全自动固相萃取—高效液相色谱法测定现制饮料中7种合成着色剂

目的:建立一种全自动固相萃取—高效液相色谱双波长法测定现制饮料中7种合成着色剂的方法。方法:样品经纯水提取2次,离心后,合并上清液,调节pH至3~4。利用全自动固相萃取装置活化Poly-sery色素专用固相萃取小柱,并上样、淋洗、洗脱。洗脱液氮吹浓缩至200μL,用50%流动相A+50%流动相B混合液定容至1.0 mL。色谱柱采用C 18柱,流动相为20 mmol/L乙酸铵—甲醇,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,进样量10μL,检测波长254,628 nm。结果:各物质在0.5~50.0μg/mL范围内相关系数均大于0.9999,方法检出限为0.023~0.179 mg/kg,定量限为0.078~0.598 mg/kg,加标回收率为92.4%~96.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%~4.2%。结论:该方法试剂使用量小,操作步骤简便,自动化程度高,回收率高,重复性好,适合于批量样品测定。

离子色谱法在食品检测中的应用研究

本文概述了离子色谱技术的工作原理、检测方法以及该技术在食品安全检测中的独特优势,并总结了检测重金属、防腐剂、添加剂的方法,旨在为食品安全检测和食品质量监管提供参考。

基于复合式净化体系的畜禽肉兽药残留快速检测技术分析

畜禽肉是我国百姓日常生活中重要的肉食来源,因此,肉类中兽药残留量是我国食用农产品检测中的重点关注对象。本文在QuEChERS方法的基础上,结合了固相萃取柱的柱填充思想,形成了一步净化柱,并采用实时直接分析-串联质谱技术对畜禽肉进行测定,实现了兽药残留的快速检测。

上皮性卵巢癌组织中microRNA-375、ERBB2的表达及与临床病理特征和预后的关系

目的探究上皮性卵巢癌(EOC)组织中microRNA-375(miR-375)、erb-b2受体酪氨酸激酶2(ERBB2)的表达及与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法选取2015年10月—2017年10月上海交通大学附属第六人民医院收治的134例EOC患者的基本资料。采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测miR-375和ERBB2在EOC组织及其癌旁正常组织中的表达,并分析两者的相关性及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果EOC组织中miR-375 mRNA相对表达量较癌旁组织低(P<0.05),而ERBB2 mRNA相对表达量较癌旁组织高(P<0.05)。EOC组织中miR-375 mRNA和ERBB2 mRNA相对表达量在淋巴结转移和FIGO分期方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EOC组织中miR-375的表达与ERBB2的表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。miR-375低表达组的3年总生存率较高表达组低(P<0.05)。ERBB2高表达组的3年总生存率较低表达组低(P<0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,高级别的FIGO分期、有淋巴结转移、miR-375低表达以及ERBB2高表达是影响EOC患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论EOC组织中miR-375呈低表达而ERBB2呈高表达,两者呈负相关,且均与FIGO分期及淋巴结转移有关,对评估病情进展及其预后生存率具有重要的临床价值。

骨形态发生蛋白2临床应用的不良反应

骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)是一种能够诱导骨形成的活性蛋白质,参与并调控诱导间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化过程,于2002年被美国食品药品管理局批准用于单节段腰椎前路椎体融合术。然而在临床使用BMP2过程中,逐渐发现其可导致异位骨化、骨溶解及移植物下沉、骨囊肿形成、炎症反应相关并发症、神经根炎、逆行性射精和肿瘤形成等不良反应的发生。这些不良反应可能与BMP2的超适应证使用、超生理剂量使用存在一定相关性。本文主要对BMP2临床应用的不良反应进行综述,以为临床更加安全、有效地应用BMP2提供参考。

低分子肝素联合卡维地络对COPD合并心力衰竭患者心肺功能和相关指标的影响

目的 探讨低分子肝素联合卡维地络对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并心力衰竭患者心肺功能和相关指标的影响。方法 选择COPD合并心力衰竭患者150例,均分为对照组、肝素组(低分子肝素)和联合组(低分子肝素+卡维地络)。比较治疗前、后各组血清可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、微小RNA-218(miR-218)及心肺功能,行Pearson相关性分析。结果 治疗后联合组心功能指标、肺功能指标、血气分析指标改善优于其他两组,sTREM-1、SAA和miR-218水平低于其他两组,血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、C反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6水平低于其他两组(P<0.05)。血清sTREM-1水平与肺功能指标呈负相关(P<0.05),SAA和miR-218水平与第1秒用力呼气量呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 低分子肝素联合卡维地络治疗COPD合并心力衰竭患者,可有效改善患者血清sTREM-1、SAA、miR-218水平及心肺功能,安全性较高,值得推广。

