Epidemiological Aspects of Metastatic Relapse of Breast Cancer in an African Context

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of metastatic relapse in breast cancer at the University and Hospital Center of Treichville. Methodology: This is a cohort and retrospective study conducted from January 2000 to December 2015 on 178 patients with metastaticrelapse in breast cancer. Results: The prevalence of metastatic relapses was 49% and the patients had an average age of 53.4 years and among them, 91.6% received school education and 88.2% did not have a high socioeconomic level. The majority of initial tumors were in Stage III (47.8%), SBR III (47.2%), High Ki 67 (46.5%), Negative RH (79.3%), and HER2 negative (58%). Metastases were generally unique (62.9%), dominated by bone sites (36.6%), with an average occurrencedelay of 2.4 years. After the occurrence of metastases, the cumulative survival rate was 5% at 3 years, and nil at 5 years. Conclusion: Metastatic relapses were common with poor prognosis.

Breast Cancers in Young Woman under 40 Years in Sub-Saharan Africa: Experience of the Gynecology Department of the University and Hospital Center of Treichville (Abidjan—Cote d’Ivoire)

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of women under 40 years followed for breast cancer. Method: This is a retrospective and cohort study with descriptive purpose conducted over 10 years on the management of breast cancer in 105 patients under 40 years in the Gynecology Service of the University and Hospital Center of Treichville. Results: The incidence of breast cancer in women under 40 years was 8.4%, and the majority of patients were over 35 years old (64.8%) and had a low socioeconomic level (61.7%). Some patients had classic risk factors for breast cancer: menarche before 12 years (48.6%), nulliparity (20%), family history of breast cancer (1.9%). The discovery of a breast abnormality was made by patients in 97.1% of the cases. Cancers were either isolated (92.4%) or associated with pregnancy (5.7%) or bilateral (1.9%). The majority of cancers were infiltrating ductal carcinomas (86.7%), of SBR II grade (69%). Patients generally benefited from a mastectomy with axillary dissection, framed by chemotherapy. The global survival at 10 years was 5%. Conclusion: This study allowed us to confirm that breast cancers in younger women were a reality in our country and posed us enormous difficulties in their management.

Profile of Patients with Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis in Abidjan

Patients with breast cancer will develop brain metastases in 15% - 25% of cases. Objective: To identify the profile of patients with breast cancer brain metastasis. Method: Retrospective study over 4 years in the oncology department of Treichville Hospital. All patients with breast carcinoma who had a brain metastasis during their cancer management were included. Results: 41 cases of breast carcinoma brain metastasis were collected. Patients were older than 40 years in 78% of cases. Family history of breast cancer was found in 7% of patients. More than 80% of patients had consulted with T3 and T4 tumor masses, with 100% of cases of node involvement. The brain was the second site of metastasis. The tumors were Triple negative in 48%, Her2 positive in 36% and luminal in 16%. Brain metastases were of late onset in the majority of cases (68%). They were clinically characterized by headaches (100%), most often included in an intracranial hypertension syndrome (52%). They were multiple (60%). Therapeutically, no surgery was performed on the metastases. Three patients received whole brain radiation therapy. All patients received systemic therapy. In terms of response, 30 cases of progression were observed after treatment and 2 cases of complete response were obtained. Survival from onset of brain metastasis was of 75% at 3 months and 2% at 12 months. Patients with longer survival rates were over 40 years old with triple negative breast cancer. Conclusion: Brain metastasis from breast cancer most often occurs in a particular clinical and pathological context in our countries.