Highly soluble organic nitrate additives for practical lithium metal batteries

The stability of lithium metal anodes essentially dictates the lifespan of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.Lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))is widely recognized as an effective additive to stabilize lithium metal anodes by forming LiN_(x)O_(y)-containing solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).However,its poor solubility in electrolytes,especially ester electrolytes,hinders its applications in lithium metal batteries.Herein,an organic nitrate,isosorbide nitrate(ISDN),is proposed to replace LiNO_(3).ISDNhas a high solubility of 3.3M in ester electrolytes due to the introduction of organic segments in the molecule.The decomposition of ISDN generates LiN_(x)O_(y)-rich SEI,enabling uniform lithium deposition.The lifespan of lithium metal batteries with ISDN significantly increases from 80 to 155 cycles under demanding conditions.Furthermore,a lithium metal pouch cell of 439Whkg^(−1) delivers 50 cycles.This work opens a new avenue to develop additives by molecular modifications for practical lithium metal batteries.

Awareness of initiative practice for health in the Chinese population:A questionnaire survey based on a network platform

BACKGROUND In 2016,the Chinese government issued the Healthy China 2030 plan,which also produced the initiative practice for health(IPFH)concept.However,people’s knowledge and awareness of the IPFH are unclear.AIM To investigate awareness of IPFH in the Chinese population and explore the relevant influential factors.METHODS An internet-based self-designed questionnaire survey was used to collect respondents’demographic characteristics and awareness of health and the IPFH from March 26 to April 18,2020.IPFH consciousness was assessed by the scores for different related questions.The Student’s t test,the Chi-square test,and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the differences and influencing factors.RESULTS A total of 2678 valid questionnaires were collected.Of the respondents,973(36.3%)had heard of the IPFH concept.In addition,89.5% of participants agreed with the view that the IPFH is beneficial to improving quality of life,and over half thought that a regular schedule,a reasonable diet,tobacco and alcohol control,a cheerful mood,specific life goals and plans,taking the initiative to accept health-related education and implement health knowledge,good interpersonal relationships,and regular physical examinations were closely related to the IPFH.The majority of respondents paid attention to their health and usually obtained health-related knowledge via social media and were also willing to promote the IPFH.Most of the participants underestimated the role of hospitals,family doctors,and health managers in promoting the IPFH.Age,monthly income,and medical-related work experience were the influencing factors for IPFH awareness.CONCLUSION The Chinese population has limited knowledge of the IPFH.People with strong IPFH awareness are older,earn more,and have medical-related work experience.

The role of central nervous system on hypoglycemia and the feasibility of the brain theory in traditional Chinese medicine on treatment of diabetes mellitus

The central nervous system （CNS） plays a key regulatory role in glucose homeostasis. In particular, the brain is important in initiating and coordinating protective counterregulatory responses when blood glucose levels fall. This may due to the metabolic dependency of the CNS on glucose, and protection of food supply to the brain. In healthy subjects, blood glucose is normally maintained within a relatively narrow range. Hypoglycemia in diabetic patients can increase the risk of complications, such as heart disease and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The clinical research finds that the use of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a positive effect on the treatment of hypoglycemia. Here the authors reviewed the current understanding of sensing and counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia, and discuss combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine and the theory of iatrogenic hypoglycemia in diabetes treatment. Furthermore, the authors clarify the feasibility of treating hypoglycemia on the basis of TCM theory and CNS and have an insight on its clinical practice.

2D NMR-based MatchNat Dereplication Strategy Enables Explosive Discovery of Novel Diterpenoid Alkaloids

The tribe Delphineae,comprising two genera,Aconitum L.and Delphinium L.,is the richest source of bioactive diterpenoid alkaloids(DAs),while their highly similar chemical structures create a major challenge for dereplication from complex mixture.To solve the inefficient discovery process of natural DAs,a novel dereplication strategy based on pattern recognition of specific heteronuclear multiple bond correlation(HMBC)signals has been established in this study.This strategy utilized the diagnostic signals in the HMBC spectra of C_(19)-DAs,which could indicate the structural categories.The newly designed software MatchNat allowed in silico recognition of C_(19)-DA types.The developed dereplication system was demonstrated to be a practical strategy to dereplicate a variety of natural products from two Delphineae plants,including Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom.and Delphinium pachycentrum Hemsl.Known compounds could be rapidly recognized from the mixture,and novel DAs were found with the aid of MatchNat.Consequently,targeted isolation led to the explosive discovery of a series of novel DAs.This dereplication system has the potential to be adopted for dereplication of any other class of natural products and has shown promising application as a complementary tool in the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of traditional Chinese medicines.

Mechanism,quantitative characterization,and inhibition of corrosion in lithium batteries

Rechargeable lithium batteries with long calendar life are pivotal in the pursuit of non-fossil and wireless society as energy storage devices.However,corrosion has severely plagued the calendar life of lithium batteries.The corrosion in batteries mainly occurs between electrode materials and electrolytes,which results in constant consumption of active materials and electrolytes and finally premature failure of batteries.Therefore,understanding the mechanism of corrosion and developing strategies to inhibit corrosion are imperative for lithium batteries with long calendar life.In this review,different types of corrosion in batteries are summarized and the corresponding corrosion mechanisms are firstly clarified.Secondly,quantitative studies of the loss of lithium in corrosion are reviewed for an in-depth understanding of the mechanism.Thirdly,the recent progress in inhibiting corrosion is demonstrated.Finally,perspectives to further investigate corrosion mechanism and inhibit corrosion are put forward to promote the development of stable lithium batteries.