Comparative study of cylindrical vs circular ring magnets for colonic anastomosis in rats

BACKGROUND Magnetic compression anastomosis(MCA)offers a simple and reliable technique for inducing anastomoses at any point along the digestive tract.Evidence regarding whether the design of the MCA device influences the anastomosis effect is lacking.AIM To investigate any difference in the side-to-side colonic anastomosis effect achieved with cylindrical vs circular ring magnets.METHODS We designed cylindrical and circular ring magnets suitable for side-to-side colonic anastomosis in rats.Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a cylindrical group,circular ring group,and cylindrical–circular ring group(n=10/group).Side-to-side colonic anastomosis was completed by transanal insertion of the magnets without incision of the colon.Operation time,perioperative complications,and magnet discharge time were recorded.Rats were euthanized 4 weeks postoperatively,and anastomotic specimens were obtained.The burst pressure and anastomotic diameter were measured sequentially,and anastomosis formation was observed by naked eye.Histological results were observed by light microscopy.RESULTS In all 30 rats,side-to-side colonic anastomosis was completed,for an operation success rate of 100%.No postoperative complications of bleeding and intestinal obstruction occurred,and the postoperative survival rate were 100%.The operation time,magnet discharge time,anastomotic bursting pressure,and anastomotic diameter did not differ significantly among the three designs(P>0.05).Healing was similar across the groups,with gross specimens showing good anastomotic healing and good mucosal continuity observed on histological analysis.CONCLUSION This study found no significant difference in the establishment of rat side-to-side colonic anastomosis with the use of cylindrical vs circular ring magnets.

Optimization of tracheoesophageal fistula model established with Tshaped magnet system based on magnetic compression technique

BACKGROUND The magnetic compression technique has been used to establish an animal model of tracheoesophageal fistula(TEF),but the commonly shaped magnets present limitations of poor homogeneity of TEF and poor model control.We designed a Tshaped magnet system to overcome these problems and verified its effectiveness via animal experiments.AIM To investigate the effectiveness of a T-shaped magnet system for establishing a TEF model in beagle dogs.METHODS Twelve beagles were randomly assigned to groups in which magnets of the Tshaped scheme(study group,n=6)or normal magnets(control group,n=6)were implanted into the trachea and esophagus separately under gastroscopy.Operation time,operation success rate,and accidental injury were recorded.After operation,the presence and timing of cough and the time of magnet shedding were observed.Dogs in the control group were euthanized after X-ray and gastroscopy to confirm establishment of TEFs after coughing,and gross specimens of TEFs were obtained.Dogs in the study group were euthanized after X-ray and gastroscopy 2 wk after surgery,and gross specimens were obtained.Fistula size was measured in all animals,and then harvested fistula specimens were examined by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and Masson trichrome staining.RESULTS The operation success rate was 100%for both groups.Operation time did not differ between the study group(5.25 min±1.29 min)and the control group(4.75 min±1.70 min;P=0.331).No bleeding,perforation,or unplanned magnet attraction occurred in any animal during the operation.In the early postoperative period,all dogs ate freely and were generally in good condition.Dogs in the control group had severe cough after drinking water at 6-9 d after surgery.X-ray indicated that the magnets had entered the stomach,and gastroscopy showed TEF formation.Gross specimens of TEFs from the control group showed the formation of fistulas with a diameter of 4.94 mm±1.29 mm(range,3.52-6.56 mm).HE and Masson trichrome staining showed scar tissue formation and hierarchical structural disorder at the fistulas.Dogs in the study group did not exhibit obvious coughing after surgery.X-ray examination 2 wk after surgery indicated fixed magnet positioning,and gastroscopy showed no change in magnet positioning.The magnets were removed using a snare under endoscopy,and TEF was observed.Gross specimens showed well-formed fistulas with a diameter of 6.11 mm±0.16 mm(range,5.92-6.36 mm),which exceeded that in the control group(P<0.001).Scar formation was observed on the internal surface of fistulas by HE and Masson trichrome staining,and the structure was more regular than that in the control group.CONCLUSION Use of the modified T-shaped magnet scheme is safe and feasible for establishing TEF and can achieve a more stable and uniform fistula size compared with ordinary magnets.Most importantly,this model offers better controllability,which improves the flexibility of follow-up studies.

