Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection of the central nervous system(CNS)has attracted significant attention because it contributes to severe complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)and seriously ...Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection of the central nervous system(CNS)has attracted significant attention because it contributes to severe complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)and seriously impairs the life quality of infected patients.In this review,we briefly describe the latent infection of HIV in CNS and focus on the role of the important immune cells,such as T cells,in the formation and maintenance of the HIV reservoir in CNS.This review explores the mechanisms by which T cells enter CNS and establish latent infection of HIV in the CNS.In conclusion,we summarize the role of these cells in the interaction between HIV and CNS.With our better understanding of the underlying mechanisms,we propose future directions for the development of novel strategies to eliminate HIV reservoirs in the CNS based on cellular components.展开更多
To deal with the invalidation of commonly employed series model and parallel model in capacitance-voltage(C-V)characterization of organic thin films when current injection is significant,a three-element equivalent cir...To deal with the invalidation of commonly employed series model and parallel model in capacitance-voltage(C-V)characterization of organic thin films when current injection is significant,a three-element equivalent circuit model is proposed.On this basis,the expression of real capacitance in consideration of current injection is theoretically derived by small-signal analysis method.The validity of the proposed equivalent circuit and theoretical expression are verified by a simulating circuit consisting of a capacitor,a diode,and a resistor.Moreover,the accurate C-V characteristic of an organic thin film device is obtained via theoretical correction of the experimental measuring result,and the real capacitance is 35.7%higher than the directly measured capacitance at 5-V bias in the parallel mode.This work strongly demonstrates the necessity to consider current injection in C-V measurement and provides a strategy for accurate C-V characterization experimentally.展开更多
BACKGROUND ： Recent researches indicate that activation of potassium channel is likely to cause many kinds of cells to proliferate and differentiate; using chemical to block the potassium channel can restrain the pro...BACKGROUND ： Recent researches indicate that activation of potassium channel is likely to cause many kinds of cells to proliferate and differentiate; using chemical to block the potassium channel can restrain the proliferation of small lung-cancer cells, breast cancer, prostate cancer and human lymphocyte, etc. Previous researches proved that resveratrol （RE）, a selective estrogen receptor modulator （SERM）, could inhibit growth of GH3 cells, induce apoptosis, and resist tumor through interfering K^＋ channel. OBJECTIVE ： To investigate the effects of RE on voltage-dependent K^＋ current GH3 pituitary-tumor cells, DESIGN： Observational contrast study SETTING ： Department of Neurosurgery, the First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University; Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University. MATERIALS： GH3 pituitary-tumor cell line of rats was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection （ATCC）. RE and [3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide] （MTT） were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, USA; Ham＇s F-10 medium from Gibco BRL; Equine serum and fetal bovine serum from Hyclone Laboratones, Logan, UT; FACSCalibur flow cytometer from BD Company, USA, RE was dissolved in ethanol and stored at -20 ℃, It was diluted to different concentrations （10, 50, 100 μmol/L） with medium and extra cellular solution when needed, The final concentration of ethanol was less than 0.01%.METHODS： The experiment was carded out in the Department of Microbiology and Pharmacology of Harbin Medical University from March 2005 to January 2006, （1） Cell preparation： Proliferating indexes affected by 10, 50 and 100 μmol/L RE were measured with MTT, respectively. 0.000 1 volume fraction of ethanol was added into control group. Inhibitory rate of cellular growth was calculated as the following formula： Inhibitory rate （%） = （1 - A value in experimental group/A value in control group）×100%, The expenments mentioned above were done for 3 times, （2） Cell cycle with flow cytometry： Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were measured in RE groups （affected by RE in various concentrations） and control group （affected by 0.000 1 volume fraction of ethanol） with flow cytometry, （3） Whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiological recording： The GH3 cells were used for experiment when adhesion was well to the bottom with continuously flush of Ca^2＋-free Tyrode＇s solution at 3 mL/min after 48 hours incubation in 3.5 cm diameter plate. The potassium current and resting potential of the same cell without RE and with different concentrations of RE were recorded with the whole cell voltage-clamp method