Implantation-decay method to study the β-delayed charged particle decay

In this paper,the implantation-decay method is introduced to study the β-delayed charged particle decay.A silicon detector array was used for the implantation of the incident beams and for the detection of the emitted particles.An experimental measurement on the β-delayed particle emission from ^(22)Al was used to demonstrate the method.The half-life value,charged particle spectroscopy,γ ray spectrum,and γ particle coincidence for the decay process were obtained and compared with previous experimental results for ^(22)Al.The results show that the implantation-decay method,using a silicon detector array,is a suitable experimental method to study the β-delayed charged particle decay for proton-rich nuclei.

3D laser scanning strategy based on cascaded deep neural network

A 3D laser scanning strategy based on cascaded deep neural network is proposed for the scanning system converted from 2D Lidar with a pitching motion device. The strategy is aimed at moving target detection and monitoring. Combining the device characteristics, the strategy first proposes a cascaded deep neural network, which inputs 2D point cloud, color image and pitching angle. The outputs are target distance and speed classification. And the cross-entropy loss function of network is modified by using focal loss and uniform distribution to improve the recognition accuracy. Then a pitching range and speed model are proposed to determine pitching motion parameters. Finally, the adaptive scanning is realized by integral separate speed PID. The experimental results show that the accuracies of the improved network target detection box, distance and speed classification are 90.17%, 96.87% and 96.97%, respectively. The average speed error of the improved PID is 0.4239°/s, and the average strategy execution time is 0.1521 s.The range and speed model can effectively reduce the collection of useless information and the deformation of the target point cloud. Conclusively, the experimental of overall scanning strategy show that it can improve target point cloud integrity and density while ensuring the capture of target.

Mineral and Bone Disorder and Its Association with Cardiovascular Parameters in Chinese Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background：Mineral and bone disorder （MBD）,especially hyperphosphatemia,is an independently risk factor for adverse prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease （CKD）.However,CKD-MBD among Chinese population was poorly studied.This study aimed to investigate the status of MBD and its association with cardiovascular parameters in Chinese patients with predialysis CKD.Methods：Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease （C-STRIDE） is a prospective multicenter cohort study involving predialysis CKD patients in China.Markers of MBD,including serum phosphorus,calcium,and intact parathyroid hormone,were measured in baseline samples at the patients＆#39; entry.The association between serum phosphorus and abdominal aortic calcification （AAC）,left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） were examined by logistic regression models.Results：Altogether 3194 predialysis patients with mean estimated glomerular filtration of 51.8 ± 33.1 ml·min^- 1· 1.73 m^- 2 were included.The proportion of patients with hyperphosphatemia were 2.6%,2.9%,6.8%,and 27.1% in CKD Stages 3a,3b,4,and 5,respectively.Moreover,71.6% of the patients with hyperphosphatemia did not receive any phosphate-binder （PB）.Lateral abdominal X-rays were obtained in 2280 patients,9.8% of the patients were diagnosed as having AAC.Altogether 2219 patients had data of echocardiography,and 13.2% of them were diagnosed with LVH.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum phosphorus was independently associated with the presence of AAC and LVH.Conclusions：In Chinese patients with CKD,the percentage of hyperphosphatemia is comparable to that of other countries while the usage of PBs is suboptimal.The prevalence of vascular calcification in Chinese patients is relatively lower compared with the Caucasian population.

ncidence, Development, and Prognosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease in China： Design and Methods

Background： Although that glomerulonephritis is the major cause of end-stage renal disease in developing countries such as China, the increasing prevalence of diabetes has contributed to the changing spectrum of predialysis chronic kidney disease. Recent studies have revealed an increased proportion of patients with diabetic kidney disease （DKD） in hemodialysis populations in large cities in China. However, studies regarding the clinical phenotype of DKD in China are extremely limited. The incidence, development, and prognosis of diabetic kidney disease （INDEED） study aims to investigate the incidence, progression, and prognosis of DKD, as well as the associated genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors and biomarkers in patients with DKD in China. Methods： INDEED study is a prospective cohort study based on all participants with diabetes in the Kailuan study, which is a general population-based cohort study in northern China. Altogether, over 10,000 participants with diabetes will be followed biennially. Questionnaires documenting general characteristics, behavioral and environmental factors, and medical history will be administrated. Anthropometric measurements and a series of laboratory tests will be peribrmed in one central laboratory. The DNA, plasma, and urine samples of every participant will be stored in a biobank for future research. Conclusions： INDEED study will provide essential information regarding the clinical phenotype and prognosis of patients with DKD in China and will be valuable to identity factors and biomarkers associated with patients with DKD in China.

