Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes is increasing year by year,simple surgery and Western medicine treatment has limitations,doing damage to liver and kidney function,resulting in islet function damage,insulin resistance,poor curative effect and many adverse reactions.According to the difference of patients'health conditions,traditional Chinese medicine has certain advantages in the treatment of this disease by acupuncture,auricular point treatment and prescription based on syndrome differentiation,taking replenishing qi and nourishing yin,invigorating spleen and resolving dampness as the basic principle to enhance the functions of viscera such as lung,spleen and kidney,and to strengthen the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors.The curative effect is remarkable and the side effect is extremely low.Therefore,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the current situation of the research on the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,in order to provide new ideas for clinical and scientific researchers.

Preparation Technology of Wuwei Xiaoke Granules

[Objectives]To optimize the extraction and preparation technology of Wuwei Xiaoke granules.[Methods]Taking the extraction rate of extract as the scoring standard,the water extraction technology was optimized by orthogonal test.The influence of the proportion of pharmaceutical excipients on the molding conditions of Wuwei Xiaoke granules was investigated using granule molding rate,solubility,moisture,granularity,water-soluble extract and microorganism examination as evaluation indicators,and the optimal molding technology was optimized.[Results]The extraction technology was soaking in water for 0.5 h and heat extraction twice for 1 h each time:adding 10 times the amount of water in the first time,and adding 8 times the amount of water in the second time.The best molding technology was:extract density 1.13-1.16(55-60℃),extract:soluble starch=1:2,and 0.15%stevioside.[Conclusions]The water extraction technology and granule molding technology optimized by orthogonal test are reliable and stable,with good granular characteristics,easy oral administration and good solubility,which can maximize the comprehensive quality of Wuwei Xiaoke granules,and provide an effective reference for the preparation and production of Wuwei Xiaoke granules.

Experimental and numerical investigations of biochar-facilitated Cd^(2+)transport in saturated porous media:role of solution pH and ionic strength

The nanoscale biochar(N-BC)generated during the production and weathering of bulk biochar has caused significant concerns for its cotransport with contaminants spreading the contamination.In this study,the cotransport behaviors of N-BC with Cd^(2+)under variable solution chemistry were investigated for the first time,which can pose environmental contamination risks but have received little attention.The column experiment results showed that increasing ionic strength(IS)or decreasing pH retarded the transport of N-BC but promoted the transport of Cd^(2+)in their individual transport.In cotransport scenarios,Cd^(2+)facilitated the deposition of N-BC on the quartz sand with increasing IS or decreasing pH by providing additional sorption sites and led to the ripening of N-BC via cation bridging.N-BC retarded the transport of Cd^(2+)under all conditions.However,lower pH and higher IS could facilitate the release of Cd^(2+)from the immobile N-BC.The cotransport modeling results demonstrated that the Cd^(2+)adsorption on and desorption from the immobile N-BC controlled the retention and release of Cd^(2+)under variable pH and IS,while the influence of mobile N-BC on Cd^(2+)transport was minor.This study provided new insight for evaluating the potential contamination-spreading risks and suggested that rational use of biochar with great caution is necessary.