The aim of the present study was the in vitro and in vivo analysis of a bi-layered 3D-printed scaffold combining a PLA layer and a biphasic PLA/bioglass G5 layer for regeneration of osteochondral defects in vivo Focus...The aim of the present study was the in vitro and in vivo analysis of a bi-layered 3D-printed scaffold combining a PLA layer and a biphasic PLA/bioglass G5 layer for regeneration of osteochondral defects in vivo Focus of the in vitro analysis was on the(molecular)weight loss and the morphological and mechanical variations after immersion in SBF.The in vivo study focused on analysis of the tissue reactions and differences in the implant bed vascularization using an established subcutaneous implantation model in CD-1 mice and established histological and histomorphometrical methods.Both scaffold parts kept their structural integrity,while changes in morphology were observed,especially for the PLA/G5 scaffold.Mechanical properties decreased with progressive degradation,while the PLA/G5 scaffolds presented higher compressive modulus than PLA scaffolds.The tissue reaction to PLA included low numbers of BMGCs and minimal vascularization of its implant beds,while the addition of G5 lead to higher numbers of BMGCs and a higher implant bed vascularization.Analysis revealed that the use of a bi-layered scaffold shows the ability to observe distinct in vivo response despite the physical proximity of PLA and PLA/G5 layers.Altogether,the results showed that the addition of G5 enables to reduce scaffold weight loss and to increase mechanical strength.Furthermore,the addition of G5 lead to a higher vascularization of the implant bed required as basis for bone tissue regeneration mediated by higher numbers of BMGCs,while within the PLA parts a significantly lower vascularization was found optimally for chondral regeneration.Thus,this data show that the analyzed bi-layered scaffold may serve as an ideal basis for the regeneration of osteochondral tissue defects.Additionally,the results show that it might be able to reduce the number of experimental animals required as it may be possible to analyze the tissue response to more than one implant in one experimental animal.展开更多
Bioactive Materials is reporting about international events which may promote biomaterial research beyond national borders.In this regard,both countries,Germany and China have become global players in the field of hea...Bioactive Materials is reporting about international events which may promote biomaterial research beyond national borders.In this regard,both countries,Germany and China have become global players in the field of health economy in the last decades.A sino-german platform for life sciences has already been founded in the field of health economy that enables for more cooperative projects between both research and economy from both nations.Thus,many different research projects have already been conducted between both countries.However,cooperation between researchers,clinicians and industry of different disciplines and fields is especially essential for the progress in biomaterial research and related products.Chemists,material scientists,biologists and physicians amongst many others are participating in this research field and are ambitious to find mutual solutions for the regeneration of various tissues.This collaborative research and the markets for biomedical products become more and more global and,thus,programs to sustained established cooperative research are desirable.展开更多
基金We thank the Spanish MINECO for supporting the project MAT2012-38793 and for funding MN through the Ramon y Cajal program and TS through the“Personal Tecnico de Apoyo”subprogram.
文摘The aim of the present study was the in vitro and in vivo analysis of a bi-layered 3D-printed scaffold combining a PLA layer and a biphasic PLA/bioglass G5 layer for regeneration of osteochondral defects in vivo Focus of the in vitro analysis was on the(molecular)weight loss and the morphological and mechanical variations after immersion in SBF.The in vivo study focused on analysis of the tissue reactions and differences in the implant bed vascularization using an established subcutaneous implantation model in CD-1 mice and established histological and histomorphometrical methods.Both scaffold parts kept their structural integrity,while changes in morphology were observed,especially for the PLA/G5 scaffold.Mechanical properties decreased with progressive degradation,while the PLA/G5 scaffolds presented higher compressive modulus than PLA scaffolds.The tissue reaction to PLA included low numbers of BMGCs and minimal vascularization of its implant beds,while the addition of G5 lead to higher numbers of BMGCs and a higher implant bed vascularization.Analysis revealed that the use of a bi-layered scaffold shows the ability to observe distinct in vivo response despite the physical proximity of PLA and PLA/G5 layers.Altogether,the results showed that the addition of G5 enables to reduce scaffold weight loss and to increase mechanical strength.Furthermore,the addition of G5 lead to a higher vascularization of the implant bed required as basis for bone tissue regeneration mediated by higher numbers of BMGCs,while within the PLA parts a significantly lower vascularization was found optimally for chondral regeneration.Thus,this data show that the analyzed bi-layered scaffold may serve as an ideal basis for the regeneration of osteochondral tissue defects.Additionally,the results show that it might be able to reduce the number of experimental animals required as it may be possible to analyze the tissue response to more than one implant in one experimental animal.
文摘Bioactive Materials is reporting about international events which may promote biomaterial research beyond national borders.In this regard,both countries,Germany and China have become global players in the field of health economy in the last decades.A sino-german platform for life sciences has already been founded in the field of health economy that enables for more cooperative projects between both research and economy from both nations.Thus,many different research projects have already been conducted between both countries.However,cooperation between researchers,clinicians and industry of different disciplines and fields is especially essential for the progress in biomaterial research and related products.Chemists,material scientists,biologists and physicians amongst many others are participating in this research field and are ambitious to find mutual solutions for the regeneration of various tissues.This collaborative research and the markets for biomedical products become more and more global and,thus,programs to sustained established cooperative research are desirable.
