Dear Editor, We are writing to present two case reports on primary conjunctival tuberculosis(TB)in twomiddle-aged women.TB is an airborne communicable disease and is identified as the second leading cause of death fro...Dear Editor, We are writing to present two case reports on primary conjunctival tuberculosis(TB)in twomiddle-aged women.TB is an airborne communicable disease and is identified as the second leading cause of death from infectious disease worldwide^([1]). TB primarily affects the lung,butmay also affects extrapulmonary organs, including the eye^([2]).展开更多
Background:World Health Organization recommends countries introducing new drug and short treatment regimen for drug resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB)should develop and implement a system for active pharmacovigilance that ...Background:World Health Organization recommends countries introducing new drug and short treatment regimen for drug resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB)should develop and implement a system for active pharmacovigilance that allows for detection,reporting and management of adverse events.The aim of the study is to evaluate the frequency and severity of adverse events(AEs)of bedaquiline-containing regimen in a cohort of Chinese patients with multidrug-resistant(MDR)/extensively drug-resistant(XDR)-TB based on active drug safety monitoring(aDSM)system of New Drug Introduction and Protection Program(NDIP).展开更多
Background:Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) has been used in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and TB diagnosis,but the results from different high TB-endemic countries are different.The aim of this study w...Background:Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) has been used in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and TB diagnosis,but the results from different high TB-endemic countries are different.The aim of this study was to investigate the value of IGRA in the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB (PTB) in China.Methods:We conducted a large-scale retrospective multicenter investigation to further evaluate the role of IGRA in the diagnosis of active PTB in high TB-epidemic populations and the factors affecting the performance of the assay.All patients who underwent valid T-SPOT.TB assays from December 2012 to November 2015 in six large-scale specialized TB hospitals in China and met the study criteria were retrospectively evaluated.Patients were divided into three groups:Group 1,sputum culture-positive PTB patients,confirmed by positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum culture;Group 2,sputum culture-negative PTB patients;and Group 3,non-TB respiratory diseases.The medical records of all patients were collected.Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical data.Multivariable logistic analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the results of T-SPOT in TB patients and other factors.Results:A total of 3082 patients for whom complete information was available were included in the investigation,including 905 sputum culture-positive PTB cases,914 sputum cultmre-negative PTB cases,and 1263 non-TB respiratory disease cases.The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 93.3% in the culture-positive PTB group and 86.1% in the culture-negative PTB group.In the non-PTB group,the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 43.6%.The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB in the culture-positive PTB group was significantly higher than that in the culture-negative PTB group (x2 =25.118,P 〈 0.01),which in turn was significantly higher than that in the non-TB group (x2 =566.l 16,P 〈 0.01).The overall results were as follows:sensitivity,89.7%;specificity,56.37%;positive predictive value,74.75%;negative predictive value,79.11%;and accuracy,76.02%.Conclusions:High false-positive rates of T-SPOT.TB assays in the non-TB group limit the usefulness as a single test to diagnose active TB in China.We highly recommend that IGRAs not be used for the diagnosis of active TB in high-burden TB settings.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor, We are writing to present two case reports on primary conjunctival tuberculosis(TB)in twomiddle-aged women.TB is an airborne communicable disease and is identified as the second leading cause of death from infectious disease worldwide^([1]). TB primarily affects the lung,butmay also affects extrapulmonary organs, including the eye^([2]).
文摘Background:World Health Organization recommends countries introducing new drug and short treatment regimen for drug resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB)should develop and implement a system for active pharmacovigilance that allows for detection,reporting and management of adverse events.The aim of the study is to evaluate the frequency and severity of adverse events(AEs)of bedaquiline-containing regimen in a cohort of Chinese patients with multidrug-resistant(MDR)/extensively drug-resistant(XDR)-TB based on active drug safety monitoring(aDSM)system of New Drug Introduction and Protection Program(NDIP).
文摘Background:Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) has been used in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and TB diagnosis,but the results from different high TB-endemic countries are different.The aim of this study was to investigate the value of IGRA in the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB (PTB) in China.Methods:We conducted a large-scale retrospective multicenter investigation to further evaluate the role of IGRA in the diagnosis of active PTB in high TB-epidemic populations and the factors affecting the performance of the assay.All patients who underwent valid T-SPOT.TB assays from December 2012 to November 2015 in six large-scale specialized TB hospitals in China and met the study criteria were retrospectively evaluated.Patients were divided into three groups:Group 1,sputum culture-positive PTB patients,confirmed by positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum culture;Group 2,sputum culture-negative PTB patients;and Group 3,non-TB respiratory diseases.The medical records of all patients were collected.Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical data.Multivariable logistic analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the results of T-SPOT in TB patients and other factors.Results:A total of 3082 patients for whom complete information was available were included in the investigation,including 905 sputum culture-positive PTB cases,914 sputum cultmre-negative PTB cases,and 1263 non-TB respiratory disease cases.The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 93.3% in the culture-positive PTB group and 86.1% in the culture-negative PTB group.In the non-PTB group,the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 43.6%.The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB in the culture-positive PTB group was significantly higher than that in the culture-negative PTB group (x2 =25.118,P 〈 0.01),which in turn was significantly higher than that in the non-TB group (x2 =566.l 16,P 〈 0.01).The overall results were as follows:sensitivity,89.7%;specificity,56.37%;positive predictive value,74.75%;negative predictive value,79.11%;and accuracy,76.02%.Conclusions:High false-positive rates of T-SPOT.TB assays in the non-TB group limit the usefulness as a single test to diagnose active TB in China.We highly recommend that IGRAs not be used for the diagnosis of active TB in high-burden TB settings.