Effect of Shading on Nodule Growth at Seedling Stage in Relay Strip Intercropping System

Relay strip intercropping(RSI)increases soybean nodule number and nitrogen fixation activity at the reproductive stage more than monocropping(M),but the effect of changes in the environment,especially light,on nodules during the coexistence duration and vegetative stage,is unclear.To determine the impact of shading on nodule development at the seedling stage,nodule traits,distribution,and physiological function were compared between M and RSI in a potting experiment in a field environment.Compared with M,nodule number and weight decreased significantly(an average of 81.77%and 93.16%,respectively);thus,the exponential relationship between them changed because of the smaller nodule in RSI.Nodules were clustered on the tap roots,but there was no effect on the distribution of nodule weight on the tap or lateral root.The nodule density of the tap root notably decreased by an average of 56.00%,whereas that of the lateral root showed no difference.Dry weightspecific nodulation(DW-specific),and the ratio of nodule weight to root or whole plant weight decreased(61.33%,85.46%,and 88.50%,respectively).Nodule leghemoglobin and sucrose content decreased in RSI by 94.29%and 95.17%at the plant level,and nodule nitrogenase activity was suppressed,especially at the plant level.The nodule growth and nitrogen fixation ability of ND showed the strongest adaptability to shading among the varieties.

SnoRNAs: The promising targets for anti-tumor therapy

Recently,small nucleolar RNAs(snoRNAs)have transcended the genomic“noise”to emerge as pivotal molecular markers due to their essential roles in tumor progression.Substantial evidence indicates a strong association between snoRNAs and critical clinical features such as tumor pathology and drug resistance.Historically,snoRNA research has concentrated on two classical mechanisms:2'-O-ribose methylation and pseudouridylation.This review specifically summarizes the novel regulatory mechanisms and functional patterns of snoRNAs in tumors,encompassing transcriptional,post-transcriptional,and post-translational regulation.We further discuss the synergistic effect between snoRNA host genes(SNHGs)and snoRNAs in tumor progression.More importantly,snoRNAs extensively contribute to the development of tumor cell resistance as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes.Accordingly,we provide a comprehensive review of the clinical diagnosis and treatment associated with snoRNAs and explore their significant potential as novel drug targets.

浸润性膀胱癌保留膀胱综合治疗临床疗效分析

目的膀胱保留综合治疗方案能否取得与传统的根治术相似的生存率。方法研究对象为潍坊市人民医院自2005年1月-2011年12月,肌层浸润性膀胱癌病人82例。通过术后随访,比较2组患者的生存率。结果术后1年、2年、3年、4年、5年的生存率保留膀胱治疗组分别为100%、93.75%、84.37%、75.00%、56.25%,膀胱根治性切除治疗组分别为98.00%、92.00%、78.00%、70.00%、60.00%。经Kaplan-Meier分析提示两组生存时间无统计学差异(P=0.839>0.05)。结论综合治疗可取得与膀胱根治性切除术相似的生存率。

Whole-body PET tracking of a D-dodecapeptide and its radiotheranostic potential for PD-L1 overexpressing tumors

Peptides that are composed of dextrorotary(D)-amino acids have gained increasing attention as a potential therapeutic class.However,our understanding of the in vivo fate of D-peptides is limited.This highlights the need for whole-body,quantitative tracking of D-peptides to better understand how they interact with the living body.Here,we used mouse models to track the movement of a programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)-targeting D-dodecapeptide antagonist(DPA)using positron emission tomography(PET).More specifically,we profiled the metabolic routes of[^(64)Cu]DPA and investigated the tumor engagement of[^(64)Cu/^(68)Ga]DPA in mouse models.Our results revealed that intact[^(64)Cu/^(68)Ga]DPA was primarily eliminated by the kidneys and had a notable accumulation in tumors.Moreover,a single dose of[^(64)Cu]DPA effectively delayed tumor growth and improved the survival of mice.Collectively,these results not only deepen our knowledge of the in vivo fate of D-peptides,but also underscore the utility of D-peptides as radiopharmaceuticals.

PET imaging on neurofunctional changes after optogenetic stimulation in a rat model of panic disorder

Panic disorder (PD) is an acute paroxysmal anxiety disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology. The dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) is involved in the genesis of PD. However, the downstream neurofunctional changes of the dPAG during panic attacks have yet to be evaluated in vivo. In this study, optogenetic stimulation to the dPAG was performed to induce panic-like behaviors, and in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with ,8F-flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) was conducted to evaluate neurofunctional changes before and after the optogenetic stimulation. Compared with the baseline, post-optogenetic stimulation PET imaging demonstrated that the glucose metabolism significantly increased (P < 0.001) in dPAG, the cuneiform nucleus, the cerebellar lobule, the cingulate cortex, the alveus of the hippocampus, the primary visual cortex, the septohypothalamic nucleus, and the retrosplenial granular cortex but significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in the basal ganglia, the frontal cortex, the forceps minor corpus callosum, the primary somatosensory cortex, the primary motor cortex, the secondary visual cortex, and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Taken together, these data indicated that in vivo PET imaging can successfully detect downstream neurofunctional changes involved in the panic attacks after optogenetic stimulation to the dPAG.