背景与目的免疫治疗的应用大大改善了肺癌患者的临床结局。很大一部分肺癌患者能从程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1,PD-1)/程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)单抗治疗中获益,然而,仍有一部分耐药患者疗...背景与目的免疫治疗的应用大大改善了肺癌患者的临床结局。很大一部分肺癌患者能从程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1,PD-1)/程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)单抗治疗中获益,然而,仍有一部分耐药患者疗效不佳,临床上迫切需要能早期、便捷识别获益人群的生物标志物。在此,本研究回顾性分析了PD-1抗体治疗对局部晚期无法手术或转移性肺癌患者的疗效,并初步探索了外周血免疫指标与患者临床反应的相关性。方法该单中心研究共纳入2020年3月至2021年12月接受PD-1/PD-L1抗体治疗的ⅢA-Ⅳ期肺癌患者61例,收集PD-1/PD-L1抗体一线或后线治疗的病历数据。检测并分析患者外周血血清中多重Th1和Th2细胞因子水平以及外周血T细胞表型,探索细胞因子水平、T细胞表型等和患者临床反应之间的关系。结果入组患者均完成至少2个周期PD-1/PD-L1单抗治疗。其中,42例(68.9%)患者获得部分缓解(partial response,PR),7例(11.5%)患者疾病稳定(stable disease,SD),12例(19.7%)患者疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)。治疗前,疾病控制(disease control rate,DCR)组(有效组)患者外周血干扰素γ(interferon gamma,IFN-γ)(P=0.023)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)(P=0.007)和白介素5(interleukin 5,IL-5)(P=0.002)水平高于PD组(无效组)患者。此外,PD-1/PD-L1抗体治疗后外周血淋巴细胞绝对计数的减少与疾病进展有关联(P=0.023)。治疗后血清中IL-5(P=0.0027)和IL-10(P=0.0208)水平较治疗前明显升高。结论肺癌患者外周血血清IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-5水平在预测抗PD-1阻断治疗临床疗效方面有一定的作用,肺癌患者外周血淋巴细胞绝对计数的减少与疾病进展有一定相关性,还需要大型前瞻性研究进一步阐明这些生物标志物的价值。展开更多
When subchondral bone defects are present in osteochondral lesions of the talus(OCLT),it is inconclusive whether to allow early weightbearing after microfracture treatment because of the lack of effective support of t...When subchondral bone defects are present in osteochondral lesions of the talus(OCLT),it is inconclusive whether to allow early weightbearing after microfracture treatment because of the lack of effective support of the newly-formed fibrocartilage.After performing arthroscopic debridement and microfracture treatment on OCLT patients with subchondral bone defects,we allowed patients to have an early postoperative weightbearing exercise to observe their clinical outcome.Forty-two OCLT patients with subchondral bone defects were analyzed.Patients were randomly divided into two groups with 21 patients in each group.After arthroscopic debridement and microfracture treatment,group A was allowed to have early partial weightbearing while weightbearing was delayed in group B.Visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to evaluate joint pain before and after surgery.American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)anklc-hindfoot score was used to evaluate joint function.Tegner activity scale was used to assess patient's exercise level.The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score in group A increased from 54.4 to 87.6,and that in group B increased from 54.9 to 87.3.The VAS score in group A decreased from 6.5 to 2.2,and that in group B decreased from 6.4 to 2.3.The Tegner activity scale increased from 2.6 to 4.4 in group A,and that in group B increased from 2.6 to 3.9.There was significant difference in the Tegner activity scale between group A and group B(P<0.05).It was suggested that when performing microfracture treatmenf on OCLT patients with subchondral bone defects,early postoperative weightbearing may achieve similar clinical outcomes as delayed weightbearing,and patients may be better able to return to sports.展开更多
Filtering capacitor with compact configuration and a wide range of operating voltage has been attracting increasing attention for the smooth conversion of the electric signal in modern circuits.Lossless integration of...Filtering capacitor with compact configuration and a wide range of operating voltage has been attracting increasing attention for the smooth conversion of the electric signal in modern circuits.Lossless integration of capacitor units can be regarded as one of the efficient ways to achieve a wider voltage range,which has not yet been fully conquered due to the lack of rational designs of the electrode structure and integration technology.This study presents an alternatingly stacked assemble technology to conveniently fabricate compact aqueous hybrid integrated filtering capacitors on a large scale,in which a unit consists of rGO/MXene composite film as a negative electrode and PEDOT:PSS based film as a positive electrode.Benefiting from the synergistic effect of rGO and MXene components,and morphological characteristics of PEDOT:PSS,the capacitor unit exhibits outstanding AC line filtering with a large areal specific energy density of 1,015 μF V^(2)cm^(-2)(0.28 μW h cm^(-2)) at 120 Hz.After rational integration,the assembled capacitors present compact/lightweight configuration and lossless frequency response,as reflected by almost constant resistor-capacitor time constant of 0.2 ms and dissipation factor of 15% at120 Hz,identical to those of the single capacitor unit.Apart from standing alone steadily on a flower,a small volume(only 8.1 cm^(3)) of the integrated capacitor with 70 units connected in series achieves hundred-volts alternating current line filtering,which is superior to most reported filtering capacitors with sandwich configuration.This study provides insight into the fabrication and application of compact/ultralight filtering capacitors with lossless frequency response,and a wide range of operating voltage.展开更多
