Since December 2019,a novel coronavirus that represents a serious threat to human lives has emerged.There is still no definite treatment for severe cases of the disease caused by this virus,named coronavirus disease 2...Since December 2019,a novel coronavirus that represents a serious threat to human lives has emerged.There is still no definite treatment for severe cases of the disease caused by this virus,named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).One of the most considered treatment strategies targets the exaggerated immune regulator,and interleukin(IL)-6 is a crucial pro-inflammatory mediator.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)cases show an elevated level of IL-6 related to disease severity.IL-6 activity can be inhibited by the following:IL-6 itself,IL-6 signaling pathways such as Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT),gp130,IL-6R,and downstream activated ILs,such as IL-17 and IL-6 cytokine.Currently,according to these studies and their results,IL-6 blockade with anti-IL-6 or its receptor antibodies such as tocilizumab in COVID-19 is beneficial in severe cases and may reduce the mortality rate.JAK-STAT inhibitors block the cytokine storm by inhibiting several crucial pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-αand IL-6 and have shown various results in clinical trials.IL-6 induces IL-17 secretion,and IL-17 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes.Clinical trials of anti-IL-17 drugs are currently recruiting,and anti-gp130 antibody is preclinical.However,this agent has shown positive effects in inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials and could be tested for SARS-CoV-2.This study aimed to review the role of IL-6 in the cytokine storm and studies regarding IL-6 and blockade of its inflammatory pathways in COVID-19 to determine if any of these agents are beneficial for COVID-19 patients.展开更多
文摘Since December 2019,a novel coronavirus that represents a serious threat to human lives has emerged.There is still no definite treatment for severe cases of the disease caused by this virus,named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).One of the most considered treatment strategies targets the exaggerated immune regulator,and interleukin(IL)-6 is a crucial pro-inflammatory mediator.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)cases show an elevated level of IL-6 related to disease severity.IL-6 activity can be inhibited by the following:IL-6 itself,IL-6 signaling pathways such as Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT),gp130,IL-6R,and downstream activated ILs,such as IL-17 and IL-6 cytokine.Currently,according to these studies and their results,IL-6 blockade with anti-IL-6 or its receptor antibodies such as tocilizumab in COVID-19 is beneficial in severe cases and may reduce the mortality rate.JAK-STAT inhibitors block the cytokine storm by inhibiting several crucial pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-αand IL-6 and have shown various results in clinical trials.IL-6 induces IL-17 secretion,and IL-17 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes.Clinical trials of anti-IL-17 drugs are currently recruiting,and anti-gp130 antibody is preclinical.However,this agent has shown positive effects in inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials and could be tested for SARS-CoV-2.This study aimed to review the role of IL-6 in the cytokine storm and studies regarding IL-6 and blockade of its inflammatory pathways in COVID-19 to determine if any of these agents are beneficial for COVID-19 patients.