Y–Z deformable magnetic ring for the treatment of rectal stricture: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis for colorectal cancer is often challenging,especially for patients who do not respond well to endoscopy.In cases where patients have undergone an enterostomy,the stenosis can be easily resolved through magnetic compression.However,common magnetic compre-ssion techniques cannot be performed on those without enterostomy.We design-ed a novel Y–Z deformable magnetic ring(Y–Z DMR)and successfully applied it to a patient with a stenosis rectal anastomosis and without enterostomy after rectal cancer surgery.CASE SUMMARY We here report the case of a 57-year-old woman who had undergone a laparo-scopic radical rectum resection(Dixon)for rectal cancer.However,she started facing difficulty in defecation 6 months after surgery.Her colonoscopy indicated stenosis of the rectal anastomosis.Endoscopic balloon dilation was performed six times on her.However,the stenosis still showed a trend of gradual aggravation.Because the patient did not undergo an enterostomy,the conventional endoscopic magnetic compression technique could not be performed.Hence,we imple-mented a Y–Z DMR implemented through the anus under single channel.The magnetic ring fell off nine days after the operation and the rectal stenosis was relieved.The patient was followed up for six months and reported good defeca-tion.CONCLUSION The Y–Z DMR deformable magnetic ring is an excellent treatment strategy for patients with rectal stenosis and without enterostomy.

Magnetic compression anastomosis to restore biliary tract continuity after obstruction following major abdominal trauma:A case report

BACKGROUND The combination of magnetic compression anastomosis(MCA)and endoscopy has been used to treat biliary stricture after liver transplantation.However,its use for the treatment of complex biliary obstruction after major abdominal trauma has not been reported.This case report describes the successful use of MCA for the treatment of biliary obstruction resulting from major abdominal trauma.A 23-year-old man underwent major abdominal surgery(repair of liver rupture,right half colon resection,and ileostomy)following a car accident one year ago.The abdominal drainage tube,positioned at the Winslow foramen,was draining approximately 600-800 mL of bile per day.During the two endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures,the guide wire was unable to enter the common bile duct,which prevented placement of a biliary stent.MCA combined with endoscopy was used to successfully achieve magnetic anastomosis of the peritoneal sinus tract and duodenum,and then a choledochoduodenal stent was placed.Finally,the external biliary drainage tube was removed.The patient achieved internal biliary drainage leading to the removal of the external biliary drainage tube,which improved the quality of life.CONCLUSION Magnetic compression technique can be used for the treatment of complex biliary obstruction with minimal operative trauma.

Novel magnetic compression technique for the treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis in rectal cancer:A case report

BACKGROUND The treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis after excision of rectal cancer is challenging.Endoscopic balloon dilation and radial incision are not effective in all patients.We present a new endoscopy-assisted magnetic compression technique(MCT)for the treatment of rectal anastomotic stenosis.We successfully applied this MCT to a patient who developed an anastomotic stricture after radical resection of rectal cancer.A 50-year-old man had undergone laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery at a local hospital 5 months ago.A colonoscopy performed 2 months ago indicated that the rectal anastomosis was narrow due to which ileostomy closure could not be performed.The patient came to the Magnetic Surgery Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University after learning that we had successfully treated patients with colorectal stenosis using MCT.We performed endoscopy-assisted magnetic compression surgery for rectal stenosis.The magnets were removed 16 d later.A follow-up colonoscopy performed after 4 months showed good anastomotic patency,following which,ileostomy closure surgery was performed.CONCLUSION MCT is a simple,non-invasive technique for the treatment of anastomotic stricture after radical resection of rectal cancer.The technique can be widely used in clinical settings.

Treatment of anastomotic stricture after rectal cancer operation by magnetic compression technique:A case report

BACKGROUNDThe treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis(AS)after resection of colorectalcancer is challenging.Endoscopic balloon dilation is used to treat stenosisin such cases,but some patients do not show improvement even after multipleballoon dilations.Magnetic compression technique(MCT)has been used for gastrointestinalanastomosis,but its use for the treatment of postoperative AS aftercolorectal cancer surgery has rarely been reported.CASE SUMMARYWe report a 72-year-old man who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancerand ileostomy one year ago.An ileostomy closure was prepared six months ago,but colonoscopy revealed a narrowing of the rectal anastomosis.Endoscopic balloondilation was performed three times,but colonoscopy showed no significantimprovement in stenosis.The AS was successfully treated using MCT.CONCLUSIONMCT is a minimally invasive method that can be used for the treatment of postoperativeAS after colorectal cancer surgery.