and current-clamp method. Cells before adding medicines were regarded as in control group; otherwise in expenmental group. （4） Statistical analysis： The differences between different treatment groups were determined by the analysis of variance and t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： Effect of RE in different concentrations on cell proliferation, distribution of cell cycle, and IK（V） in GH3 cell. RESULTS ： （1） Influence of RE in different concentrations on the proliferation of GH3 cell： MTT assay showed the cell growth suppression rate was 44.6%, 52.3%, 61.9% respectively at the dose of 10 μ mol/L. 50 μ mol/L and 100 μmol/L and had a dose-effect relationship after 3 days incubation with RE, They were statistically significant in comparison with the cells without treatment of RE （P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）. （2） Influence of RE on GH3 cell proliferating cycle： Flow cytometry results revealed all cells with treatment of RE were blocked in the G0/G1 stage of cell cycle. The cell proportion in the S and GEM stage decreased significantly. There was positive correlation existed between effects of RE and RE concentration, There was significant difference as compared with control group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. （3） Influence of RE on the voltage-dependent K^＋ current and membrane resting potential of GH3 cell： The voltage-dependent extroversion K^＋ current [IK（V）] was recorded in control group; apparently IK（V） decrease in 50 μ mol/L and 100 μ mol/L RE groups; no changes of IK（V） in 10 μmol/L RE group. The IK（V） value changed from （1 250±62） pA to （93±39） pA （P 〈 0. 05） when 50 μ mol/L RE was added.CONCLUSION ： The anti-proliferative activity of RE may be partially explained by blockade of voltage-dependent K^＋ channel present in GH3 cells; meanwhile, the effect is characterized by dosage dependence,展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Healthcare workers(HCWs)and previously infected patients(PIPs)may experience a wave of epidemic following the modification of the country’s coronavirus disease(COVID)-ze...Summary What is already known about this topic?Healthcare workers(HCWs)and previously infected patients(PIPs)may experience a wave of epidemic following the modification of the country’s coronavirus disease(COVID)-zero policy in China.What is added by this report?As of early January 2023,the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among HCWs had effectively subsided,with no statistically significant differences observed in infection rates compared to those of their co-occupants.The proportion of reinfections among PIPs was relatively low,particularly in those with recent infections.What are the implications for public health practice?Medical and health services have resumed normal operations.For patients who have recently experienced severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infections,appropriate relaxation of policies may be considered.展开更多
Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)tend to accumulate in adipose tissue and induce toxicity due to their high lipophilicity and persistence.Tuna play an important role in the ocean food web and human diet.PCBs can damage ...Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)tend to accumulate in adipose tissue and induce toxicity due to their high lipophilicity and persistence.Tuna play an important role in the ocean food web and human diet.PCBs can damage the growth of tuna directly and have some adverse effects on human indirectly.This review aims to provide geographic variations,bioaccumulation factors and the toxic effects of PCBs in tuna.PCB levels found were varied significantly among the different regions and it showed a trend of offshore greater than pelagic,with the northern hemisphere higher than the southern hemisphere.The highest PCB concentration of tuna was in FAO area 37.Nearly all of the specimens presented similar domain configuration,while their concentrations varied significantly.PCB congeners and concentrations in tuna were affected by a vast of factors,such as geographical distribution,tissue types,trophic level and growth stage,gender,tuna species and physical and chemical properties of PCBs.They can damage reproductive,neurologic and development systems.This review gives a systematic insight into PCBs in tuna and highlights the more attention should be paid to the long-term changes of PCBs in tuna and oceans.There is also a need to strengthen the assessment of PCB impacts on tuna ecology.展开更多
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER2）, also known as Neu, ErbB-2, CD340 or p185, plays a significant role in the devdopment and progression of certain aggressive types of breast cancer. Recently, HER2 has ...Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER2）, also known as Neu, ErbB-2, CD340 or p185, plays a significant role in the devdopment and progression of certain aggressive types of breast cancer. Recently, HER2 has become an important biomarker and therapeutic target for approximately 30% of breast cancer patients.展开更多
基金funded by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program(Nos.JCYJ20210324131607019,KCXFZ20211020163544002).
