AIM: To compare higher order aberrations in two aspherical intraocular lenses(IOLs): Akreos advanced optics(AO) and Dr. Schmidt Microcrystalline 6125 aspheric anterior surface(MC6125AS) with each other. METHODS: Forty...AIM: To compare higher order aberrations in two aspherical intraocular lenses(IOLs): Akreos advanced optics(AO) and Dr. Schmidt Microcrystalline 6125 aspheric anterior surface(MC6125AS) with each other. METHODS: Forty eyes of 39 patients underwent phacoemulsification and Akreos AO and MC6125 AS were implanted in their eyes in a random manner. Three months post-operatively, higher order aberrations including spherical aberration, coma aberration, and total aberrations were measured and compared.RESULTS: The total aberration was 0.24±0.17 in eyes with Dr. Schmidt and 0.20 ±0.01 in eyes with Akreos AO(P =0.361). The mean of coma aberration was 0.17 ±0.21 and 0.09 ±0.86 in Dr. Schmidt and Akreos lenses,respectively(P =0.825). Total spherical aberration was almost the same in both groups(mean: 0.05, P =0.933).Best corrected visual acuity in Akreos AO(0.10±0.68) and Dr. Schmidt(0.09±0.67) did not differ significantly(P =0.700). CONCLUSION: There is no statistically significant difference in the higher order aberrations between these two aspherical lenses.展开更多
AIM: To compare the anterior segment measurements obtained by rotating Scheimpflug camera(Pentacam) and Scanning-slit topography(Orbscan IIz) in keratoconic eyes.METHODS: A total of 121 patients, 71 males(58.7%)and 50...AIM: To compare the anterior segment measurements obtained by rotating Scheimpflug camera(Pentacam) and Scanning-slit topography(Orbscan IIz) in keratoconic eyes.METHODS: A total of 121 patients, 71 males(58.7%)and 50 females(41.3%)(214 eyes) with the diagnosis of keratoconus(KC) were enrolled in this study. Following diagnosis of KC by slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination, central corneal thickness(CCT), thinnest corneal thickness(TCT), anterior chamber depth(ACD),and pupil diameter(PD) were measured by a single examiner using successive instrumentation by Pentacam and Orbscan.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two instruments for the measurement of CCT and TCT. In contrast, scanning-slit topography measured ACD(3.46±0.40 mm vs 3.38±0.33 mm, P =0.019) and PD(4.97 ±1.26 mm vs 4.08 ±1.19 mm, P <0.001) significantly larger than rotating Scheimpflug camera.The two devices made similar measurements for CCT(95% CI:-2.94 to5.06, P =0.602). However, the mean difference for TCT was-6.28(95% CI:-10.51 to-2.06, P =0.004) showing a thinner measurement by Orbscan than by Pentacam. In terms of the ACD, the mean difference was 0.08 mm(95%CI: 0.04 to 0.12, P <0.001) with Orbscan giving a slightly larger value than Pentacam. Similarly, Orbscan measurement for PD was longer than Pentacam(95% CI:0.68 to 1.08, P <0.001).CONCLUSION: A good agreement was found between Pentacam and Orbscan concerning CCT measurement while comparing scanning-slit topography and rotatingScheimpflug camera there was an underestimation for TCT and overestimation for ACD and PD.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the clinical outcomes of different intubation techniques in the cases of failed primary probing.METHODS: This retrospective study was performed on338 patients with the diagnosis of congenital nasola...AIM:To investigate the clinical outcomes of different intubation techniques in the cases of failed primary probing.METHODS: This retrospective study was performed on338 patients with the diagnosis of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction with age 1-4y that had failed primary probing.Intubation was performed under light sedation in operating room and the stent was left 3mo in place.Clinical outcome was investigated 3mo after tube removal.RESULTS: Bicanalicular intubation method had higher complete and relative success rates compared to monocanalicular intubation(P =0.00).In addition,Monoka intubation had better outcomes compared to Masterka technique(P =0.046).No difference was found between genders but the higher the age,the better the outcomes with bicanalicular technique rather than monocanalicular.CONCLUSION: Overall success rate of bicanalicular intubation is superior to monocanalicular technique especially in older ages.Also,based upon our clinical outcomes,Masterka intubation is not recommended in cases of failed probing.展开更多