T cell infiltration is associated with kidney injury in patients with anti-glomerular basement membrane disease

Cell-mediated autoimmunity, particularly that involving autoreactive T cells, participates in mediating anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) disease. However, direct kidney injury mediated by renal infiltrated T cells has not been clearly elucidated in humans. The T cell profile(CD3, CD4, CD8, IL-17, and foxp3) and macrophage(CD68) were examined by immunohistochemistry on renal biopsy tissues from 13 patients with anti-GBM disease. The correlation between cell infiltration and clinical data was also analyzed. We found that the distribution of T cell infiltration was predominant in the peri-glomerular and interstitial areas. CD3^+ T cell infiltratrion around the glomeruli with cellular crescent formations was significantly higher than that around the glomeruli with mild mesangial proliferation. CD8^+ T cells significantly accumulated around the glomeruli with cellular crescents without Ig G deposits compared to those with Ig G deposits. The prevalence of infiltrating CD8^+ T cells was correlated with the percentage of ruptured Bowman's capsules. In conclusion, cellular immunity may play a crucial role in the inflammatory kidney injury in anti-GBM patients. The periglomerular infiltration of T cells, especially CD8^+ T cells, may participate in the pathogenic mechanism of glomerular damage.

Association between serum uric acid level and mortality in China

Background:Whether there is an association between serum uric acid(SUA)level and risk of mortality in the general population remains unclear.Based on the China National Survey of Chronic Kidney Disease linked to mortality data,a population-based cohort study was performed to investigate the association between SUA level and all-cause mortality,cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality,and cancer mortality in China.Methods:The survival status of participants in the cross-sectional survey was identified from January 1,2006 to December 31,2017.Only 33,268 individuals with complete SUA data among the 47,204 participants were included in the analysis.We determined the rates of all-cause mortality,CVD mortality,and cancer mortality.We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate the effect of the SUA level on mortality.Results:During a total of 297,538.4 person-years of follow-up,1282 deaths occurred.In the Cox proportional hazards regression model,the rate of all-cause mortality,CVD mortality,and cancer mortality had a U-shaped association with SUA levels only in men,whereas no significant associations were detected in women.For all-cause mortality in men,the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios(HRs)in the first,second,and fourth quartiles compared with the third quartile were 1.31(95%confidence interval[CI]1.04–1.67),1.17(95%CI 0.92–1.47),and 1.55(95%CI 1.24–1.93),respectively.For CVD mortality,the corresponding HRs were 1.47(95%CI 1.00–2.18),1.17(95%CI 0.79–1.75),and 1.67(95%CI 1.16–2.43),respectively.For the cancer mortality rate,only a marginally significant association was detected in the fourth quartile compared with the third quartile with an HR of 1.43(95%CI 0.99–2.08).Conclusions:The association between SUA and mortality differed by sex.We demonstrated a U-shaped association with SUA levels for all-cause and CVD mortalities among men in China.

Research on Knowledge Sharing and Transfer in Remanufacturing Engineering Management Based on SECI Model

In this paper, an application mode and method of knowledge management in remanufacturing engineering management is established based on Nonaka's SECI model. The relationships between knowledge transfer,knowledge sharing and remanufacturing engineering management are highlighted. It is noticeable that a great deal of knowledge transfer and sharing activities, which can improve the performance of remanufacturing engineering management constantly, are involved in remanufacturing engineering.

Renin--angiotensin system inhibitor is associated with the reduced risk of all-cause mortality in COVID-19 among patients with/without hypertension

Consecutively hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Wuhan,China were retrospectively enrolled from January 2020 to March 2020 to investigate the association between the use of renin–angiotensin system inhibitor(RAS-I)and the outcome of this disease.Associations between the use of RAS-I(angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI)or angiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)),ACEI,and ARB and in-hospital mortality were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models in overall and subgroup of hypertension status.A total of 2771 patients with COVID-19 were included,with moderate and severe cases accounting for 45.0%and 36.5%,respectively.A total of 195(7.0%)patients died.RAS-I(hazard ratio(HR)=0.499,95%confidence interval(CI)0.325–0.767)and ARB(HR=0.410,95%CI 0.240–0.700)use was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19.For patients with hypertension,RAS-I and ARB applications were also associated with a reduced risk of mortality with HR of 0.352(95%CI 0.162–0.764)and 0.279(95%CI 0.115–0.677),respectively.RAS-I exhibited protective effects on the survival outcome of COVID-19.ARB use was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19.

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of diabetic kidney disease

For the past decades,the rapid growth of economy and transition of lifestyles have led to a rapid rise in the prevalence of diabetes in China.Due to the lack of standard process in prevention and management of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)in China,the Peking University Health Science Center organized experts in fields of nephrology and endocrinology to develop the Chinese consensus statement of DKD.This consensus emphasizes on evidence-based inquiry,and focuses on the following three topics:(1)risk factors of the incidence and progression of DKD;(2)the diagnosis of DKD and indication of renal biopsy;(3)the overall management of DKD.