文摘Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection of the central nervous system(CNS)has attracted significant attention because it contributes to severe complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)and seriously impairs the life quality of infected patients.In this review,we briefly describe the latent infection of HIV in CNS and focus on the role of the important immune cells,such as T cells,in the formation and maintenance of the HIV reservoir in CNS.This review explores the mechanisms by which T cells enter CNS and establish latent infection of HIV in the CNS.In conclusion,we summarize the role of these cells in the interaction between HIV and CNS.With our better understanding of the underlying mechanisms,we propose future directions for the development of novel strategies to eliminate HIV reservoirs in the CNS based on cellular components.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11874007 and 12074076).
文摘To deal with the invalidation of commonly employed series model and parallel model in capacitance-voltage(C-V)characterization of organic thin films when current injection is significant,a three-element equivalent circuit model is proposed.On this basis,the expression of real capacitance in consideration of current injection is theoretically derived by small-signal analysis method.The validity of the proposed equivalent circuit and theoretical expression are verified by a simulating circuit consisting of a capacitor,a diode,and a resistor.Moreover,the accurate C-V characteristic of an organic thin film device is obtained via theoretical correction of the experimental measuring result,and the real capacitance is 35.7%higher than the directly measured capacitance at 5-V bias in the parallel mode.This work strongly demonstrates the necessity to consider current injection in C-V measurement and provides a strategy for accurate C-V characterization experimentally.
基金the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China, No, 306000204 the Medical Science and Technology Foun-dation of Heilongjiang Province,No. QC05C32+2 种基金 the Medical Sci-ence and Technology Founda-tion of Heilongjiang Department of Education, No. 10551189the Medical Science and Tech-nology Foundation of Harbin City, No. 2005AFQXJ067 Re-search Fund of China Postdoc-tor, No. 2005038212
文摘BACKGROUND ： Recent researches indicate that activation of potassium channel is likely to cause many kinds of cells to proliferate and differentiate; using chemical to block the potassium channel can restrain the proliferation of small lung-cancer cells, breast cancer, prostate cancer and human lymphocyte, etc. Previous researches proved that resveratrol （RE）, a selective estrogen receptor modulator （SERM）, could inhibit growth of GH3 cells, induce apoptosis, and resist tumor through interfering K^＋ channel. OBJECTIVE ： To investigate the effects of RE on voltage-dependent K^＋ current GH3 pituitary-tumor cells, DESIGN： Observational contrast study SETTING ： Department of Neurosurgery, the First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University; Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University. MATERIALS： GH3 pituitary-tumor cell line of rats was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection （ATCC）. RE and [3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide] （MTT） were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, USA; Ham＇s F-10 medium from Gibco BRL; Equine serum and fetal bovine serum from Hyclone Laboratones, Logan, UT; FACSCalibur flow cytometer from BD Company, USA, RE was dissolved in ethanol and stored at -20 ℃, It was diluted to different concentrations （10, 50, 100 μmol/L） with medium and extra cellular solution when needed, The final concentration of ethanol was less than 0.01%.METHODS： The experiment was carded out in the Department of Microbiology and Pharmacology of Harbin Medical University from March 2005 to January 2006, （1） Cell preparation： Proliferating indexes affected by 10, 50 and 100 μmol/L RE were measured with MTT, respectively. 0.000 1 volume fraction of ethanol was added into control group. Inhibitory rate of cellular growth was calculated as the following formula： Inhibitory rate （%） = （1 - A value in experimental group/A value in control group）×100%, The expenments mentioned above were done for 3 times, （2） Cell cycle with flow cytometry： Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were measured in RE groups （affected by RE in various concentrations） and control group （affected by 0.000 1 volume fraction of ethanol） with flow cytometry, （3） Whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiological recording： The GH3 cells were used for experiment when adhesion was well to the bottom with continuously flush of Ca^2＋-free Tyrode＇s solution at 3 mL/min after 48 hours incubation in 3.5 cm diameter plate. The potassium current and resting