The Chantecler chicken,a unique Canadian indigenous breed,is well adapted to extremely cold environments.However,its genetic characteristics have not been well studied.Here,we analyzed the whole genomes of 10 Chantecl...The Chantecler chicken,a unique Canadian indigenous breed,is well adapted to extremely cold environments.However,its genetic characteristics have not been well studied.Here,we analyzed the whole genomes of 10 Chantecler chickens and 121 worldwide chickens,which indicated that Chantecler chickens were derived from commercial chickens and exhibit a high level of inbreeding.Based on a genome-wide scan,we identified two vital candidate regions containing ME3 and ZNF536,which are related to fat metabolism and nervous system in cold adaptation,respectively.We also found that the genetic mechanism of cold adaptation in Chantecler chickens differed from that of chickens from other cold regions,such as northern China.Our study indicated that specialized commercial chickens in the early 20th century contained sufficient genetic diversity to adapt to extreme cold environments over a very short time.These findings enrich our understanding of the adaptive potential of commercial species.展开更多
A reference genome assembled from a single individual cannot capture the complex population level of polymorphism,especially for genetically divergent or admixed populations(Sherman et al.,2019).A complete genome data...A reference genome assembled from a single individual cannot capture the complex population level of polymorphism,especially for genetically divergent or admixed populations(Sherman et al.,2019).A complete genome data representative of a species rather than one individual,termed as pan-genome,can recover the genomic diversity and variations that are absent in the reference genome.展开更多
This paper concentrates on developing a missile terminal guidance law against a highly maneuvering target whose maneuvering acceleration is very close to that of the missile or even exceeds the missile normal accelera...This paper concentrates on developing a missile terminal guidance law against a highly maneuvering target whose maneuvering acceleration is very close to that of the missile or even exceeds the missile normal acceleration in a finite period of time.A new saturated super-twisting algorithm is proposed and applied to the design of missile guidance law.The proposed algorithm has the advantages of simple structure,easy parameter tuning rules and a full utilization of the limit control input.The designed saturated super-twisting sliding mode guidance law is then employed in a missile guidance system.Simulation and its superior performance against strong maneuvering targets is demonstrated.展开更多
Dear Editor,As one of the oldest domesticated livestock, pigs were independently domesticated in the Near East and East Asia,approximately 10,000 years ago (Larson et al., 2010).
基金The study was supported by the James McGill Professorship(to X.Z.)and National Natural Science Foundation of China(31822052 to Y.J.)。
文摘The Chantecler chicken,a unique Canadian indigenous breed,is well adapted to extremely cold environments.However,its genetic characteristics have not been well studied.Here,we analyzed the whole genomes of 10 Chantecler chickens and 121 worldwide chickens,which indicated that Chantecler chickens were derived from commercial chickens and exhibit a high level of inbreeding.Based on a genome-wide scan,we identified two vital candidate regions containing ME3 and ZNF536,which are related to fat metabolism and nervous system in cold adaptation,respectively.We also found that the genetic mechanism of cold adaptation in Chantecler chickens differed from that of chickens from other cold regions,such as northern China.Our study indicated that specialized commercial chickens in the early 20th century contained sufficient genetic diversity to adapt to extreme cold environments over a very short time.These findings enrich our understanding of the adaptive potential of commercial species.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31822052)to Y.J.the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31802027)to R.L.
文摘A reference genome assembled from a single individual cannot capture the complex population level of polymorphism,especially for genetically divergent or admixed populations(Sherman et al.,2019).A complete genome data representative of a species rather than one individual,termed as pan-genome,can recover the genomic diversity and variations that are absent in the reference genome.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61773142)。
文摘This paper concentrates on developing a missile terminal guidance law against a highly maneuvering target whose maneuvering acceleration is very close to that of the missile or even exceeds the missile normal acceleration in a finite period of time.A new saturated super-twisting algorithm is proposed and applied to the design of missile guidance law.The proposed algorithm has the advantages of simple structure,easy parameter tuning rules and a full utilization of the limit control input.The designed saturated super-twisting sliding mode guidance law is then employed in a missile guidance system.Simulation and its superior performance against strong maneuvering targets is demonstrated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31822052)the National Thousand Youth Talents Plan, the Major Projects of the National Social Science Foundation of China (17ZDA221)
文摘Dear Editor,As one of the oldest domesticated livestock, pigs were independently domesticated in the Near East and East Asia,approximately 10,000 years ago (Larson et al., 2010).
