Unveiling multi-element synergy in polymetallic oxides for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction is considered as a promising and sustainable method for ammonia synthesis.However,the selectivity and yield rate of ammonia are limited by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction and the complex eight-electron transfer process.Herein,we developed a(FeCoNiCu)Ox/CeO_(2)polymetallic oxide electrocatalyst for effective nitrate reduction to ammonia.The synergistic effects among the multiple elements in the electrocatalyst were clearly elucidated by comprehensive experiments.Specifically,Cu acted as the active site for reducing nitrate to nitrite,and Co facilitated the subsequent reduction of nitrite to ammonia,while Fe and Ni promoted water dissociation to provide protons.Furthermore,the incorporation of CeO_(2)increased the active surface area of(FeCoNiCu)Ox,resulting in an improved ammonia yield rate to meet industrial demands.Consequently,the(FeCoNiCu)Ox/CeO_(2)electrocatalyst achieved an ammonia current density of 382 mA cm^(-2)and a high ammonia yield rate of 30.3 mg h^(-1)cm^(-2)with a long-term stability.This work offers valuable insights for the future design of highly efficient multi-element electrocatalysts.

Recent advances in multi-metallic-based nanozymes for enhanced catalytic cancer therapy

Nanozymes have emerged as a promising alternative to natural enzymes,effectively addressing natural enzymes'inherent limitation.Versatility and potential applications of nanozyme span across various fields,with catalytic tumor therapy being one prominent area.This has sparked significant interest and exploration in the utilization of nanozymes for targeted cancer treatment.Recent advancements in interdisciplinary research,nanotechnology,biotechnology,and catalytic technology have led to the emergence of multi-metallicbased nanozymes,which exhibit tremendous potential for further development.This review focuses on investigating the synergistic effects of multimetallicbased nanozymes,aiming to enhance our understanding of their catalytic activities and facilitate their broader applications.We comprehensively survey the remarkable achievements in the synthesis,catalytic mechanisms,and the latest applications of multi-metallic-based nanozymes in cancer catalytic therapy.Furthermore,we identify the current limitations and prospects of multi-metallic-based nanozymes in the development of new materials and the application of novel technologies,along with the potential challenges associated with catalytic cancer therapy.This review underscores the significance of multi-metallic-based nanozymes and emphasizes the need for continued exploration as well as their potential impact on the development of novel materials and the realization of breakthroughs in catalytic tumor therapy.