Aim: Aging affects the appearance of the eyelids and the surrounding malar region. Blepharoplasty improves the aesthetic appearance of this region, and multiple variants of the procedure have been reported. We here re...Aim: Aging affects the appearance of the eyelids and the surrounding malar region. Blepharoplasty improves the aesthetic appearance of this region, and multiple variants of the procedure have been reported. We here report our technique for modified lower lid blepharoplasty and cheek lift for patients with hypoplastic malar regions, which was introduced after observing prominent lower orbital rims in patients with flat malar prominences after blepharoplasty. Methods: This technique combines standard canthopexy and cheek-lift for rejuvenation of the mid-face with redraping of orbital fat and concurrent sub orbicularis oculi fat pad (SOOF) lift to 'double-breast' the lower orbital margin. Data on 33 patients who had undergone this modified lower lid blepharoplasty was collected retrospectively. Results: Thirty-three patients underwent the modified lower lid blepharoplasty resulting in smooth and youthful appearance of the malar region that was consistent and sustained. No recurrence of V-deformity was observed on a median follow-up of 14 months. twenty-two (66.6%) and 11 (33.3%) patients were pleased and satisfied with postoperative outcomes respectively. Three (9.1%) patients experienced minor postoperative complications and no major complication was observed. Conclusion: The proposed modified lower lid blepharoplasty is a safe and effective alternative to the existing technique with improved aesthetic outcomes and therefore is recommended in patients with flat malar prominences.展开更多
Aim: Common pitfalls with existing breast reduction techniques include poor aesthetic outcome, such as development of a 'boxy' breast shape, and pseudoptosis. Presented here are a series of modifications to th...Aim: Common pitfalls with existing breast reduction techniques include poor aesthetic outcome, such as development of a 'boxy' breast shape, and pseudoptosis. Presented here are a series of modifications to the technique of central mound breast reduction, based on previous work, aimed at ensuring consistent aesthetic results which are maintained in the long-term. Methods: All patients undergoing bilateral breast reduction by the senior author over a 7-year period were included, with outcome data collected prospectively. A detailed description of the technique is offered. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients underwent bilateral breast reduction over the study period. Mean follow-up was 20.6 months. There were no cases of nipple necrosis or infection requiring antibiotics. There was one post-operative haematoma which required surgical evacuation. Three patients developed a degree of fat necrosis which was managed conservatively in two, but required surgical debridement for liquefactive necrosis in one. Results of these breast reductions at the second post-operative year and beyond are presented. Conclusion: The technique described offers benefits of improved predictability, consistency and longevity of aesthetic results over existing techniques. Development of pseudoptosis in particular is effectively delayed. The modifications described have not been shown to increase the rates of surgical complications.展开更多
Breast cleavage is defined by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists(IFAA),as the space present between a woman’s breasts.The width of the inter-mammary cleft is defined by the distance between th...Breast cleavage is defined by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists(IFAA),as the space present between a woman’s breasts.The width of the inter-mammary cleft is defined by the distance between the points of attachment of the breast tissue to the periosteal tissue.[1-3].展开更多
文摘Aim: Aging affects the appearance of the eyelids and the surrounding malar region. Blepharoplasty improves the aesthetic appearance of this region, and multiple variants of the procedure have been reported. We here report our technique for modified lower lid blepharoplasty and cheek lift for patients with hypoplastic malar regions, which was introduced after observing prominent lower orbital rims in patients with flat malar prominences after blepharoplasty. Methods: This technique combines standard canthopexy and cheek-lift for rejuvenation of the mid-face with redraping of orbital fat and concurrent sub orbicularis oculi fat pad (SOOF) lift to 'double-breast' the lower orbital margin. Data on 33 patients who had undergone this modified lower lid blepharoplasty was collected retrospectively. Results: Thirty-three patients underwent the modified lower lid blepharoplasty resulting in smooth and youthful appearance of the malar region that was consistent and sustained. No recurrence of V-deformity was observed on a median follow-up of 14 months. twenty-two (66.6%) and 11 (33.3%) patients were pleased and satisfied with postoperative outcomes respectively. Three (9.1%) patients experienced minor postoperative complications and no major complication was observed. Conclusion: The proposed modified lower lid blepharoplasty is a safe and effective alternative to the existing technique with improved aesthetic outcomes and therefore is recommended in patients with flat malar prominences.
文摘Aim: Common pitfalls with existing breast reduction techniques include poor aesthetic outcome, such as development of a 'boxy' breast shape, and pseudoptosis. Presented here are a series of modifications to the technique of central mound breast reduction, based on previous work, aimed at ensuring consistent aesthetic results which are maintained in the long-term. Methods: All patients undergoing bilateral breast reduction by the senior author over a 7-year period were included, with outcome data collected prospectively. A detailed description of the technique is offered. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients underwent bilateral breast reduction over the study period. Mean follow-up was 20.6 months. There were no cases of nipple necrosis or infection requiring antibiotics. There was one post-operative haematoma which required surgical evacuation. Three patients developed a degree of fat necrosis which was managed conservatively in two, but required surgical debridement for liquefactive necrosis in one. Results of these breast reductions at the second post-operative year and beyond are presented. Conclusion: The technique described offers benefits of improved predictability, consistency and longevity of aesthetic results over existing techniques. Development of pseudoptosis in particular is effectively delayed. The modifications described have not been shown to increase the rates of surgical complications.
文摘Breast cleavage is defined by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists(IFAA),as the space present between a woman’s breasts.The width of the inter-mammary cleft is defined by the distance between the points of attachment of the breast tissue to the periosteal tissue.[1-3].
