Impact of the Barents Sea SST in Autumn on the Winter Climate in Northeast China

We studied effects of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the Barents Sea in autumn on the atmospheric circulation in northeast China in winter, using the NCEP reanalysis data and sea surface temperature (SST) data of the Hadley Center. The results show that the ocean thermal conditions in the Barents Sea in autumn can be used as an important reference factor for predicting the cold air activity in China. When the sea surface temperature anomaly of the Barents Sea elevated in the autumn, the sea-level pressure anomaly elevated in eastern China on December, northeast China and southeastern Russia on January and February. In the years when the SSTA of the Barents Sea elevated in the autumn, the abnormal high-pressure ridge developed over Europe, and the geopotential height in western China appeared negative anomaly at 500 hPa. At 1000 hPa, the Mongolia high-pressure increased and the northerly airflow strengthened the cold high-latitude air broke out to the south, which was easy to affect northeast and north of China. In negative SSTA years, the high-pressure ridge was west to the north Atlantic, and the geopotential height in central and northern Siberia appeared negative anomaly at 500 hPa;the Mongolia high-pressure was weakened at 1000 hPa.

Analysis of the Influence Factors of Differential Settlement of High Embankment in Mountain Area

This paper reveals and analyses various influence factors which cause differential settlement of high embankment in mountain area using indoor consolidation test and field loading test. In this research, the actual stress characteristics of high embankment are simplified, stability compression value of stuffing with loads under lateral restricted conditions can be measured, e-p curves and p-s curves are drawn, we can calculate compression modulus as computation criteria to estimate the settlement of high embankment. The results indicate that unconsolidated flow of high embankment is the main factor to cause differential settlement of high embankment in mountain area. As the soil consolidated, compressive deformation and the strength gradually increase, the bearing capacity of the foundation is enhanced to reduce differential settlement of the post-construction of high embankment.

A mixed culture of Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as antifungal biopreservatives in bakery product

In this study,15 strains of Lactic acid bacteria(Allata et al.)and 6 strains of propionic acid bacteria(PAB)were firstly tested for their antifungal activity against three spoilage fungi,Aspergillus niger,Penicillium crustosum and Aspergillus flavus.Two strains of LAB and PAB were selected and assessed,alone or paired,for their abilities to inhibit the most resistant mold,Aspergillus niger.A mixed culture of P.freudenreichii D6 and L.plantarum L9 was found to be the most active and their optimal inoculum was 1×10^(8) and 1×10^(6) CFU/mL,respectively.Furthermore,the in situ antifungal effect of the mixed culture was evaluated against bakery product spoilage fungi.It was found that the growth of airborne fungi was delayed for up to 7 days.The cell number of L.plantarum L9 was slightly increased by the presence of P.freudenreichii D6.Quantification of three main acids(propionic,lactic and acetic acid)produced by the protective cultures suggested that acetic acid was mainly responsible for the antifungal activity.In conclusion,the mixed culture of P.freudenreichii and L.plantarum may be exploited as biopreservatives in bakery products.