potential of the same cell without RE and with different concentrations of RE were recorded with the whole cell voltage-clamp method and current-clamp method. Cells before adding medicines were regarded as in control group; otherwise in expenmental group. （4） Statistical analysis： The differences between different treatment groups were determined by the analysis of variance and t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： Effect of RE in different concentrations on cell proliferation, distribution of cell cycle, and IK（V） in GH3 cell. RESULTS ： （1） Influence of RE in different concentrations on the proliferation of GH3 cell： MTT assay showed the cell growth suppression rate was 44.6%, 52.3%, 61.9% respectively at the dose of 10 μ mol/L. 50 μ mol/L and 100 μmol/L and had a dose-effect relationship after 3 days incubation with RE, They were statistically significant in comparison with the cells without treatment of RE （P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）. （2） Influence of RE on GH3 cell proliferating cycle： Flow cytometry results revealed all cells with treatment of RE were blocked in the G0/G1 stage of cell cycle. The cell proportion in the S and GEM stage decreased significantly. There was positive correlation existed between effects of RE and RE concentration, There was significant difference as compared with control group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. （3） Influence of RE on the voltage-dependent K^＋ current and membrane resting potential of GH3 cell： The voltage-dependent extroversion K^＋ current [IK（V）] was recorded in control group; apparently IK（V） decrease in 50 μ mol/L and 100 μ mol/L RE groups; no changes of IK（V） in 10 μmol/L RE group. The IK（V） value changed from （1 250±62） pA to （93±39） pA （P 〈 0. 05） when 50 μ mol/L RE was added.CONCLUSION ： The anti-proliferative activity of RE may be partially explained by blockade of voltage-dependent K^＋ channel present in GH3 cells; meanwhile, the effect is characterized by dosage dependence,
基金Supported by Jiangsu Medical Innovation Team(CXTDB2017015)Taizhou People’s Hospital Medical Innovation Team Foundation(CXTDA201901,CXTDA201904,Class A)Taizhou People's Hospital Scientific Research Foundation(ZL202020,Vaccination).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Healthcare workers(HCWs)and previously infected patients(PIPs)may experience a wave of epidemic following the modification of the country’s coronavirus disease(COVID)-zero policy in China.What is added by this report?As of early January 2023,the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among HCWs had effectively subsided,with no statistically significant differences observed in infection rates compared to those of their co-occupants.The proportion of reinfections among PIPs was relatively low,particularly in those with recent infections.What are the implications for public health practice?Medical and health services have resumed normal operations.For patients who have recently experienced severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infections,appropriate relaxation of policies may be considered.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.41806126)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M653101).
文摘Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)tend to accumulate in adipose tissue and induce toxicity due to their high lipophilicity and persistence.Tuna play an important role in the ocean food web and human diet.PCBs can damage the growth of tuna directly and have some adverse effects on human indirectly.This review aims to provide geographic variations,bioaccumulation factors and the toxic effects of PCBs in tuna.PCB levels found were varied significantly among the different regions and it showed a trend of offshore greater than pelagic,with the northern hemisphere higher than the southern hemisphere.The highest PCB concentration of tuna was in FAO area 37.Nearly all of the specimens presented similar domain configuration,while their concentrations varied significantly.PCB congeners and concentrations in tuna were affected by a vast of factors,such as geographical distribution,tissue types,trophic level and growth stage,gender,tuna species and physical and chemical properties of PCBs.They can damage reproductive,neurologic and development systems.This review gives a systematic insight into PCBs in tuna and highlights the more attention should be paid to the long-term changes of PCBs in tuna and oceans.There is also a need to strengthen the assessment of PCB impacts on tuna ecology.
文摘Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER2）, also known as Neu, ErbB-2, CD340 or p185, plays a significant role in the devdopment and progression of certain aggressive types of breast cancer. Recently, HER2 has become an important biomarker and therapeutic target for approximately 30% of breast cancer patients.
