In this work,shale hydration Inhibition performance of tallow amine ethoxylate as a shale stabilizer in water based drilling fluid,was investigated through these tests:bentonite hydration inhibition test,bentonite sed...In this work,shale hydration Inhibition performance of tallow amine ethoxylate as a shale stabilizer in water based drilling fluid,was investigated through these tests:bentonite hydration inhibition test,bentonite sedimentation test,drill cutting recovery test,dynamic linear swelling test,wettability test,isothermal water adsorption test,and zeta potential test.The results showed that bentonite particles are not capable of being hydrated or dispersed in the mediums containing tallow amine ethoxylate;tallow amine ethoxylate had shown a comparable and competitive inhibition performance with potassium chloride as a common shale stabilizer in drilling industry.Some amine functional groups exist in tallow amine ethoxylate structure which are capable of forming hydrogen bonding with surfaces of bentonite particles.This phenomenon decreased the water adsorption on bentonite particles'surfaces which results in reduction of swelling.Tallow amine ethoxylate is also compatible with other common drilling fluid additives.展开更多
Estimation of rock mechanic parameters is an important issue in reservoir management.Uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)and elastic modulus are the most important factors in determining the rock mechanic parameters in ...Estimation of rock mechanic parameters is an important issue in reservoir management.Uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)and elastic modulus are the most important factors in determining the rock mechanic parameters in petroleum engineering studies.Accessibility to the parameters in fields such as designing fracture,analyzing of wellbore stability and drilling programming are very useful.The most accurate method to assign the aforementioned parameters is measuring these parameters in a laboratory.Laboratory determination of these parameters is problematic work due to technology issues,lack of laboratory equipment and coring problems in oil and gas wells,so indirect estimation of these parameters is required.Using well log data is the cheapest and most available approach in order to indirectly estimate these parameters.In this investigation,different models including multiple linear regression(MLR)and artificial neural network(ANN)(i.e.,multi linear perceptron(MLP)and radial basis function(RBF))were utilized for prediction of UCS via the three parameters of porosity,density and water saturation.These data were obtained from analysis of sonic,neutron,gamma ray and electric logs.The best results were obtained from a 3-15-1 MLP network which included one hidden layer and 15 neurons from the hidden layer using the trial and error method,and a 3-17-1 RBF which included 17 hidden neurons and a spread ò of 1.6.The core data from one of the carbonate Iranian oil fields(Asmari reservoir)were utilized for training,validation and testing of the networks,and correlation coefficients of 0.68,0.90 and 0.83 were obtained for MLR,MLP and RBF,respectively.展开更多
基金The authors thank Petroleum University of Technology(PUT)MS-9201309National Iranian Drilling Company(NIDC)C-26588-115/1581 for their great laboratory supports.Interminable specific appreciation honorably goes to Dr.Mohammad Kamal Ghassem Alaskari,Miss Nemati,laboratory head of Pars Drilling Fluids(PDF)company and also Mr.Nourbakhsh,member of Kimyagaran Chemical Industries Company,for their unforgettable conscientiously assistance to supplying the materials。
文摘In this work,shale hydration Inhibition performance of tallow amine ethoxylate as a shale stabilizer in water based drilling fluid,was investigated through these tests:bentonite hydration inhibition test,bentonite sedimentation test,drill cutting recovery test,dynamic linear swelling test,wettability test,isothermal water adsorption test,and zeta potential test.The results showed that bentonite particles are not capable of being hydrated or dispersed in the mediums containing tallow amine ethoxylate;tallow amine ethoxylate had shown a comparable and competitive inhibition performance with potassium chloride as a common shale stabilizer in drilling industry.Some amine functional groups exist in tallow amine ethoxylate structure which are capable of forming hydrogen bonding with surfaces of bentonite particles.This phenomenon decreased the water adsorption on bentonite particles'surfaces which results in reduction of swelling.Tallow amine ethoxylate is also compatible with other common drilling fluid additives.
基金The authors would like to thank the National Iranian South Oil Company(NISOC)for their support of the experimental data.
文摘Estimation of rock mechanic parameters is an important issue in reservoir management.Uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)and elastic modulus are the most important factors in determining the rock mechanic parameters in petroleum engineering studies.Accessibility to the parameters in fields such as designing fracture,analyzing of wellbore stability and drilling programming are very useful.The most accurate method to assign the aforementioned parameters is measuring these parameters in a laboratory.Laboratory determination of these parameters is problematic work due to technology issues,lack of laboratory equipment and coring problems in oil and gas wells,so indirect estimation of these parameters is required.Using well log data is the cheapest and most available approach in order to indirectly estimate these parameters.In this investigation,different models including multiple linear regression(MLR)and artificial neural network(ANN)(i.e.,multi linear perceptron(MLP)and radial basis function(RBF))were utilized for prediction of UCS via the three parameters of porosity,density and water saturation.These data were obtained from analysis of sonic,neutron,gamma ray and electric logs.The best results were obtained from a 3-15-1 MLP network which included one hidden layer and 15 neurons from the hidden layer using the trial and error method,and a 3-17-1 RBF which included 17 hidden neurons and a spread ò of 1.6.The core data from one of the carbonate Iranian oil fields(Asmari reservoir)were utilized for training,validation and testing of the networks,and correlation coefficients of 0.68,0.90 and 0.83 were obtained for MLR,MLP and RBF,respectively.