AIM:To report the clinical outcomes of utilizing a three-layer flap and graft in reconstruction of the lower lid in one session.METHODS:Seventeen patients with total or near total lower eyelid defect were included.The...AIM:To report the clinical outcomes of utilizing a three-layer flap and graft in reconstruction of the lower lid in one session.METHODS:Seventeen patients with total or near total lower eyelid defect were included.The defects were reconstructed in three layers.Posterior lamella was reconstructed by using tarsoconjunctival free graft from the ipsilateral upper lid and periosteal flap from lateral orbital rim.Mobilization of residual orbicularis muscle provided a rich blood supply;and the anterior lamella was reconstructed by skin flap prepared from upper lid blepharoplasty as a one-pedicular or bipedicular bucket handle flap.RESULTS:The cause of lower eyelid defect was basal cell carcinoma in 15 patients and trauma in two of them.No intraoperative and postoperative complication occurred.Patients were followed from 10 to 15mo postoperatively.Cosmetic results were favorable in all patients and we had acceptable functional results.Thickness of the reconstructed tissue was a concern in early postoperative period.CONCLUSION:Three-layer lower lid reconstruction in one session is an effective technique for total lower lid reconstruction with minimal complications and acceptable functional and aesthetic outcomes and can be considered as a safe alternative for the preexisting techniques.展开更多
AIM:To find a simple mathematical correlation between the lens base curve(BC) and keratometry findings(krf).METHODS:This retrospective study included 400 keratoconic eyes(350 patients) previously fit with rigid contac...AIM:To find a simple mathematical correlation between the lens base curve(BC) and keratometry findings(krf).METHODS:This retrospective study included 400 keratoconic eyes(350 patients) previously fit with rigid contact lenses at an academic eye center over a five year period.The patients were classified into five groups based on the keratometry findings(krf<7,krf:7-8,krf>8,krf-krs(difference between two keratometry;flat and steep)= 0.3-0.6,krf-krs >0.6mm as groups 1 to 5,respectively.Multivariate linear regression and Munro's correlation coefficient were employed to defer the formulas.RESULTS:A linear correlation could be found in all groups except for patients in group 3.For group 1,BC=0.211×krf+ 5.904.For group 2,BC=0.456×krf+4.160.For group 4,BC= 0.321×krf+5.219.For group 5,BC=0.337×krf+ 5.090.CONCLUSION:The development of new formulas for RGP fitting enables ophthalmologists to work with confidence and prevents unnecessary and frequent lens trials.The customary lens fitting methods are needed to be replaced by new formulas,which help to save time and costs.展开更多
AIM:To define the ultrasonographic structure of normal lower eyelid anatomic compartments and their spacial relationship in dynamic motion.METHODS:High resolution ultrasound(15MHz) was performed on the lower eyelids o...AIM:To define the ultrasonographic structure of normal lower eyelid anatomic compartments and their spacial relationship in dynamic motion.METHODS:High resolution ultrasound(15MHz) was performed on the lower eyelids of 7 normal subjects.Movements of the lower eyelid and its compartments were visualized with ultrasound.In addition,the maximal excursion area of the lower eyelid fat compartments and retractor motions was measured before and after motion.RESULTS:The orbicularis muscle could be seen as an echolucent structure between the dermis and the echodence fat pads.Lower eyelid fat pad seems to be divided into 2 compartments as range of motion and direction of movement of each of them varies.It seems that these compartments have also different behavior.The measured profile area of the visible normal lower eyelid fat pads during movement of globe from up-gaze to down-gaze decreased by 50%.Order of movement of lower eyelid structures seems to be as follows:after globe movement fist we see retractor movement,anterior orbital fat pad,then skin and septum,and finally movement of inferior fat pad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasound represents a noninvasive tool for the visualization of lower eyelid morphology.Expanding its application could help us understand the compartmental changes in physiological eyelid movement,in aging and diseased study populations,as well as assess operative outcomes.展开更多
文摘AIM: To compare higher order aberrations in two aspherical intraocular lenses(IOLs): Akreos advanced optics(AO) and Dr. Schmidt Microcrystalline 6125 aspheric anterior surface(MC6125AS) with each other. METHODS: Forty eyes of 39 patients underwent phacoemulsification and Akreos AO and MC6125 AS were implanted in their eyes in a random manner. Three months post-operatively, higher order aberrations including spherical aberration, coma aberration, and total aberrations were measured and compared.RESULTS: The total aberration was 0.24±0.17 in eyes with Dr. Schmidt and 0.20 ±0.01 in eyes with Akreos AO(P =0.361). The mean of coma aberration was 0.17 ±0.21 and 0.09 ±0.86 in Dr. Schmidt and Akreos lenses,respectively(P =0.825). Total spherical aberration was almost the same in both groups(mean: 0.05, P =0.933).Best corrected visual acuity in Akreos AO(0.10±0.68) and Dr. Schmidt(0.09±0.67) did not differ significantly(P =0.700). CONCLUSION: There is no statistically significant difference in the higher order aberrations between these two aspherical lenses.