Influence of different magnetic forces on the effect of colonic anastomosis in rats

BACKGROUND Despite much work having been conducted on magnetic compression anastomo-sis(MCA)in the digestive tract,there are no reports on the influence of magnetic force on the anastomosis.AIM To investigate the effect of different magnetic force magnets on the MCA of the digestive tract.METHODS Two groups of magnets of the same sizes but different magnetic forces were designed and produced.A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into two groups(powerful magnet group and common magnet group),with 12 rats in each group.Two types of magnets were used to complete the colonic side-to-side anastomosis of the rats.The operation time and magnet discharge time were recorded.The anastomotic specimens were obtained 4 wk after the operation and then the burst pressure and diameter of the anastomosis were measured,and the anastomosis was observed via the naked eye and subjected to histological examination.RESULTS The magnetic forces of the powerful and common magnet groups at zero distance were 8.26 N and 4.10 N,respectively.The colonic side-to-side anastomosis was completed in all 24 rats,and the operation success rate and postoperative survival rate were 100%.No significant difference was noted in the operation time between the two groups.The magnet discharge time of the powerful magnet group was slightly longer than that of the common magnet group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.513).Furthermore,there was no statistical difference in the burst pressure(P=0.266)or diameter of magnetic anastomosis(P=0.095)between the two groups.The gross specimens of the two groups showed good anastomotic healing,and histological observation indicated good mucosal continuity without differences on healing.CONCLUSION In the rat colonic side-to-side MCA model,both the powerful magnet with 8.26 N and the common magnet with 4.10 N showed no significant impact on the anastomosis establishment process or its effect.

Clinical feasibility of laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection with magnetic anchor technique:The first clinical study from China

BACKGROUND Magnetic anchor technique(MAT)has been applied in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy,but has not been reported in laparoscopic partial hepatectomy.AIM To evaluate the feasibility of the MAT in laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection.METHODS Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of eight patients who underwent laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection assisted by MAT in our department from July 2020 to November 2021.The Y-Z magnetic anchor devices(Y-Z MADs)was independently designed and developed by the author of this paper,which consists of the anchor magnet and magnetic grasping apparatus.Surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative accidents,operator experience,postoperative incision pain score,postoperative complications,and other indicators were evaluated and analyzed.RESULTS All eight patients underwent a MAT-assisted laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection,including three patients undertaking conventional 5-port and five patients having a transumbilical single-port operation.The mean operation time was 138±34.32 min(range 95-185 min)and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 123±88.60 mL(range 20-300 mL).No adverse events occurred during the operation.The Y-Z MADs showed good workability and maneuverability in both tissue and organ exposure.In particular,the operators did not experience either a“chopstick”or“sword-fight”effect in the single-port laparoscopic operation.CONCLUSION The results show that the MAT is safe and feasible for laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection,especially,exhibits its unique abettance for transumbilical single-port laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection.

磁性水凝胶黏膜下注射辅助离体猪食管内镜黏膜下剥离术的可行性研究

目的探讨基于磁锚定技术的磁性水凝胶辅助内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)的可行性。方法以新鲜离体猪食管为模型,在黏膜下注射自行配置的海藻酸钠-四氧化三铁微粒溶液和交联剂,使两者发生反应形成磁性水凝胶。在食管外放置锚定磁体后,黏膜下的磁性水凝胶被吸引,连同病变黏膜一起被抬起,可辅助完成ESD。结果在锚定磁体的磁场力作用下,磁性水凝胶被锚定磁体吸引,可充分显露黏膜剥离面术野并形成足够的组织张力,改善术者操作体验,提高整块黏膜切除率。结论黏膜下注射磁性水凝胶在食管ESD中具有可行性,后续将进一步优化磁性水凝胶性能并进行验证。该技术有望应用于临床。

Anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing effects of sodium aescinate on retinoblastoma Y79 cells