The effects of an external electric field on the structure and stability of the nitrogen hydrate confined in a single-walled carbon nanotube(CNT)were studied by using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.It was found tha...The effects of an external electric field on the structure and stability of the nitrogen hydrate confined in a single-walled carbon nanotube(CNT)were studied by using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.It was found that the structure of the nitrogen hydrate,the occupancy and distribution of the nitrogen molecules inside the nanotube depend sensitively on the direction of the external electric field.A parallel electric field can destabilize the nitrogen hydrate and cause the release of nitrogen molecules from the ice nanotube of the hydrate.While a vertical electric field can redistribute the nitrogen molecules from the core to the shell of the hydrate.The occupancy of the nitrogen molecules of the hydrate follows a sigmoid-like function as the direction of the electric field changes.Our findings may aid in the development of methods to control gas release and encapsulation by using electric fields.展开更多
BACKGROUND This report describes a case of intracranial multiple inflammatory pseudotumors(IP)after endoscopic resection of a craniopharyngioma,which is relatively rarely reported in the literature,and neurosurgeons s...BACKGROUND This report describes a case of intracranial multiple inflammatory pseudotumors(IP)after endoscopic resection of a craniopharyngioma,which is relatively rarely reported in the literature,and neurosurgeons should be aware of its existence.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of a 56-year-old man who developed decreased visual acuity and blurred vision without obvious cause or inducement on April 27,2020.To seek further treatment,he went to the Department of Neurosurgery,Clinical Medical College,Yangzhou University.After falling ill,there was no nausea,vomiting,limb convulsions,obvious disturbance of consciousness,speech disorders,cough,or persistent fever.The neurological examination findings were normal,and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed multiple nodules with abnormal signals in the sellar region.The diagnosis was craniopharyngioma.We performed total resection of the tumor via transnasal endoscopy,and the postoperative pathology suggested that the type of tumor was craniopharyngioma.Six months after the operation,the patient experienced sudden hearing loss in the right ear,tinnitus in both ears,and numbness on the right side of the face and head.Meanwhile,cranial MRI showed multiple IP.After steroid hormone and anti-inflammatory therapy,the above symptoms did not significantly improve.Finally,the patient's symptoms were well improved by surgery,and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was multiple IP.CONCLUSION Intracranial inflammatory pseudotumor is a benign disease with slow progression,but the clinical symptoms and imaging findings are not typical,there are no pathological findings,and the diagnosis is relatively difficult.Most of the cases are treated by surgical resection,and the prognosis is good after surgery.展开更多
文摘When subchondral bone defects are present in osteochondral lesions of the talus(OCLT),it is inconclusive whether to allow early weightbearing after microfracture treatment because of the lack of effective support of the newly-formed fibrocartilage.After performing arthroscopic debridement and microfracture treatment on OCLT patients with subchondral bone defects,we allowed patients to have an early postoperative weightbearing exercise to observe their clinical outcome.Forty-two OCLT patients with subchondral bone defects were analyzed.Patients were randomly divided into two groups with 21 patients in each group.After arthroscopic debridement and microfracture treatment,group A was allowed to have early partial weightbearing while weightbearing was delayed in group B.Visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to evaluate joint pain before and after surgery.American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)anklc-hindfoot score was used to evaluate joint function.Tegner activity scale was used to assess patient's exercise level.The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score in group A increased from 54.4 to 87.6,and that in group B increased from 54.9 to 87.3.The VAS score in group A decreased from 6.5 to 2.2,and that in group B decreased from 6.4 to 2.3.The Tegner activity scale increased from 2.6 to 4.4 in group A,and that in group B increased from 2.6 to 3.9.There was significant difference in the Tegner activity scale between group A and group B(P<0.05).It was suggested that when performing microfracture treatmenf on OCLT patients with subchondral bone defects,early postoperative weightbearing may achieve similar clinical outcomes as delayed weightbearing,and patients may be better able to return to sports.