文摘AIM: To compare the anterior segment measurements obtained by rotating Scheimpflug camera(Pentacam) and Scanning-slit topography(Orbscan IIz) in keratoconic eyes.METHODS: A total of 121 patients, 71 males(58.7%)and 50 females(41.3%)(214 eyes) with the diagnosis of keratoconus(KC) were enrolled in this study. Following diagnosis of KC by slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination, central corneal thickness(CCT), thinnest corneal thickness(TCT), anterior chamber depth(ACD),and pupil diameter(PD) were measured by a single examiner using successive instrumentation by Pentacam and Orbscan.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two instruments for the measurement of CCT and TCT. In contrast, scanning-slit topography measured ACD(3.46±0.40 mm vs 3.38±0.33 mm, P =0.019) and PD(4.97 ±1.26 mm vs 4.08 ±1.19 mm, P <0.001) significantly larger than rotating Scheimpflug camera.The two devices made similar measurements for CCT(95% CI:-2.94 to5.06, P =0.602). However, the mean difference for TCT was-6.28(95% CI:-10.51 to-2.06, P =0.004) showing a thinner measurement by Orbscan than by Pentacam. In terms of the ACD, the mean difference was 0.08 mm(95%CI: 0.04 to 0.12, P <0.001) with Orbscan giving a slightly larger value than Pentacam. Similarly, Orbscan measurement for PD was longer than Pentacam(95% CI:0.68 to 1.08, P <0.001).CONCLUSION: A good agreement was found between Pentacam and Orbscan concerning CCT measurement while comparing scanning-slit topography and rotatingScheimpflug camera there was an underestimation for TCT and overestimation for ACD and PD.
文摘AIM:To investigate the clinical outcomes of different intubation techniques in the cases of failed primary probing.METHODS: This retrospective study was performed on338 patients with the diagnosis of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction with age 1-4y that had failed primary probing.Intubation was performed under light sedation in operating room and the stent was left 3mo in place.Clinical outcome was investigated 3mo after tube removal.RESULTS: Bicanalicular intubation method had higher complete and relative success rates compared to monocanalicular intubation(P =0.00).In addition,Monoka intubation had better outcomes compared to Masterka technique(P =0.046).No difference was found between genders but the higher the age,the better the outcomes with bicanalicular technique rather than monocanalicular.CONCLUSION: Overall success rate of bicanalicular intubation is superior to monocanalicular technique especially in older ages.Also,based upon our clinical outcomes,Masterka intubation is not recommended in cases of failed probing.
文摘AIM:To report the clinical outcomes of utilizing a three-layer flap and graft in reconstruction of the lower lid in one session.METHODS:Seventeen patients with total or near total lower eyelid defect were included.The defects were reconstructed in three layers.Posterior lamella was reconstructed by using tarsoconjunctival free graft from the ipsilateral upper lid and periosteal flap from lateral orbital rim.Mobilization of residual orbicularis muscle provided a rich blood supply;and the anterior lamella was reconstructed by skin flap prepared from upper lid blepharoplasty as a one-pedicular or bipedicular bucket handle flap.RESULTS:The cause of lower eyelid defect was basal cell carcinoma in 15 patients and trauma in two of them.No intraoperative and postoperative complication occurred.Patients were followed from 10 to 15mo postoperatively.Cosmetic results were favorable in all patients and we had acceptable functional results.Thickness of the reconstructed tissue was a concern in early postoperative period.CONCLUSION:Three-layer lower lid reconstruction in one session is an effective technique for total lower lid reconstruction with minimal complications and acceptable functional and aesthetic outcomes and can be considered as a safe alternative for the preexisting techniques.
文摘AIM:To find a simple mathematical correlation between the lens base curve(BC) and keratometry findings(krf).METHODS:This retrospective study included 400 keratoconic eyes(350 patients) previously fit with rigid contact lenses at an academic eye center over a five year period.The patients were classified into five groups based on the keratometry findings(krf<7,krf:7-8,krf>8,krf-krs(difference between two keratometry;flat and steep)= 0.3-0.6,krf-krs >0.6mm as groups 1 to 5,respectively.Multivariate linear regression and Munro's correlation coefficient were employed to defer the formulas.RESULTS:A linear correlation could be found in all groups except for patients in group 3.For group 1,BC=0.211×krf+ 5.904.For group 2,BC=0.456×krf+4.160.For group 4,BC= 0.321×krf+5.219.For group 5,BC=0.337×krf+ 5.090.CONCLUSION:The development of new formulas for RGP fitting enables ophthalmologists to work with confidence and prevents unnecessary and frequent lens trials.The customary lens fitting methods are needed to be replaced by new formulas,which help to save time and costs.
文摘AIM:To define the ultrasonographic structure of normal lower eyelid anatomic compartments and their spacial relationship in dynamic motion.METHODS:High resolution ultrasound(15MHz) was performed on the lower eyelids of 7 normal subjects.Movements of the lower eyelid and its compartments were visualized with ultrasound.In addition,the maximal excursion area of the lower eyelid fat compartments and retractor motions was measured before and after motion.RESULTS:The orbicularis muscle could be seen as an echolucent structure between the dermis and the echodence fat pads.Lower eyelid fat pad seems to be divided into 2 compartments as range of motion and direction of movement of each of them varies.It seems that these compartments have also different behavior.The measured profile area of the visible normal lower eyelid fat pads during movement of globe from up-gaze to down-gaze decreased by 50%.Order of movement of lower eyelid structures seems to be as follows:after globe movement fist we see retractor movement,anterior orbital fat pad,then skin and septum,and finally movement of inferior fat pad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasound represents a noninvasive tool for the visualization of lower eyelid morphology.Expanding its application could help us understand the compartmental changes in physiological eyelid movement,in aging and diseased study populations,as well as assess operative outcomes.