AIM:To investigate the anti-proliferation and apoptosisinducing effects of sodium aescinate(SA)on retinoblastoma Y79 cells and its mechanism.METHODS:Y79 cells were cultured at different drug concentrations for different periods of time(24,48,and 72 h).The inhibitory effect of SA on proliferation of Y79 cells was detected by the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the morphology of Y79 cells in each group was observed under an inverted microscope.An IC50 of 48 h was selected for subsequent experiments.After pretreatment with SA for 24 and 48 h,cellular DNA distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.Real-time qunatitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and Western blot were used to assess changes in related genes(CDK1,CyclinB1,Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-9,caspase-8,and caspase-3).RESULTS:SA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of Y79 cells in a time-dependent and concentrationdependent manner.Following its intervention in the cell cycle pathway,SA can inhibit the expression of CDK1 and Cyclin B1 at the mRNA and protein levels,and block cells in the G2/M phase.In caspase-related apoptotic pathways,up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 caused caspase-9 to self-cleave and further activate caspase-3.What’s more,the caspase-8-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway was activated,and the activated caspase-8 was released into the cytoplasm to activate caspase-3,which as a member of the downstream apoptotic effect group,initiates a caspase-cascade reaction that induces cell apoptosis.CONCLUSION:SA inhibits the proliferation of Y79 cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase,and induces apoptosis via the caspase-related apoptosis pathway,indicating that SA may have promising potential as a chemotherapeutic drug.

Molecular mechanism prediction analysis of compound Kushen injection in the treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Background:As one of the eight effective traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of atypical pneumonia,compound Kushen injection(CKI)played an important role in combating pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus in China in 2003.CKI is known to inhibit inflammation,and its main chemical components,namely matrine and oxymatrine,can promote Th cells to recognize and eliminate viruses.In this study,network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to explore the mechanisms of CKI for treating coronavirus disease 2019.Methods:The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and other related literature were used to screen CKI’s active ingredients in the blood.Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,Swiss Target Prediction and STITCH were used to search for potential targets of the active ingredients.The“ingredient-target”network was constructed using the Cytoscape software.The STRING online database was used to construct a target protein-protein interaction network that can be visualized and analyzed using the Cytoscape software to obtain key targets.Results:Sophocarpine,sophoridine,matrine,(+)-allomatrine,AIDS211310,and sophranol were the six active ingredients.After docking the active ingredients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 23CL hydrolase and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),they displayed suitable affinity,which could block viral replication and its binding to ACE2.The key targets mainly involved inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF).Gene Ontology enrichment analysis mainly indicated the IL-6 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway enrichment analysis mainly indicated steroid hormone biosynthesis and the TNF signaling pathway.Conclusion:The alkaloids in CKI can block viral replication and its binding to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and ACE2 receptors.They regulate the IL-6-mediated signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,and steroid hormone biosynthesis,thereby initiating therapeutic responses against coronavirus disease 2019.

Magnetic compression anastomosis for reconstruction of digestive tract after total gastrectomy in beagle model

BACKGROUND Magnetic compression anastomosis(MCA)is a simple procedure contributing to a reliable anastomosis.However,digestive-tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy using MCA has not yet been reported.AIM To investigate the feasibility of MCA for simultaneous esophagojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy after total gastrectomy using beagle dogs.METHODS Sixteen beagles were randomly divided into an MCA group(study group,n=8)and a manual-suture anastomosis group(control group,n=8).Two different magnetic anastomosis devices were used in the study group for esophagojejunal and jejunojejunal anastomoses.Both devices included a pair of circular daughter and parent magnets each.The time of esophagojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy,postoperative complications,and survival rate of the two groups were compared.The dogs were sacrificed one month after the operation and their anastomotic specimens were obtained.Healing was observed by the naked eye and a light microscope.RESULTS Digestive-tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy was successfully completed in both groups(survival rate=100%).In the study group,esophagojejunal and jejunojejunal anastomoses took 6.13±0.58 and 4.06±0.42 min,respectively,significantly lower than those in the control group(15.63±1.53 min,P<0.001 and 10.31±1.07 min,P<0.001,respectively).Complications such as bleeding,anastomotic leakage,and anastomotic stenosis were not observed.In the study group,the magnets did not interfere with each other.Discharge time of the jejunojejunal magnetic anastomosis device was 10.75±1.28 d,while that of the esophagojejunal magnetic anastomosis device was 12.25±1.49 d.Residual silk was found in the control group.The study group showed a greater smoothness of the anastomosis than that of the control group.All layers of anastomosis healed well in both groups.CONCLUSION MCA is a safe and feasible procedure for digestive-tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy in this animal model.

