Aim:To evaluate the safety of the long term vas occlusion with styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) and its non-invasive reversal at the level of accessory reproductive glands (ARGs) in langurs.Methods:The morphology of sem...Aim:To evaluate the safety of the long term vas occlusion with styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) and its non-invasive reversal at the level of accessory reproductive glands (ARGs) in langurs.Methods:The morphology of seminal vesicle and ventral prostate was evaluated by light as well as transmission electron microscopy.Serum clinical chemistry and urine albumin were evaluated in an autoanalyzer using reagent kits.Fructose,acid phosphatase and zinc in the seminal plasma were evaluated spectrophotometrically according to the WHO manual.Serum testosterone, prostate specific antigen and sperm antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using reagent kits and hematology was estimated according to standard procedures.Results:The morphological features and secretory activity of the seminal vesicle and prostate were normal as evidenced by the presence of well- developed mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi bodies,secretory granules and normal nuclear charac- teristics throughout the course of investigation.Serum testosterone and prostate specific antigen remained unaltered and serum antisperm antibodies level presented negative titres.Urine albumin was nil.Total red blood corpuscles (RBC),white blood corpuscles (WBC),hemoglobin (Hb) and red cell indices,serum protein,glucose,cholesterol, creatinine,creatine kinase (CK),serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT),serum glutamate pyruvate transami- nase (SGPT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),bilirubin,urea,triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) did not show appreciable changes following vas occlusion and after its non-invasive reversal.Although fructose,acid phos- phatase (ACP) and zinc in the seminal plasma showed a significant reduction following vas occlusion,it could not be related to the morphology of seminal vesicle and prostate.Conclusion:SMA vas occlusion and its non-invasive reversal do not damage the accessory reproductive organs.展开更多
Tolnidamine (50 mg / kg body wt. / alternate day for 90 days; oral) was investigated for its contraceptive efficacy, causes of irreversibility, and side-effects by assessment of seminal characteristics and biochemistr...Tolnidamine (50 mg / kg body wt. / alternate day for 90 days; oral) was investigated for its contraceptive efficacy, causes of irreversibility, and side-effects by assessment of seminal characteristics and biochemistry, morphometry, libido and clinical investigations in adult male langur monkeys ( Presbytis entellus entellus Dufresne) . Semen weight, volume, colour, pH and libido remained unaltered. Sperm motility, vitality and morphology were impaired with the advancement of the treatment. Increased number of immature germ cells was also noted. Sperm density reduced to severe oligospermia following 45 days of treatment and remained low during recovery period. A marked reversible reduction in seminal GPC and magnesium levels was notieed, while other biachemical parameters remained unchanged. Irreversible changes in various morphometric data of Sertoli cells and spermatogonia were observed. Circulatory levels of testosterone fluctuated within pretreatment range. A significant but reversible elevation in serum creatinine was evident. The possible causes for irreversibility are the ever lasting alterations in the morphometry of Sertoli ceils and spermatogonia.展开更多
文摘Aim:To evaluate the safety of the long term vas occlusion with styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) and its non-invasive reversal at the level of accessory reproductive glands (ARGs) in langurs.Methods:The morphology of seminal vesicle and ventral prostate was evaluated by light as well as transmission electron microscopy.Serum clinical chemistry and urine albumin were evaluated in an autoanalyzer using reagent kits.Fructose,acid phosphatase and zinc in the seminal plasma were evaluated spectrophotometrically according to the WHO manual.Serum testosterone, prostate specific antigen and sperm antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using reagent kits and hematology was estimated according to standard procedures.Results:The morphological features and secretory activity of the seminal vesicle and prostate were normal as evidenced by the presence of well- developed mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi bodies,secretory granules and normal nuclear charac- teristics throughout the course of investigation.Serum testosterone and prostate specific antigen remained unaltered and serum antisperm antibodies level presented negative titres.Urine albumin was nil.Total red blood corpuscles (RBC),white blood corpuscles (WBC),hemoglobin (Hb) and red cell indices,serum protein,glucose,cholesterol, creatinine,creatine kinase (CK),serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT),serum glutamate pyruvate transami- nase (SGPT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),bilirubin,urea,triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) did not show appreciable changes following vas occlusion and after its non-invasive reversal.Although fructose,acid phos- phatase (ACP) and zinc in the seminal plasma showed a significant reduction following vas occlusion,it could not be related to the morphology of seminal vesicle and prostate.Conclusion:SMA vas occlusion and its non-invasive reversal do not damage the accessory reproductive organs.
文摘Tolnidamine (50 mg / kg body wt. / alternate day for 90 days; oral) was investigated for its contraceptive efficacy, causes of irreversibility, and side-effects by assessment of seminal characteristics and biochemistry, morphometry, libido and clinical investigations in adult male langur monkeys ( Presbytis entellus entellus Dufresne) . Semen weight, volume, colour, pH and libido remained unaltered. Sperm motility, vitality and morphology were impaired with the advancement of the treatment. Increased number of immature germ cells was also noted. Sperm density reduced to severe oligospermia following 45 days of treatment and remained low during recovery period. A marked reversible reduction in seminal GPC and magnesium levels was notieed, while other biachemical parameters remained unchanged. Irreversible changes in various morphometric data of Sertoli cells and spermatogonia were observed. Circulatory levels of testosterone fluctuated within pretreatment range. A significant but reversible elevation in serum creatinine was evident. The possible causes for irreversibility are the ever lasting alterations in the morphometry of Sertoli ceils and spermatogonia.