基金supported by the NSFC(21805072,22075019,22035005)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1104300)。
文摘Filtering capacitor with compact configuration and a wide range of operating voltage has been attracting increasing attention for the smooth conversion of the electric signal in modern circuits.Lossless integration of capacitor units can be regarded as one of the efficient ways to achieve a wider voltage range,which has not yet been fully conquered due to the lack of rational designs of the electrode structure and integration technology.This study presents an alternatingly stacked assemble technology to conveniently fabricate compact aqueous hybrid integrated filtering capacitors on a large scale,in which a unit consists of rGO/MXene composite film as a negative electrode and PEDOT:PSS based film as a positive electrode.Benefiting from the synergistic effect of rGO and MXene components,and morphological characteristics of PEDOT:PSS,the capacitor unit exhibits outstanding AC line filtering with a large areal specific energy density of 1,015 μF V^(2)cm^(-2)(0.28 μW h cm^(-2)) at 120 Hz.After rational integration,the assembled capacitors present compact/lightweight configuration and lossless frequency response,as reflected by almost constant resistor-capacitor time constant of 0.2 ms and dissipation factor of 15% at120 Hz,identical to those of the single capacitor unit.Apart from standing alone steadily on a flower,a small volume(only 8.1 cm^(3)) of the integrated capacitor with 70 units connected in series achieves hundred-volts alternating current line filtering,which is superior to most reported filtering capacitors with sandwich configuration.This study provides insight into the fabrication and application of compact/ultralight filtering capacitors with lossless frequency response,and a wide range of operating voltage.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11875237).
文摘The effects of an external electric field on the structure and stability of the nitrogen hydrate confined in a single-walled carbon nanotube(CNT)were studied by using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.It was found that the structure of the nitrogen hydrate,the occupancy and distribution of the nitrogen molecules inside the nanotube depend sensitively on the direction of the external electric field.A parallel electric field can destabilize the nitrogen hydrate and cause the release of nitrogen molecules from the ice nanotube of the hydrate.While a vertical electric field can redistribute the nitrogen molecules from the core to the shell of the hydrate.The occupancy of the nitrogen molecules of the hydrate follows a sigmoid-like function as the direction of the electric field changes.Our findings may aid in the development of methods to control gas release and encapsulation by using electric fields.
文摘BACKGROUND This report describes a case of intracranial multiple inflammatory pseudotumors(IP)after endoscopic resection of a craniopharyngioma,which is relatively rarely reported in the literature,and neurosurgeons should be aware of its existence.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of a 56-year-old man who developed decreased visual acuity and blurred vision without obvious cause or inducement on April 27,2020.To seek further treatment,he went to the Department of Neurosurgery,Clinical Medical College,Yangzhou University.After falling ill,there was no nausea,vomiting,limb convulsions,obvious disturbance of consciousness,speech disorders,cough,or persistent fever.The neurological examination findings were normal,and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed multiple nodules with abnormal signals in the sellar region.The diagnosis was craniopharyngioma.We performed total resection of the tumor via transnasal endoscopy,and the postoperative pathology suggested that the type of tumor was craniopharyngioma.Six months after the operation,the patient experienced sudden hearing loss in the right ear,tinnitus in both ears,and numbness on the right side of the face and head.Meanwhile,cranial MRI showed multiple IP.After steroid hormone and anti-inflammatory therapy,the above symptoms did not significantly improve.Finally,the patient's symptoms were well improved by surgery,and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was multiple IP.CONCLUSION Intracranial inflammatory pseudotumor is a benign disease with slow progression,but the clinical symptoms and imaging findings are not typical,there are no pathological findings,and the diagnosis is relatively difficult.Most of the cases are treated by surgical resection,and the prognosis is good after surgery.