结晶紫中性红胆盐琼脂配制中煮沸与高压灭菌效果比较

目的探讨结晶紫中性红胆盐琼脂(violet red bile agar,VRBA)配制时,用高压灭菌法代替煮沸法的可行性。方法将大肠菌群的5种标准菌株用煮沸3次、121℃高压灭菌15min和115℃高压灭菌15min后,在VRBA分别培养,观察菌株成长的差异性;同时做目标菌生长率定量测试和非目标菌的定性测试。结果两种温度高压灭菌后,VRBA培养基和煮沸法处理的VRBA培养基培养的菌株成长、目标菌生长率P_R差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。肺炎克雷伯菌的生长率P_R<0.70,其余菌株的生长率P_R均>0.70。非目标菌的生长指数G均为0。结论 121℃、15min灭菌处理VRBA更方便实验室批量配制培养基和简化实验操作,提高工作效率。推荐配制VRBA时使用高压灭菌法代替煮沸法。VRBA不适用于分离肺炎克雷伯菌。

Risk factors and prediction of macrosomia in a cohort study

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of macrosomia and to predict the risk of macrosomia so as to reduce the incidence of macrosomia. Methods: A total of 2063 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the subjects from February 2016 to April 2017 in Jiading District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai and Pudong New Area Maternal and Child Health Hospital. According to the birth weight of the neonates, the neonates were divided into the macrosomia group (neonatal weight > 4000 g, n=125) and the normal infant group (2500 g < neonatal weight < 4000 g, n=1938).The general data of age, number of pregnant women, BMI before pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, glucose tolerance, weight gain during pregnancy, birth weight and gestational week were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of macrosomia. Results: ①There were significant differences in BMI, glucose tolerance, fasting blood sugar, weight gain in the second trimester, weight gain in the third trimester, birth weight and gestational week between the two groups (P<0.05). ②Single factor analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational week at first diagnosis, fasting blood glucose tolerance, weight gain in the second trimester, weight gain in the third trimester, gestational week and birth weight were the influencing factors of macrosomia (P<0.05). ③Multi-factor analysis showed that gestational weeks, gestational diabetes, fasting glucose tolerance and weight growth in the second trimester were the main factors affecting the production of macrosomia, among which gestational diabetes was the protective factor, while gestational weeks, fasting glucose tolerance and weight growth in the second trimester were the risk factors. Conclusion: The high risk factors for macrosomia are gestational weeks, glucose tolerance, fasting blood sugar and weight gain in the second trimester of pregnancy.We should strengthen regular obstetric examination, health care during pregnancy, reasonable diet and proper exercise, and strictly control the weight gain during the second trimester of pregnancy. At the same time, we should monitor blood sugar in time so as to reduce the incidence of macrosomia.

Thiazoloisoindigo-based Polymer Semiconductors: Synthesis,Structure-Property Relationship, Charge Carrier Polarity, and Field-Effect Transistor Performance

Developing new polymeric semiconductors with excellent device performance is essential for organic electronics. Herein, we synthesized two new thiazoloisoindigo(Tz II)-based polymers, namely, P(Tz II-d Th-d Th) and P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz), by copolymerizing thiophene-flanked Tz II with bithiophene and bithiazole, respectively. Owing to the more electron-deficient nature of bithiazole than bithiophene, P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz)possesses deeper LUMO/HOMO levels of-3.45/-5.47 e V than P(Tz II-d Th-d Th)(-3.34/-5.32 e V). The organic field-effect transistor(OFET) devices based on P(Tz II-d Th-d Th) exhibited p-type behaviors with an average hole mobility value as high as 1.43 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1), while P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz)showed typical ambipolar characteristics with average hole and electron mobilities of 0.38 and 0.56 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1). In addition, we compared the performances of both polymers with other Tz II-based polymers reported in our previous work, and showed that the charge carrier polarity can be manipulated by adjusting the number of the thiophene units between the acceptor unit. As the increase of the number of thiophene rings,charge carrier polarity shifts from electron-dominated ambipolar transport to hole-dominated ambipolar transport and then to unipolar hole transport in OFETs, which provides an effective molecular design strategy for further optimization of polymer OFET performance.

