An experiment was conducted at the Mycology laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the efficacy of selected botanical extracts against Botrytis ...An experiment was conducted at the Mycology laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the efficacy of selected botanical extracts against Botrytis gladiolorum (Bg) causing gladiolus leaf blight. Infected leaves samples were collected from gladiolus farmers’ field and brought to the laboratory for study. Ten selected botanicals were used against the colony growth of (Bg). The botanicals were Mehendi, Chrysanthemum, Basil (Tulsi), Onion, Neem, Bael, Arjuna, Garlic, Aloevera (Ghritkumary) and Turmeric. Botanical extracts were applied at the rate of 5%, 10% and 20%. The radial mycelia growth was found minimum (11.60 mm) in garlic extract treated plate at the dose of 5% at 5 DAI, which was statistically similar with turmeric extract treated (14.00 mm) plate and the inhibition of growth was 60% and 51.72%, respectively. Similar trend was found at 10 DAI and 15 DAI. At 15 DAI, garlic and turmeric extract gave the best result against Bg, which was statistically similar with onion (50.07% inhibition) and mehendi (49.93%). All botanicals showed significantly different results over control and found effective in reducing the mycelial growth at the dose of 10%. At 5 DAI, no radial mycelia growth was found in garlic treated plate, which was statistically similar with onion treated plate, means that the inhibition of growth was 100%. Similar trend was also found at 10 DAI, and 15 DAI but at 15 DAI, onion (30.20 mm) gave the statistically similar results with Garlic (30.10 mm) and the mycelia growth inhibition was (57.70%) and (57.84%), respectively. In case of 20% dose, garlic extract showed the best result at 5 DAI and the radial mycelia growth was found minimum (00.00 mm) which was statistically similar with onion extract treated (00.00 mm) plate and turmeric extract treated plate. The inhibition of growth was 100%. At 15 DAI, the inhibition of fungal growth was found (73.74%), (71.23%) and (66.90%), respectively with treated by turmeric (18.80 mm), garlic (20.60 mm) and onion (23.70 mm).展开更多
One thirty samples (fifty-five potato tubers, twenty-seven potato stems, three chili stems, twenty-eight soil samples, five weed samples, three banana leaves, and nine water samples) were examined and one hundred six ...One thirty samples (fifty-five potato tubers, twenty-seven potato stems, three chili stems, twenty-eight soil samples, five weed samples, three banana leaves, and nine water samples) were examined and one hundred six (106) Bangladeshi isolates of <em>Ralstonia solanacearum</em> were isolated and identified. Isolation was made on selective media (Tetrazolium chloride media) and <em>R. solanacearum</em> was identified based on morphological, pathological and biochemical properties and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by using the species-specific primers. Studies showed that 81.54% (106) samples were positive on tetrazolium chloride solid medium. Among them 90 isolates were virulent and rest of them were avirulent. Fifty isolates were selected for chemical characterization based on hypersensitivity test. <em>R. solanacearum</em> is gram negative, aerobic facultative bacteria on the basis of chemical characterization. Fifty tested isolates expressed as race 3 while in biovar test forty-eight showed as biovar III and the rest two showed as biovar I. In nine tested isolates from the three districts a species-specific band of 280 bp was amplified in PCR that confirmed the identity of <em>R. solanacerum</em>.展开更多
The main purpose of this paper is to prove some common fixed point theorems for pointwise R-subweakly commuting maps on non-starshaped domains in p-normed spaces and locally convex topological vector spaces. As applic...The main purpose of this paper is to prove some common fixed point theorems for pointwise R-subweakly commuting maps on non-starshaped domains in p-normed spaces and locally convex topological vector spaces. As applications, invariant approximation results are established. This work provides extension as well as substantial improvement of several results in the existing literature.展开更多
文摘An experiment was conducted at the Mycology laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the efficacy of selected botanical extracts against Botrytis gladiolorum (Bg) causing gladiolus leaf blight. Infected leaves samples were collected from gladiolus farmers’ field and brought to the laboratory for study. Ten selected botanicals were used against the colony growth of (Bg). The botanicals were Mehendi, Chrysanthemum, Basil (Tulsi), Onion, Neem, Bael, Arjuna, Garlic, Aloevera (Ghritkumary) and Turmeric. Botanical extracts were applied at the rate of 5%, 10% and 20%. The radial mycelia growth was found minimum (11.60 mm) in garlic extract treated plate at the dose of 5% at 5 DAI, which was statistically similar with turmeric extract treated (14.00 mm) plate and the inhibition of growth was 60% and 51.72%, respectively. Similar trend was found at 10 DAI and 15 DAI. At 15 DAI, garlic and turmeric extract gave the best result against Bg, which was statistically similar with onion (50.07% inhibition) and mehendi (49.93%). All botanicals showed significantly different results over control and found effective in reducing the mycelial growth at the dose of 10%. At 5 DAI, no radial mycelia growth was found in garlic treated plate, which was statistically similar with onion treated plate, means that the inhibition of growth was 100%. Similar trend was also found at 10 DAI, and 15 DAI but at 15 DAI, onion (30.20 mm) gave the statistically similar results with Garlic (30.10 mm) and the mycelia growth inhibition was (57.70%) and (57.84%), respectively. In case of 20% dose, garlic extract showed the best result at 5 DAI and the radial mycelia growth was found minimum (00.00 mm) which was statistically similar with onion extract treated (00.00 mm) plate and turmeric extract treated plate. The inhibition of growth was 100%. At 15 DAI, the inhibition of fungal growth was found (73.74%), (71.23%) and (66.90%), respectively with treated by turmeric (18.80 mm), garlic (20.60 mm) and onion (23.70 mm).
文摘One thirty samples (fifty-five potato tubers, twenty-seven potato stems, three chili stems, twenty-eight soil samples, five weed samples, three banana leaves, and nine water samples) were examined and one hundred six (106) Bangladeshi isolates of <em>Ralstonia solanacearum</em> were isolated and identified. Isolation was made on selective media (Tetrazolium chloride media) and <em>R. solanacearum</em> was identified based on morphological, pathological and biochemical properties and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by using the species-specific primers. Studies showed that 81.54% (106) samples were positive on tetrazolium chloride solid medium. Among them 90 isolates were virulent and rest of them were avirulent. Fifty isolates were selected for chemical characterization based on hypersensitivity test. <em>R. solanacearum</em> is gram negative, aerobic facultative bacteria on the basis of chemical characterization. Fifty tested isolates expressed as race 3 while in biovar test forty-eight showed as biovar III and the rest two showed as biovar I. In nine tested isolates from the three districts a species-specific band of 280 bp was amplified in PCR that confirmed the identity of <em>R. solanacerum</em>.
文摘The main purpose of this paper is to prove some common fixed point theorems for pointwise R-subweakly commuting maps on non-starshaped domains in p-normed spaces and locally convex topological vector spaces. As applications, invariant approximation results are established. This work provides extension as well as substantial improvement of several results in the existing literature.
