Basic Elements Knowledge Acquisition Study in the Chinese Character Intelligent Formation System

In the Chinese character intelligent formation system without Chinese character library, it is possible that the same basic element in different Chinese characters is different in position, size and shape. The geometry transformation from basic elements to the components of Chinese characters can be realized by affine transformation, the transformation knowledge acquisition is the premise of Chinese character intelligent formation. A novel algorithm is proposed to ac-quire the affine transformation knowledge of basic elements automatically in this paper. The interested region of Chi-nese character image is determined by the structure of the Chinese character. Scale invariant and location invariant of basic element and Chinese character image are extracted with SIFT features, the matching points of the two images are determined according to the principle of Minimum Euclidean distance of eigenvectors. Using corner points as identifi-cation features, calculating the one-way Hausdorff distance between corner points as the similarity measurement from the affine image to the Chinese character sub-image, affine coefficients are determined by optimal similarity. 70244 Chinese characters in National Standards GB18030-2005 character set are taken as the experimental object, all the characters are performed and the experimental courses and results are presented in this paper.

Effect of magnesium hydroxide as cigarette paper filler to reduce cigarette smoke toxicity

The use of magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_(2))was proposed as a filler to replace part of the calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))in cigarette paper and reduce the toxicity of the smoke from cigarettes.Physical property changes and smoke reducing ability of this possible substitution were effectively studied.The results showed that adding 10%Mg(OH)_(2) could meet the requirements of the physical property of the cigarette paper.Moreover,with the addition of Mg(OH)2 as a filler in the cigarette paper,the pyrolysis temperature of the cigarette paper decreased,while the porosity and specific surface area increased.As a result,the main-stream smoke had a lower smoke total particle matter(STMP),tar,nicotine and carbon monoxide content,and the side-stream smoke also had a lower STMP.

Fe/C micro electrolysis and Fenton oxidation process for the removal of recalcitrant colored pollutants from mid-stage pulping effluent

The pulp and paper industry produces a large amount of colored effluent in the pulping,bleaching,and papermaking processes.The wastewater from the pulp washing and bleaching stages is also known as mid-stage pulping effluent,which is difficult to treat due to its toxicity and dark dolor.This paper reports a novel Fe/C micro-electrolysis process for the treatment of the mid-stage pulping effluent.Results show that this process is effective in removing the color under optimal reaction conditions.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)analyses indicate that the colored pollutants were removed from the wastewater in the Fe/C micro-electrolysis by adsorption,collection and filtration mechanisms.The Fe2+ions produced in the micro-electrolysis process functioned as Fenton’s reagents with H2O2 in the follow-up oxidation stage,which enhanced the removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and color.

Recovery of calcium carbonate waste as paper filler in the causticizing process of bamboo kraft pulping

In this paper, calcium carbonate waste was recovered as paper filler from the causticizing process of bamboo kraft pulping. The effects of the causticizing process parameters on the filler qualities were investigated, in terms of the whiteness, tear strength, tensile strength and ash content of the filled paper. To investigate the effect of silica content on the qualities of the resultant calcium carbonate filler, the green liquor was desiliconized with aluminum salt modified bentonite prior to the causticizing process to obtain calcium carbonate of various silicon contents, particle size and brightness, and different crystal morphology. It was found that the ionic strength and silicate concentration were the two key factors in affecting the size and shape of the calcium carbonate particles formed in the causticizing process.