Microchannel cooling technique for dissipating high heat flux on W/Cu flat-type mock-up for EAST divertor

As an important component of tokamaks,the divertor is mainly responsible for extracting heat and helium ash,and the targets of the divertor need to withstand high heat flux of 10 MW m-2 for steady-state operation.In this study,we proposed a new strategy,using microchannel cooling technology to remove high heat load on the targets of the divertor.The results demonstrated that the microchannel-based W/Cu flat-type mock-up successfully withstood the thermal fatigue test of 1000 cycles at 10 MW m^(-2)with cooling water of 26 l min^(-1),30°C(inlet),0.8 MPa(inlet),15 s power on and 15 s dwell time;the maximum temperature on the heat-loaded surface(W surface)of the mock-up was 493°C,which is much lower than the recrystallization temperature of W(1200°C).Moreover,no occurrence of macrocrack and‘hot spot’at the W surface,as well as no detachment of W/Cu tiles were observed during the thermal fatigue testing.These results indicate that microchannel cooling technology is an efflcient method for removing the heat load of the divertor at a low flow rate.The present study offers a promising solution to replace the monoblock design for the EAST divertor.

Engineering and Application of Pillar[6]arene Functionalized Chiral Surface in Selective Adsorption of R-Adrenaline

Chiral properties of biological surface is of importance as they dominate interactions with biomolecules(such as proteins,nucleic acids,hormones)in a living system.Inspired by this phenomenon,we designed and constructed a L-/D-N-acetyl-cysteine-pillar[6]arene functionalized Si surface(L-/D-NACP surface)for studying the influence of superficial chirality on selective adsorption of R-adrenaline.The fabricated chiral L-/D-NACP surface with consistency in hydrophilia and elementary composition exhibited a strong mirror-symmetric circular dichroism signal.In the adsorption study,the contact-angle of R-adrenaline droplet on D-NACP surface was more hydrophilic from macroscopical view,and the size and quantity of R-adrenaline aggregation on D-NACP surface was larger than L-NACP surface,implying selective adsorption of R-adrenaline appeared on the D-NACP surface.The possible mechanism was due to the stronger host-guest interaction between D-NACP and R-adrenaline,which facilitated the selective adsorption.Besides,the D-NACP surface with good selectivity can be used for chiral separation of racemic adrenaline.The results enhance the under-standing of hormones adsorption affected by surface chirality,and may provide some helpful inspiration for practical application of chiral surface.