Analysis of Rice Grain Quality-Associated Quantitative Trait Loci by Using Genetic Mapping

The main objective of this research was to identify quantitative trait loci associated with rice qualities to provide reliable information for marker-assisted selection and development of new varieties. In total, 120 doubled haploid (DH) lines developed by another culture from the F1 hybrid of a cross between “Cheongcheong”, a Tongil variety, and “Nagdong”, a japonica variety, were used. A microsatellite linkage map of 222 markers spanned 2082.4 centimorgans (cM) and covered 12 rice chromosomes with an average interval of 9.4cM between markers. Eight quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were associated with rice quality, consisting of two QTLs on chromosomes 1 and 9 for amylose content;three QTLs on chromosomes 8, 9, and 10 for protein content;and three QTLs on chromosomes 2, 3, and 6 for lipid content. PCR expression levels measured using the SSR markers RM23914 for proteins and RM6266 for lipids, and RM586 showed a higher degree of amplification. The present study should be useful for improving the nutritional quality of rice by means of marker-assisted selection.

Detecting IoT Botnet in 5G Core Network Using Machine Learning

As Internet of Things(IoT)devices with security issues are connected to 5G mobile networks,the importance of IoT Botnet detection research in mobile network environments is increasing.However,the existing research focused on AI-based IoT Botnet detection research in wired network environments.In addition,the existing research related to IoT Botnet detection in ML-based mobile network environments have been conducted up to 4G.Therefore,this paper conducts a study on ML-based IoT Botnet traffic detection in the 5G core network.The binary and multiclass classification was performed to compare simple normal/malicious detection and normal/threetype IoT Botnet malware detection.In both classification methods,the IoT Botnet detection performance using only 5GC’s GTP-U packets decreased by at least 22.99%of accuracy compared to detection in wired network environment.In addition,by conducting a feature importance experiment,the importance of feature study for IoT Botnet detection considering 5GC network characteristics was confirmed.Since this paper analyzed IoT botnet traffic passing through the 5GC network using ML and presented detection results,think it will be meaningful as a reference for research to link AI-based security to the 5GC network.

Augmenting freshwater availability in mountain headwater streams:Assessing the sustainability under baseline and future climate change scenarios

Mountain headwater streams are important freshwater sources,but they are mostly intermittent and highly susceptible to climate change.This paper examines the sustainability of augmented freshwater availability in mountain headwater streams for water supply under baseline and future climate change scenarios using an integrated modeling approach.The climate change data in the 2040s(2030e2059),under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios,were downscaled for the impact assessment.In the region,climate change raises the average precipitation by 5e7%and the temperature by 13e15%in the 2040s.SWATeMODFLOW model,integrating Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT2012)and finite-difference Modular Groundwater Flow(MODFLOW)models in a single package,was used to assess the water balance.Results show that extracting a minimum of 16.2 m^(3)/day from the sand storage and 30 m^(3)/day from the aquifer was possible without affecting the groundwater table and water yield.The average annual catchment recharge was 6%of the precipitation under the baseline simulation.Climate change is projected to reduce the average water yield and groundwater recharge by 26%and 19%,respectively.However,the water supply-demand is significantly small compared to the exploitable rate of water in the area.This study was based on limited data,and therefore the findings need to be interpreted with caution,though the model output was validated using satellite products.Construction of a series of sand dams is suggested to maximize the benefit under the potential climate change and water supply-demand increase.