A Corpus-based Comparative Study of“get-passive”Semantic Prosody

Research on semantic prosody education is playing a vital role in the process of learning English.This research is based on the LOB corpus(Lancaster-Oslo/Bergen corpus)and the IWriteBaby corpus,the core library of the IWrite Chinese English Learner Corpus.Using AntConc 3.5.7,to compare the semantic preference of the collocation words of get in the two corpora that meet the get-passive structure.Aiming to compare the semantic prosody differences between Chinese English learners and native speakers when they use the structure“get-passive”.It mainly focuses on the analysis of neutral collocation terms that have a higher frequency of co-occurrence with get and a mutual information value(I value)which is greater than or equal to 3.The research results show that Chinese English learners tend to have neutral semantic prosody when using this structure,while native speakers tend to prefer negative semantic prosody.With the combination of semantic prosody and corpus method should be attached importance to improve the level of English education.

Tumor-targeted self-assembled micelles reducing PD-L1 expression combined with ICIs to enhance chemo-immunotherapy of TNBC

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)therapy targeting programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)and programmed death protein 1(PD-1)had exhibited significant clinical benefits for cancer treatment such as triple negative breast cancer(TNBC).However,the relatively low anti-tumor immune response rate and ICIs drug resistance highlight the necessity of developing ICIs combination therapy strategies to improve the anti-tumor effect of immunotherapy.Herein,the immunomodulator epigallocatechin gallate palmitate(PEGCG)and the immunoadjuvant metformin(MET)self-assembled into tumor-targeted micelles via hydrogen bond and electrostatic interaction,which encapsulated the therapeutic agents doxorubicin(DOX)-loaded PEGCG-MET micelles(PMD)and combined with ICIs(anti-PD-1 antibody)as therapeutic strategy to reduce the endogenous expression of PD-L1 and improve the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment.The results presented that PMD integrated chemotherapy and immunotherapy to enhance antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo,compared with DOX or anti-PD-1 antibody for the therapy of TNBC.PMD micelles might be a potential candidate,which could remedy the shortcomings of antibody-based ICIs and provide synergistic effect to enhance the antitumor effects of ICIs in tumor therapy.

The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer(CHASE) mission: An overview

The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer(CHASE), dubbed “Xihe”—Goddess of the Sun, was launched on October 14, 2021 as the first solar space mission of China National Space Administration(CNSA). The CHASE mission is designed to test a newly developed satellite platform and to acquire the spectroscopic observations in the Hα waveband. The Hα Imaging Spectrograph(HIS)is the scientific payload of the CHASE satellite. It consists of two observational modes: raster scanning mode and continuum imaging mode. The raster scanning mode obtains full-Sun or region-of-interest spectral images from 6559.7 to 6565.9 ? and from 6567.8 to 6570.6 ? with 0.024 ? pixel spectral resolution and 1 min temporal resolution. The continuum imaging mode obtains photospheric images in continuum around 6689 ? with the full width at half maximum of 13.4 ?. The CHASE mission will advance our understanding of the dynamics of solar activity in the photosphere and chromosphere. In this paper, we present an overview of the CHASE mission including the scientific objectives, HIS instrument overview, data calibration flow, and first results of on-orbit observations.

Rural Informal Taxation in China:Historical Evolution and an Analytic Framework

The present paper examines the historical evolution of China＇s rural taxation system from the pre-reform period to the late 1990s. We propose that because of information asymmetry between the upper-level and the lower-level governments, local governments had to be granted some informal tax autonomy to fulfill the upper-level policy mandates. This easily led to excessive local informal taxation on farmers. As market liberalization of the grain sectorprogressed, the low-cost tax instruments implemented through the traditional approach of implicit taxation gradually eroded. Local governments in agricultural regions had to resort to informal fees collected directly from individual rural households while the more industrialized regions shifted to non-agricultural taxes that are less costly in terms of tax collection. Hence, political tension between farmers and local governments in agriculturebased regions emerged and rural tax reform became necessary.

N-Heterocyclic Carbene-catalyzed Reactions of o-Aminonitriles with Carbonyl Compounds Approach to 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones

A green,efficient and convenient N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed procedure for the synthesis of novel 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivates via condensation of o-aminonitriles and various carbonyl compounds was described.

Perspective on Local Governance Reform in China

This paper is an attempt to present an analysis of China＇s decentralization and local governance practices, the dilemmas rooted in the current institution. We argue that the misbehavior of local government officials is endogenous to China＇s central-local structure and that competition among localities has become distorted and constrained by various policy burdens and development mandates imposed from above. The information asymmetry for the enforcement cost of mandates that exists between central and local governments not only leads to difficulties and distortions in local performance evaluations, but also creates opportunities for local bureaucracy expansion and rent-seeking. Enhancingfiscal transfers, or strengthening political restraint, although necessary, would be far from enough to solve the local governance problems. The ultimate solution entails an in-depth deregulation reform on factor mobility and a furthest eradication of policy mandates for the local government.

The efficacy of augmentative anti-rotational plating plus decortication and autogenic bone grafting for aseptic nonunion after intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fracture

Background:Femoral interlocking intramedullary(IM)nailing fixation is an effective method for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures.Aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft fracture after IM nailing is uncommon.Currently,the treatment for aseptic femoral shaft nonunion is controversial.The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of augmentative antirotational plating plus decortication and autogenic bone grafting for aseptic femoral shaft nonunion after IM nailing failure.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 25 cases of aseptic femoral shaft fracture nonunion treated with IM nailing from January 2015 to August 2019.All patients were treated by leaving the nail in situ,debridement of nonunionsites,decortication,autogenous iliac bone grafting,and augmentative antirotational plating fixation.The time to fracture union and complications were recorded.Results:All patients were followed up for 12–18 months.The union rate after revision surgery was 100%.The average union time was 5.5months(range,4-10).Subjective pain symptoms had disappeared in all patients.There were no incision infections or internal fixator fatigue fractures.Average scores of the physical function and bodily pain components of the SF-36 were 95.5(range,91-98)and 94.1(range,90-97),respectively.No other obvious complications occurred postoperatively.Conclusion:Augmentative antirotational plating plus decortication and autogenic bone grafting is an excellent choice for treating femoral shaft fracture nonunion after IM nailing;this approach has an overall high union rate and few complications.