1,412.1,1400.2 ng/g wet weight,respectively.Considering that PBDEs burden of X.laevis tadpoles was close to PBDEs levels in amphibians as reported in previous studies,our study has raised new concerns for thyroid disruption in amphibians of technical decaBDE at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Highly efficientγ-ray generation by 10 PW-class lasers irradiating heavy-ion plasmas

10 PW-class lasers irradiating overcritical plasmas in the quantum electrodynamics regime promise to generate ultrabrightγ-ray sources in the laboratory.Here using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations,we report highly efficientγ-ray generation in the parameter regime of 10 PW-class lasers at an intensity level of 10^(23)W cm^(–2)interaction with heavy-ion plasmas which have large-scale preplasmas.The laser-to-γ-ray(>1 MeV)energy conversion efficiency reaches close to 60%with an above 10^(14)γ-photons/pulse.The averageγ-photon energy is about 14 MeV with the highest photon energy exceeding 1 GeV.The high-energyγ-photons are mainly directed in the forward direction.We also find that plane target geometry is efficient enough for high powerγ-ray radiation,which is beneficial for easing the difficulty of complex target manufacturing and alignment in experiments.

“他者”的困境与“自我”的突围——形象学视域下《西游记》女妖形象的西译研究

本文基于自制的《西游记》中文-西班牙语平行语料库(CCVAO),通过研究西语译本中对女妖名称和称谓、言行举止以及外貌描绘的翻译,我们发现译本所呈现出的女妖形象在社会规制的压制与自由意志的表达这两者搭建的坐标轴系统中与原作中的形象定位发生了偏离。这些女性艺术形象经过译者的加工塑造,从作者笔下的“他者”转变成了带有译者“自我”投射的“创造性想像物”。研究这一创造性加工的动因以及过程,可以帮助我们了解译本背后不同文化和思想形态的差异性,为跨文化交流提供一些参照。

Establishment of a rat model of severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Background:Severe intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is the most devastating subtype of stroke resulting in high mortality and disability.At present,the development of targeted treatments to minimize the high morbidity and mortality is limited partly due to the lack of a severe ICH animal model.In this study,we aimed to establish an accurate severe ICH model in rats and examine the pathological and physiological changes associated with ICH.Methods:A rat model of severe ICH model was established by intrastriatal injection of autologous blood using different blood volumes(ICH 100μL group,ICH 130μL group,ICH 160μL group,ICH 170μL group,and ICH 180μL group).The mortality was assessed during the 28-day post-ICH period.Short-and long-term neurological deficits were evaluated using the Longa method,foot fault,falling latency,and Morris water maze tests.Brain water content,hematoma volume,hemoglobin content,and magnetic resonance imaging were assessed to determine the extent of brain injury.Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to examine microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,lung water content,and western blotting were used to assess lung injury following ICH.Results:The mortality of ICH rats increased significantly with an increase in autologous blood injection.The 28-day mortality in the 100μL,130μL,160μL,170μL,and 180μL ICH groups were 5%,20%,40%,75%,and 100%,respectively.A significantly higher 28-day mortality was observed in the ICH 160μL group compared to the ICH 100μL group.The ICH 160μL group exhibited significantly increased neurological deficits,brain edema,hematoma volume,and hemoglobin content compared to the sham group.Compared with the sham operation group,the activation of microglia and neuronal death in ICH 160μL rats increased.The use of H&E staining and western blotting demonstrated that disruption of the intra-alveolar structure,alveolar edema,and infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokines into the lung tissue were more severe in the ICH 160μL group than the sham group.Conclusions:A severe ICH model in rats was successfully established using an injection of autologous blood at a volume of 160μL.This model may provide a valuable tool to examine the pathological mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions of severe ICH.

Harnessing the potential of hydrogels for advanced therapeutic applications: current achievements and future directions

The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile,highly tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies.In this review,we cover the major achievements and the potential of hydrogels in therapeutic applications,focusing primarily on two areas:emerging cell-based therapies and promising non-cell therapeutic modalities.Within the context of cell therapy,we discuss the capacity of hydrogels to overcome the existing translational challenges faced by mainstream cell therapy paradigms,provide a detailed discussion on the advantages and principal design considerations of hydrogels for boosting the efficacy of cell therapy,as well as list specific examples of their applications in different disease scenarios.We then explore the potential of hydrogels in drug delivery,physical intervention therapies,and other non-cell therapeutic areas(e.g.,bioadhesives,artificial tissues,and biosensors),emphasizing their utility beyond mere delivery vehicles.Additionally,we complement our discussion on the latest progress and challenges in the clinical application of hydrogels and outline future research directions,particularly in terms of integration with advanced biomanufacturing technologies.This review aims to present a comprehensive view and critical insights into the design and selection of hydrogels for both cell therapy and noncell therapies,tailored to meet the therapeutic requirements of diverse diseases and situations.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in chicken tissues and eggs from an electronic waste recycling area in southeast China

The levels and distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） in chicken tissues from an electronic waste （e-waste） recycling area in southeast China were investigated. Human dietary intake by local residents via chicken muscle and eggs was estimated. The mean PBDEs concentrations in tissues ranged from 15.2 to 3138.1 ng/g lipid weight （lw） and in egg the concentration was 563.5 ng/g lw. The results showed that the level of total PBDEs （∑PBDEs） in the chicken tissue was 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than those reported in the literature. The large difference of ∑PBDEs concentrations between tissues confirmed that the distribution of PBDEs in tissues depend on tissue-specificity rather than the ＂lipid-compartment＂. BDE-209 was the predominant congener （82.5%- 94.7% of ∑PBDEs） in all chicken tissues except in brain （34.7% of ∑PBDEs）, which indicated that deca-BDE （the major commercial PBDE formulation comprising 65%-70% of total production） was major pollution source in this area and could be bioaccumulated in terrestrial animals. The dietary PBDEs intake of the local residents from chicken muscle and egg, assuming only local bred chickens and eggs were consumed, ranged from 2.2 to 22.5 ng/（day.kg body weight （bw）） with a mean value of 13.5 ng/（day-kg bw）, which was one order of magnitude higher than the value reported in previous studies for consumption of all foodstuffs.

Recent advances in the study of sepsis-induced depression

Progress in medicine such as the use of anti-infective drugs and development of the advanced life support equipment has greatly improved the survival rate of patients with sepsis.However,the incidence of sepsis-relateddiseases is increasing.These include severe neurologic and psychologic disorders,cognitive decline,anxiety,depression,and post-traumatic stress disorder.Cerebral dysfunction occurs via multiple interacting mechanisms,with different causative pathogens having distinct effects.Because sepsis-related diseases place a substantial burden on patients and their families,it is important to elucidate the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms todevelop effective treatments.