Finely Tuned Electron/Hole Transport Preference of Thiazoloisoindigo-based Conjugated Polymers by Incorporation of Heavy Chalcogenophenes

A series of copolymers of thiazoloisoindigo (Tzll) with different chalcogenophene trimers were synthesized to systematicllyinvestigate the chalcogen effect on their charge transport propertes.When only the middlethiophene ring of terthiphene(T-T-T)is replaced byheavier chalcogenophenes,a preference(expressed by the ratio of μe/μh)towards electron transport was observed descending from T-T-Tto T-Se-Tthen to T-Te-T(Se and Te stand for selenophene and tellurophene,respectively).On the other hand,with the increased number of heavierchalcogenophenes,a preference toward hole transport was observed descending from Se-T-Se to Se-Se-se then to Se-Te-Se.This phenomenon iswellexplained by the balance between the aromatic resonance energy of the chalcogenophenes and the electronegativity of the chalcogens.Specifically,P(TZll-T-Se-T)displayed relatively balanced ambipolar property(μh^(max)andμe^(max) of 3.77 and 1.59 cm^(2)·v^(-1)·s^(-1)with aμe/μh of 0.42).while P(Tll-Se-Te-Se)exhibited the best preference to hole transfer with a u.u,of 0.09.P(Tzll-T-Te-T)exhibited the best preference to electrontransfer with aμe/μl,of 16 and theμe^(max)of 0.64 cm^(2)·v^(-).s^(-1)which is the highest electron mobility among the known conjugated polymerscontaining tellurophenes.

Adoptive transfer of FTY720-treated immature bone marrowderived dendritic cells(BMDCs) significantly reduced the spontaneous resorption rate in the CBA/J ×DBA/2 mouse model

Objective To investigate the effect of FTY720-treated immature bone marrow-derived dendritic cells（BMDCs） on the embryo resorption rate in the CBA/J× DBA/2 abortion mouse model.Methods The dendritic cells（DCs） were derived from bone marrow of DBA/2 mice, and then co-cultured with FTY720. The abortion mouse models were established by mating female CBA/J mice with DBA/2 mice. Via the CBA/J×DBA/2 abortion mouse model, six groups were established, group A： normal pregnancy model; group B： abortion mouse model with no treatment; group C： abortion mouse model injected with DC culture medium（DCCM）; group D： abortion mouse model injected with DC; group E： abortion mouse model injected with FTY720; group F： abortion model mouse injected with FTY720-DC. The differences were compared in the embryo resorption rates of the CBA/J ×DBA/2 abortion mouse model treated with FTY720-DC or different controls observed on gestation day 12 to 14, and then the microenvironment in murine pregnancy was investigated.Results The embryo resorption rate was statistically significantly decreased in group D and group E when they compared with group B and group C（P〈0.05, respectively）.Furthermore, the embryo resorption rate in group F showed a statistically significant decrease when compared with the other groups except group A（P〈0.01）. These resultssuggest that FTY720-DCs possess a notable advantage over DCs or FTY720 in reducing the embryo resorption rate of the abortion mouse model. The percentage of Th17（IL-17＋CD4＋T cells） in peripheral blood mononuclear cell（PBMC） in the abortion mouse model was 4.35%±0.34% before treated with FTY720-DC, and was1.34%±0.28% after treated with FTY720-DC（P〈0.01）. The percentage of Tregs（CD4~＋CD25~＋Foxp3~＋T cells） in PBMC was significantly increased in group F（8.35%±1.80%） as compared with group B（2.68%±0.65%）（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Adoptive transfer of FTY720-DC can statistically significantly reduce the embryo resorption rate in the CBA/J×DBA/2 abortion mouse model. The lower embryo resorption rate in the FTY720-DC treated abortion mouse model may be caused by the imbalance of Treg/Th17.