Magnetic compression anastomosis for sigmoid stenosis treatment:A case report

BACKGROUND Endoscopic balloon dilation is a minimally invasive treatment for colorectal stenosis.Magnetic compression anastomosis can be applied against gastrointestinal anastomosis.When combined with endoscopy,it offers a unique approach to the recanalization of colorectal stenosis.CASE SUMMARY We have reported here the case of a 53-year-old female patient who underwent a descending colostomy due to sigmoid obstruction.Postoperative fistula restoration was not possible in her due to sigmoid stenosis.Accordingly,endoscopicassisted magnetic compression anastomosis for sigmoid stenosis was performed,and the sigmoid stenosis was recanalized 15 d after the surgery.Subsequently,a reduction colostomy was successfully performed after 10 d.CONCLUSION This case report proposes a novel minimally invasive treatment approach for colorectal stenosis.

Animal experimental study on magnetic anchor technique-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)has high morbidity and mortality.Moreover,because GC has no typical symptoms in the early stages,most cases are already in the advanced stages by the time the symptoms appear,thus resulting in poor prognosis and a low survival rate.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)can realize the early detection and diagnosis of GC and become the main surgical method for early GC.However,ESD has a steep learning curve and high technical skill requirements for endoscopists,which is not conducive to its widespread implementation and advancement.Therefore,a series of auxiliary techniques have been derived.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of magnetic anchor technique(MAT)-assisted ESD in early GC.METHODS This was an ex vivo animal experiment.The experimental models were the isolated stomachs of pigs,which were divided into two groups,namely the study group(n=6)with MAT-assisted ESD and the control group(n=6)with traditional ESD.Comparing the total surgical time,incidence of surgical complications,complete mucosal resection rate,specimen size,and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure reflected their feelings about convenience during the surgical procedure between the two groups.The magnetic anchor device for auxiliary ESD in the study group comprised three parts,an anchor magnet(AM),a target magnet(TM),and a soft tissue clip.Under gastroscopic guidance,the soft tissue clip and the TM were delivered to the pre-marked mucosal lesion through the gastroscopic operating hole.The soft tissue clip and the TM were connected by a thin wire through the TM tail structure.The soft tissue clip was released by manipulating the operating handle of the soft tissue clip in a way that the soft tissue clip and the TM were fixed to the lesion mucosa.In vitro,ESD is aided by maneuvering the AM such that the mucosal dissection surface is exposed.RESULTS The total surgical time was shorter in the study group than in the control group(26.57±0.19 vs 29.97±0.28,P<0.001),and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure were higher in the study group than in the control group(9.53±0.10 vs 8.00±0.22,P<0.001).During the operation in the study group,there was no detachment of the soft tissue clip and TM and no mucosal tearing.The magnetic force between the AM and TM provided good mucosal exposure and sufficient tissue tension for ESD.The mucosal lesion was completely peeled off,and the operation was successful.There were no significant differences in the incidence of surgical complications(100%vs 83.3%),complete mucosal resection rate(100%vs 66.7%,P=0.439),and specimen size(2.44±0.04 cm vs 2.49±0.02,P=0.328)between the two groups.CONCLUSION MAT-ESD is safe and effective for early GC.It provides a preliminary basis for subsequent internal animal experiments and clinical research.

Novel deformable self-assembled magnetic anastomosis ring for endoscopic treatment of colonic stenosis via natural orifice

BACKGROUND Although endoscope-assisted magnetic compression anastomosis has already been reported for colonic anastomosis,there is no report on a single-approach operation using the natural orifice.AIM To design a deformable self-assembled magnetic anastomosis ring(DSAMAR)for colonic anastomosis for use in single-approach operation and evaluate its feasibility and safety through animal experiments.METHODS The animal model for colonic stenosis was prepared by partial colonic ligation in eight beagles.The magnetic compression anastomosis of their colonic stricture was performed by endoscopically assisted transanal implantation of the DSAMAR.The anastomotic specimen,obtained 2 wk after the operation,was observed by both the naked eye and a light microscope.RESULTS The DSAMAR was successfully inserted into the proximal end of colon stenosis through the anus.The DSAMAR of seven dogs was successfully transformed into rings,while that of the remaining dog was removed after the first deformation failed.The rings were successfully retransformed after optimization.All animals underwent colonic anastomosis using the DSAMAR.No device-related or procedure-related adverse events were observed.The colostomy specimens of the experimental dogs were obtained 2 wk after the operation.Both gross and histological observations showed good anastomotic healing.CONCLUSION The DSAMAR is a safe and feasible option for the treatment of colon stenosis.Its specific deformation and selfassembly capability maximize the applicability of the minimally invasive treatment.

