Background: The epidermis, which is a typical stratified epithelium, has tight junctions (TJs) in the granular layer, as do simple epithelia. So far, abnormalities of TJs and involvement of claudin-1 have been reporte...Background: The epidermis, which is a typical stratified epithelium, has tight junctions (TJs) in the granular layer, as do simple epithelia. So far, abnormalities of TJs and involvement of claudin-1 have been reported in tumours of simple epithelia. Objectives: To examine the expression of TJ-associated proteins (occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 and claudin-4) in normal human epidermis and in malignant disorders of keratinization. Methods: Expression of the proteins in normal human epidermis, five cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin and five cases of Bowen’s disease (BD) was examined by immunofluorescence staining. Results: In normal human epidermis, occludin, ZO-1 and claudin-4 were expressed at the cell-cell borders in the granular layer specifically or dominantly, whereas claudin-1 was expressed in the whole epithelium. In SCC, occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 and claudin-4 were strongly expressed in tumour cells with keratinization such as cancer pearls. Claudin-1 was heterogeneously expressed in unkeratinized tumour cells, whereas expression of occludin, ZO-1 and claudin-4 was decreased or absent. In BD, aberrant expression of occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 and claudin-4 was observed at the cell-cell borders in addition to their expression patterns observed in normal epidermis. Conclusions: Expression of occludin. ZO-1 and claudin-4 is associated with keratinization in SCC and BD. However, the heterogeneous expression of claudin-1 in SCC is not determined only by keratinization.展开更多
To compare vitreous concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) achieved by prior therapeutic intravitreal and subtenon injections. Interventional case ser ies. Vitreous samples were collected from patients who req...To compare vitreous concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) achieved by prior therapeutic intravitreal and subtenon injections. Interventional case ser ies. Vitreous samples were collected from patients who required vitreous surgery , six having received a subtenon injection of TA and another six, an intravitrea l injection. Vitreous concentrations of TA were measured by high-performance li quid chromatography. Vitreous concentrations of TA after intravitreal injection were 1.22 ±.0.24 μg/ml, significantly higher than those after subtenon injecti on ( < 0.001 μg/ml, P=0.003). Vitreous concentrations of TA after subtenon inje ction and TA-assisted vitrectomy performed in a few patients to visualize the t ransparent vitreous gel were 0.20 ±0.11 μg/ml, an intermediate amount between these two groups. Much higher vitreous concentrations of TA after intravitreal i njection than subtenon injection may accelerate therapeutic effect when intravit real injections are given to reduce macular edema. Subtenon injections of TA may act via the sclera as opposed to the vitreous.展开更多
文摘Background: The epidermis, which is a typical stratified epithelium, has tight junctions (TJs) in the granular layer, as do simple epithelia. So far, abnormalities of TJs and involvement of claudin-1 have been reported in tumours of simple epithelia. Objectives: To examine the expression of TJ-associated proteins (occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 and claudin-4) in normal human epidermis and in malignant disorders of keratinization. Methods: Expression of the proteins in normal human epidermis, five cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin and five cases of Bowen’s disease (BD) was examined by immunofluorescence staining. Results: In normal human epidermis, occludin, ZO-1 and claudin-4 were expressed at the cell-cell borders in the granular layer specifically or dominantly, whereas claudin-1 was expressed in the whole epithelium. In SCC, occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 and claudin-4 were strongly expressed in tumour cells with keratinization such as cancer pearls. Claudin-1 was heterogeneously expressed in unkeratinized tumour cells, whereas expression of occludin, ZO-1 and claudin-4 was decreased or absent. In BD, aberrant expression of occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 and claudin-4 was observed at the cell-cell borders in addition to their expression patterns observed in normal epidermis. Conclusions: Expression of occludin. ZO-1 and claudin-4 is associated with keratinization in SCC and BD. However, the heterogeneous expression of claudin-1 in SCC is not determined only by keratinization.
文摘To compare vitreous concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) achieved by prior therapeutic intravitreal and subtenon injections. Interventional case ser ies. Vitreous samples were collected from patients who required vitreous surgery , six having received a subtenon injection of TA and another six, an intravitrea l injection. Vitreous concentrations of TA were measured by high-performance li quid chromatography. Vitreous concentrations of TA after intravitreal injection were 1.22 ±.0.24 μg/ml, significantly higher than those after subtenon injecti on ( < 0.001 μg/ml, P=0.003). Vitreous concentrations of TA after subtenon inje ction and TA-assisted vitrectomy performed in a few patients to visualize the t ransparent vitreous gel were 0.20 ±0.11 μg/ml, an intermediate amount between these two groups. Much higher vitreous concentrations of TA after intravitreal i njection than subtenon injection may accelerate therapeutic effect when intravit real injections are given to reduce macular edema. Subtenon injections of TA may act via the sclera as opposed to the vitreous.
