Effect of heat-activated nickel-titanium arch wire for orthodontic treatment on local tissue inflammation and bone destruction

Objective:To study the effect of heat-activated nickel-titanium arch wire for orthodontic treatment on local tissue inflammation and bone destruction.Methods:Patients who received orthodontic treatment with nickel-titanium arch wire in Hancheng People's Hospital between March 2012 and October 2017 were retrospectively studied, and according to the nickel-titanium arch wire materials in history data, the patients were divided into the experimental group who used heat-activated nickel-titanium arch wire and the control group who used common nickel-titanium arch wire. 1 week after treatment, the gingival crevicular fluid was collected to determine the contents of inflammatory cytokines as well as the mRNA expression of osteoblast markers and osteoclast markers.Results: 1 week after treatment, IL-1α, IL-1β, sTREM1 and HMGB1 contents as well as RANKL, 5-LOX, LTB4, TRACP5b and ODF mRNA expression in gingival crevicular fluid of experimental group were significantly lower than those of control group whereas OPG, Wnt3a, Runx2, OC, ALP and OCIF mRNA expression were significantly higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Heat-activated nickel-titanium arch wire for orthodontic treatment can be more effective than common nickel-titanium arch wire to reduce the local tissue inflammation and inhibit the bone destruction.

Bile-ology: from bench to bedside

Bile acids(BAs)are originally known as detergents essential for the digestion and absorption of lipids.In recent years,extensive research has unveiled new functions of BAs as gut hormones that modulate physiological and pathological processes,including glucose and lipid metabolism,energy expenditure,inflammation,tumorigenesis,cardiovascular disease,and even the central nervous system in addition to cholesterol homeostasis,enterohepatic protection and liver regeneration.BAs are closely linked with gut microbiota which might explain some of their crucial roles in organs.The signaling actions of BAs can also be mediated through specific nuclear receptors and membranebound G protein-coupled receptors.Several pharmacological agents or bariatric surgeries have demonstrated efficacious therapeutic effects on metabolic diseases through targeting BA signaling.In this mini-review,we summarize recent advances in bile-ology,focusing on its translational studies.