Molecular Clouds Associated with HⅡRegions and Candidates within l=106°.65 to 109°.50 and b=-1°.85 to 0°.95

We present a large-scale simultaneous survey of the CO isotopologues(^(12)CO,^(13)CO,and C^(18)O)J=1-0 line emission toward the Galactic plane region of l=106°.65 to 109°.50 and b=-1°.85 to 0°.95 using the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7 m millimeter-wavelength telescope.Except for the molecular gas in the solar neighborhood,the emission from the molecular gas in this region is concentrated in the velocity range of[-60,-35]km s^(-1).The gas in the region can be divided into four clouds,with mass in the range of~10^(3)-10^(4)M☉.We have identified 25 filaments based on the^(13)CO data.The median excitation temperature,length,line mass,line width,and virial parameter of the filaments are 10.89 K,8.49 pc,146.11 M☉pc^(-1),1.01 km s^(-1),and 3.14,respectively.Among these filaments,eight have virial parameters of less than 2,suggesting that they are gravitationally bound and can lead to star formation.Nineteen HⅡregions or candidates have previously been found in the region and we investigate the relationships between these HⅡregions/candidates and surrounding molecular clouds in detail.Using morphology similarity and radial velocity consistency between HⅡregions/candidates and molecular clouds as evidence for association,and raised temperature and velocity broadening as signatures of interaction,we propose that 12 HⅡregions/candidates are associated with their surrounding molecular clouds.In the case of the HⅡregion of S142,the energy of the HⅡregion is sufficient to maintain the turbulence in the surrounding molecular gas.

Primary animal experiment to test the feasibility of a novel Y-Z magnetic hepatic portal blocking band

BACKGROUND Hepatic portal blood flow occlusion is a common technique for reducing hepatic hemorrhage during hepatectomy.We designed a novel Y-Z magnetic hepatic portal blocking band(Y-Z MHPBB)based on the principle of magnetic compression technique.AIM To introduce the Y-Z MHPBB device and verify the feasibility of this device for hepatic portal blood flow occlusion in dogs.METHODS Ten beagles were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,the number of portal blood flow occlusions,the total time spent on adjusting the blocking band,and the average time spent on adjusting the blocking band were recorded.The surgeons evaluated the feasibility and flexibility of the two portal occlusion devices.RESULTS Laparoscopic hepatectomy was successfully performed in both the experimental group and control group.There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and the number of hepatic portal blood flow occlusions.With respect to the total time spent on adjusting the blocking band and the average time spent on adjusting the blocking band,the experimental group showed significantly better outcomes than the control group,with a statistical difference(P<0.05).The operators found that the Y-Z MHPBB was superior to the modified T-tube in terms of operational flexibility.CONCLUSION The Y-Z MHPBB seems to be an ingenious design,accurate blood flow occlusion effect,and good flexibility;and it can be used for hepatic portal blood flow occlusion during laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Structures of GMC W37

We carried out observations toward the giant molecular cloud W 37 with the J = 1 - 0 transitions of 12CO, 13CO and C180 using the 13.7 m single-dish telescope at the Delingha station of Purple Mountain Observatory. Based on these CO lines, we calculated the column densities and cloud masses for molecular clouds with radial velocities around ＋20 km s-1. The gas mass of W 37, calculated from 13CO emission, is 1.7 × 10^5 M, above the criterion to be considered a giant molecular cloud. The dense ridge of W 37 is a dense filament, which is supercritical in terms of linear mass ratio. Dense clumps found by C180 emission are aligned along the dense ridge at regular intervals of about 2.8 pc, similar to the clump separation caused by large-scale ＇sausage instability＇. We confirm the identification of the giant molecular filament （GMF） G 18.0-16.8 and find a new giant filament, G 16.5-15.8, located ~ 0.7° to the west of G 18.0-16.8. Both GMFs are not gravitationally bound, as indicated by their low linear mass ratio （- 80 M pc-l）. We compared the gas temperature map with the dust temperature map from Herschel images, and found similar structures. The spatial distributions of class I objects and the dense clumps are reminiscent of triggered star formation occurring in the northwestern part of W 37, which is close to NGC 6611.

