Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death globally.Resistance to therapy is a challenge for CRC treatment.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have become one of the furthermos...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death globally.Resistance to therapy is a challenge for CRC treatment.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have become one of the furthermost effective approaches for tumor treatment due to their specific feature;however,their therapeutic function is controversial.Recently,extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from MSCs(MSCs-EVs)have attracted extensive research attention due to their promising role in CRC treatment.EVs are cell-derived vesicles that transfer different biomolecules between cells,contributing to intracellular communication.MSCs-EVs can suppress CRC by delivering therapeutic agents to tumor cells.Several studies indicate that MSCs-EVs can serve as a drug delivery system for the treatment of different cancers.Various methods are used to modify(engineer)MSCs-EVs for loading therapeutic agents.Modified MSCs-EVs have improved specificity,targeting ability,and immunogenicity compared to synthetic carriers.Furthermore,CRC-EVs participate in regulating different cells,such as immune cells,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells,promoting tumorigenesis.MSCs-EVs-based therapy indicates a high potential in the treatment of cancer;however,the majority of studies have been conducted in the pre-clinical,and their clinical applications need further scrutiny.In this review,we describe the biogenesis of EVs,focusing on the effect of MSCs-EVs on CRC cells and CRC-derived EVs on other cells.Furthermore,MSCs-EVs as a drug delivery system for cancers is also reviewed,and perspectives regarding the therapeutic application of MSCs-EVs are discussed.展开更多
It seems that defects on micro-minerals levels have an etiologic role involved in type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenicity. The aim of our study were to evaluate the serum levels of zinc and iron and investigate their p...It seems that defects on micro-minerals levels have an etiologic role involved in type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenicity. The aim of our study were to evaluate the serum levels of zinc and iron and investigate their possible relationship between these biochemical parameters with demographic conditions and glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus disorder. In this case-control based study, 68 female with type 1 diabetes mellitus with a mean age of 52.2 ±2 as case group and 122 healthy women as a control group with a mean age of 49/4 ±3/2 were investigated .for biochemical analysis ,10 mL fasting venous blood sample were obtained from each subjects. FBS （fasting blood glucose）, fructosamine （glycemic control parameter） were determined （spectrophotometry method, （pars azmoon, Iran）, nitroblue tetrazoline method respectively）.serum zinc level with colorimetric method （Biorex-UK） and serum iron with photometric method （pars azmoon, Iran） were determined. Statistical analysis using SPSS software performed. Significant levels considered as P 〈 0.05. According to this study there is statistically significant difference between serum levels of iron and zinc in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to controls .indeed serum level of iron and zinc had lower level in patient group toward controls. In patients group, there are a positive correlation between age and decreased level of serum zinc （P 〈 0.05）. Also there was a significant negative correlation between the glycemic control status and serum zinc. Other studied parameters concluded BMI （body mass index）, Weight and height have not significant difference between groups. The decrease in serum iron and zinc level in women with type 1 diabetes may be related to low dietary intake or increased excretion of micro minerals or the presence of confounding factors that require more extensive intervention studies to confirm it.展开更多
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death globally.Resistance to therapy is a challenge for CRC treatment.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have become one of the furthermost effective approaches for tumor treatment due to their specific feature;however,their therapeutic function is controversial.Recently,extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from MSCs(MSCs-EVs)have attracted extensive research attention due to their promising role in CRC treatment.EVs are cell-derived vesicles that transfer different biomolecules between cells,contributing to intracellular communication.MSCs-EVs can suppress CRC by delivering therapeutic agents to tumor cells.Several studies indicate that MSCs-EVs can serve as a drug delivery system for the treatment of different cancers.Various methods are used to modify(engineer)MSCs-EVs for loading therapeutic agents.Modified MSCs-EVs have improved specificity,targeting ability,and immunogenicity compared to synthetic carriers.Furthermore,CRC-EVs participate in regulating different cells,such as immune cells,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells,promoting tumorigenesis.MSCs-EVs-based therapy indicates a high potential in the treatment of cancer;however,the majority of studies have been conducted in the pre-clinical,and their clinical applications need further scrutiny.In this review,we describe the biogenesis of EVs,focusing on the effect of MSCs-EVs on CRC cells and CRC-derived EVs on other cells.Furthermore,MSCs-EVs as a drug delivery system for cancers is also reviewed,and perspectives regarding the therapeutic application of MSCs-EVs are discussed.
文摘It seems that defects on micro-minerals levels have an etiologic role involved in type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenicity. The aim of our study were to evaluate the serum levels of zinc and iron and investigate their possible relationship between these biochemical parameters with demographic conditions and glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus disorder. In this case-control based study, 68 female with type 1 diabetes mellitus with a mean age of 52.2 ±2 as case group and 122 healthy women as a control group with a mean age of 49/4 ±3/2 were investigated .for biochemical analysis ,10 mL fasting venous blood sample were obtained from each subjects. FBS （fasting blood glucose）, fructosamine （glycemic control parameter） were determined （spectrophotometry method, （pars azmoon, Iran）, nitroblue tetrazoline method respectively）.serum zinc level with colorimetric method （Biorex-UK） and serum iron with photometric method （pars azmoon, Iran） were determined. Statistical analysis using SPSS software performed. Significant levels considered as P 〈 0.05. According to this study there is statistically significant difference between serum levels of iron and zinc in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to controls .indeed serum level of iron and zinc had lower level in patient group toward controls. In patients group, there are a positive correlation between age and decreased level of serum zinc （P 〈 0.05）. Also there was a significant negative correlation between the glycemic control status and serum zinc. Other studied parameters concluded BMI （body mass index）, Weight and height have not significant difference between groups. The decrease in serum iron and zinc level in women with type 1 diabetes may be related to low dietary intake or increased excretion of micro minerals or the presence of confounding factors that require more extensive intervention studies to confirm it.
