The global commitment to pivoting to sustainable energy and products calls for technology development to utilize solar energy for hydrogen(H_(2))and value-added chemicals production by biomass photoreforming.Herein,a ...The global commitment to pivoting to sustainable energy and products calls for technology development to utilize solar energy for hydrogen(H_(2))and value-added chemicals production by biomass photoreforming.Herein,a novel dual-functional marigold-like Zn_(x)Cd_(1-x)S homojunction has been the production of lactic acid with high-yield and H_(2)with high-efficiency by selective glucose photoreforming.The optimized Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S exhibits outstanding H_(2)generation(13.64 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),glucose conversion(96.40%),and lactic acid yield(76.80%),over 272.80 and 19.21 times higher than that of bare ZnS(0.05 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))and CdS(0.71 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))in H_(2)generation,respectively.The marigold-like morphology provides abundant active sites and sufficient substrates accessibility for the photocatalyst,while the specific role of the homojunction formed by hexagonal wurtzite(WZ)and cubic zinc blende(ZB)in photoreforming biomass has been demonstrated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Glucose is converted to lactic acid on the WZ surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S via the photoactive species·O_(2)^(-),while the H_(2)is evolved from protons(H^(+))in H_(2)O on the ZB surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S.This work paves a promising road for the production of sustainable energy and products by integrating photocatalysis and biorefine.展开更多
On-chip integration of electronics and photonics have attracted substantial amount of interest in recent decades. Major obstacles to the realization of this integration are size mismatch between electronic and photoni...On-chip integration of electronics and photonics have attracted substantial amount of interest in recent decades. Major obstacles to the realization of this integration are size mismatch between electronic and photonic circuits, as well as issues with ever-increasing requirements for energy efficiency, bandwidth, optical loss, and drive voltage. Another important issue is the absence of photonic materials that make such integration commercially possible in foundry-compatible processes. Future integration involves combination of various materials and platforms. During the last decade there has been an increasing interest in exploiting various photonic platforms to overcome these obstacles. Integration of silicon photonics[1–3] with technologies such as plasmonics[4–6], photonic crystal architectures[7], and hybrid materials[8] have been widely pursued for photonic integration.展开更多
Hybrid integration ofⅢ-Ⅴand ferroelectric materials is being broadly adopted to enhance functionalities in silicon photonic integrated circuits(PICs).Bonding and transfer printing have been the popular approaches fo...Hybrid integration ofⅢ-Ⅴand ferroelectric materials is being broadly adopted to enhance functionalities in silicon photonic integrated circuits(PICs).Bonding and transfer printing have been the popular approaches for integration of III–V gain media with silicon PICs.Similar approaches are also being considered for ferroelectrics to enable larger RF modulation bandwidths,higher linearity,lower optical loss integrated optical modulators on chip.In this paper,we review existing integration strategies ofⅢ-Ⅴmaterials and present a route towards hybrid integration of bothⅢ-Ⅴand ferroelectrics on the same chip.We show that adiabatic transformation of the optical mode between hybrid ferroelectric and silicon sections enables efficient transfer of optical modal energies for maximum overlap of the optical mode with the ferroelectric media,similar to approaches adopted to maximize optical overlap with the gain section,thereby reducing lasing thresholds for hybridⅢ-Ⅴintegration with silicon PICs.Preliminary designs are presented to enable a foundry compatible hybrid integration route of diverse functionalities on silicon PICs.展开更多
Dear Editor,COVID-19 lung pathology is characterized by interstitial pneumonia with cell-cell fusion-induced syncytia and extensive tissue damage.1 The correlation between viral fusogenicity and pathogenicity has been...Dear Editor,COVID-19 lung pathology is characterized by interstitial pneumonia with cell-cell fusion-induced syncytia and extensive tissue damage.1 The correlation between viral fusogenicity and pathogenicity has been reported in SARS-CoV-2 variants.2 Compared with the previous Delta or D614G variants,Omicron BA.1 has been proven to be less fusogenic and pathogenic.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071713)the Outstanding Youth Foundation Project of Heilongjiang Province of China(JQ2019C001)。
文摘The global commitment to pivoting to sustainable energy and products calls for technology development to utilize solar energy for hydrogen(H_(2))and value-added chemicals production by biomass photoreforming.Herein,a novel dual-functional marigold-like Zn_(x)Cd_(1-x)S homojunction has been the production of lactic acid with high-yield and H_(2)with high-efficiency by selective glucose photoreforming.The optimized Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S exhibits outstanding H_(2)generation(13.64 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),glucose conversion(96.40%),and lactic acid yield(76.80%),over 272.80 and 19.21 times higher than that of bare ZnS(0.05 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))and CdS(0.71 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))in H_(2)generation,respectively.The marigold-like morphology provides abundant active sites and sufficient substrates accessibility for the photocatalyst,while the specific role of the homojunction formed by hexagonal wurtzite(WZ)and cubic zinc blende(ZB)in photoreforming biomass has been demonstrated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Glucose is converted to lactic acid on the WZ surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S via the photoactive species·O_(2)^(-),while the H_(2)is evolved from protons(H^(+))in H_(2)O on the ZB surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S.This work paves a promising road for the production of sustainable energy and products by integrating photocatalysis and biorefine.
文摘On-chip integration of electronics and photonics have attracted substantial amount of interest in recent decades. Major obstacles to the realization of this integration are size mismatch between electronic and photonic circuits, as well as issues with ever-increasing requirements for energy efficiency, bandwidth, optical loss, and drive voltage. Another important issue is the absence of photonic materials that make such integration commercially possible in foundry-compatible processes. Future integration involves combination of various materials and platforms. During the last decade there has been an increasing interest in exploiting various photonic platforms to overcome these obstacles. Integration of silicon photonics[1–3] with technologies such as plasmonics[4–6], photonic crystal architectures[7], and hybrid materials[8] have been widely pursued for photonic integration.
文摘Hybrid integration ofⅢ-Ⅴand ferroelectric materials is being broadly adopted to enhance functionalities in silicon photonic integrated circuits(PICs).Bonding and transfer printing have been the popular approaches for integration of III–V gain media with silicon PICs.Similar approaches are also being considered for ferroelectrics to enable larger RF modulation bandwidths,higher linearity,lower optical loss integrated optical modulators on chip.In this paper,we review existing integration strategies ofⅢ-Ⅴmaterials and present a route towards hybrid integration of bothⅢ-Ⅴand ferroelectrics on the same chip.We show that adiabatic transformation of the optical mode between hybrid ferroelectric and silicon sections enables efficient transfer of optical modal energies for maximum overlap of the optical mode with the ferroelectric media,similar to approaches adopted to maximize optical overlap with the gain section,thereby reducing lasing thresholds for hybridⅢ-Ⅴintegration with silicon PICs.Preliminary designs are presented to enable a foundry compatible hybrid integration route of diverse functionalities on silicon PICs.
基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z211100002521026).
文摘Dear Editor,COVID-19 lung pathology is characterized by interstitial pneumonia with cell-cell fusion-induced syncytia and extensive tissue damage.1 The correlation between viral fusogenicity and pathogenicity has been reported in SARS-CoV-2 variants.2 Compared with the previous Delta or D614G variants,Omicron BA.1 has been proven to be less fusogenic and pathogenic.
