Recently,there has been an upsurge of activity in image-based non-photorealistic rendering(NPR),and in particular portrait image stylisation,due to the advent of neural style transfer(NST).However,the state of perform...Recently,there has been an upsurge of activity in image-based non-photorealistic rendering(NPR),and in particular portrait image stylisation,due to the advent of neural style transfer(NST).However,the state of performance evaluation in this field is poor,especially compared to the norms in the computer vision and machine learning communities.Unfortunately,the task of evaluating image stylisation is thus far not well defined,since it involves subjective,perceptual,and aesthetic aspects.To make progress towards a solution,this paper proposes a new structured,threelevel,benchmark dataset for the evaluation of stylised portrait images.Rigorous criteria were used for its construction,and its consistency was validated by user studies.Moreover,a new methodology has been developed for evaluating portrait stylisation algorithms,which makes use of the different benchmark levels as well as annotations provided by user studies regarding the characteristics of the faces.We perform evaluation for a wide variety of image stylisation methods(both portrait-specific and general purpose,and also both traditional NPR approaches and NST)using the new benchmark dataset.展开更多
This study aimed to assess the water footprint of white radishes which is cultivated during four seasons.The methodology is developed in accordance with ISO 14040s and ISO 14046.This study suggested the water depletio...This study aimed to assess the water footprint of white radishes which is cultivated during four seasons.The methodology is developed in accordance with ISO 14040s and ISO 14046.This study suggested the water depletion and eutrophication results of white radishes as water footprint results.The water de-pletion results are 25.58 m^(3) fres hwater/ton(spring season white radish),20.74 m^(3) freshwater/ton(au-tumn season white radish),26.68 m^(3) freshwater/ton(alpine region white radish),and 2856 m^(3) fresh-water/ton(facility white radish),respectively.And the eutrophication results are 3.23E-11 kg P/ton(spring season white radish),2.66E-11 kg P/ton(autumn season white radish),3.94E-11 kg P/ton(alpine region white radish),and 1.56E-11 kg P/ton(facility white radish),respectively.In conclusion,autumn season white radish is more competitive than other cultivation types in the context of water footprint assessment.As a result,switching from other cultivation types to autumn season white radish is ex-pected to offer a more water-efficient means of white radish cultivation.Henceforth,drawing upon evidence within this report,decision-makers would be wise to cultivate in more effective water use cultivation type and crop species.展开更多
文摘Recently,there has been an upsurge of activity in image-based non-photorealistic rendering(NPR),and in particular portrait image stylisation,due to the advent of neural style transfer(NST).However,the state of performance evaluation in this field is poor,especially compared to the norms in the computer vision and machine learning communities.Unfortunately,the task of evaluating image stylisation is thus far not well defined,since it involves subjective,perceptual,and aesthetic aspects.To make progress towards a solution,this paper proposes a new structured,threelevel,benchmark dataset for the evaluation of stylised portrait images.Rigorous criteria were used for its construction,and its consistency was validated by user studies.Moreover,a new methodology has been developed for evaluating portrait stylisation algorithms,which makes use of the different benchmark levels as well as annotations provided by user studies regarding the characteristics of the faces.We perform evaluation for a wide variety of image stylisation methods(both portrait-specific and general purpose,and also both traditional NPR approaches and NST)using the new benchmark dataset.
文摘This study aimed to assess the water footprint of white radishes which is cultivated during four seasons.The methodology is developed in accordance with ISO 14040s and ISO 14046.This study suggested the water depletion and eutrophication results of white radishes as water footprint results.The water de-pletion results are 25.58 m^(3) fres hwater/ton(spring season white radish),20.74 m^(3) freshwater/ton(au-tumn season white radish),26.68 m^(3) freshwater/ton(alpine region white radish),and 2856 m^(3) fresh-water/ton(facility white radish),respectively.And the eutrophication results are 3.23E-11 kg P/ton(spring season white radish),2.66E-11 kg P/ton(autumn season white radish),3.94E-11 kg P/ton(alpine region white radish),and 1.56E-11 kg P/ton(facility white radish),respectively.In conclusion,autumn season white radish is more competitive than other cultivation types in the context of water footprint assessment.As a result,switching from other cultivation types to autumn season white radish is ex-pected to offer a more water-efficient means of white radish cultivation.Henceforth,drawing upon evidence within this report,decision-makers would be wise to cultivate in more effective water use cultivation type and crop species.