Magnetic anchor technique assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal cancer

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer has high incidence globally and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.With the widespread application of endoscopic technologies,the need for early detection and diagnosis of esophageal cancer has gradually been realized.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has become the standard of care for managing early tumors of the esophagus,stomach,and colon.However,due to the steep learning curve,difficult operation,and technically demanding nature of the procedure,ESD has currently been committed to the development of various assistive technologies.AIM To explore the feasibility and applicability of magnetic anchor technique(MAT)-assisted ESD for early esophageal cancer.METHODS Isolated pig esophagi were used as the experimental model,and the magnetic anchor device was designed by us.The esophagi used were divided into two groups,namely the operational and control groups,and 10 endoscopists completed the procedure.The two groups were evaluated for the following aspects:The total operative time,perforation rate,rate of whole mucosal resection,diameter of the peering mucosa,and scores of endoscopists’feelings with the procedure,including the convenience,mucosal surface exposure degree,and tissue tension.In addition,in the operational group,the soft tissue clip and the target magnet(TM)were connected by a thin wire through a small hole at the tail end of the TM.Under gastroscopic guidance,the soft tissue clip was clamped to the edge of the lesioned mucosa,which was marked in advance.By changing the position of the anchor magnet(AM)outside the esophagus,the pulling force and pulling direction of the TM could be changed,thus exposing the mucosal peeling surface and assisting the ESD.RESULTS Herein,each of the two groups comprised 10 isolated esophageal putative mucosal lesions.The diameter of the peering mucosa did not significantly differ between the two groups(2.13±0.06 vs 2.15±0.06,P=0.882).The total operative time was shorter in the operational group than in the control group(17.04±0.22 min vs 21.94±0.23 min,P<0.001).During the entire experiment,the TM remained firmly connected with the soft tissue clip and did not affect the opening,closing,and release of the soft tissue clip.The interaction between the TM and AM could provide sufficient tissue tension and completely expose the mucosa,which greatly assists the surgeon with the operation.There was no avulsion of the mucosa,and mucosal lesions were intact when peeled.Therefore,the scores of endoscopists’feelings were higher in the operational group than in the control group in terms of the convenience(9.22±0.19 vs 8.34±0.15,P=0.002),mucosal surface exposure degree(9.11±0.15 vs 8.25±0.12,P<0.001),and tissue tension(9.35±0.13 vs 8.02±0.17,P<0.001).The two groups did not significantly differ in the perforation rate and rate of whole mucosal resection.CONCLUSION We found MAT-assisted ESD safe and feasible for early esophageal cancer.It could greatly improve the endoscopic operation experience and showed good clinical application prospects.

Molecular mechanism prediction analysis of Xiaozheng decoction in the treatment of bladder cancer based on network pharmacology

Background:To investigate the mechanism of Xiaozheng decoction in treatment of bladder cancer based on network pharmacology.Methods:Based on the Tradictional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP),the active compositions of Xiaozheng decoction were screened.The targets of active components were obtained from TCMSP,Swiss Target Prediction,and STITCH database.By mapping the disease targets of bladder cancer obtained from the DisGeNET and Genecards databases,the potential targets of Xiaozheng decoction for bladder cancer were obtained.The active components of Xiaozheng decoction-targets network was constructed using the Cytoscape software.The target protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by using the String online platform,which was visualized by Cytoscape software and analyzed by network topology to obtain the key targets of Xiaozheng decoction.GO bioprocess enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on key targets of the Xiaozheng decoction by DAVID database.Results:A total of 68 active components and 255 potential targets of Xiaozheng decoction in the treatment of bladder cancer were retrieved and screened out.The key targets were enriched and analyzed by the GO biological pathway,and 135 pathways were obtained,which involved transcriptional process,platelet activation,cell proliferation,and apoptosis.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed 95 pathways,mainly involving cancer pathway,bladder cancer pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,and VEGF signaling pathway.Conclusion:The result of this study showed that Xiaozheng decoction may play its therapeutic role through multiple components,multiple targets and multiple pathways,and preliminarily explored the mechanism of Xiaozheng decoction in the treatment of bladder cancer,laying a foundation for subsequent experimental studies.