目的分别在光固化灯(VALO®Cordless)超高功率和常规功率两种固化模式下研究窝沟封闭材料的封闭效果,比较微渗漏程度和操作时间的差异,为临床提供参考。方法收集符合纳入标准的青少年磨牙及前磨牙,共计80颗,窝沟封闭剂分别是:A组和...目的分别在光固化灯(VALO®Cordless)超高功率和常规功率两种固化模式下研究窝沟封闭材料的封闭效果,比较微渗漏程度和操作时间的差异,为临床提供参考。方法收集符合纳入标准的青少年磨牙及前磨牙,共计80颗,窝沟封闭剂分别是:A组和B组采用自酸蚀粘接剂(3M ESPE Single Bond Universal)与流动树脂(3M ESPE FiltekTM Z350 XT)联合应用,C组和D组采用自酸蚀自粘接流体树脂(DMG-Constic),固化模式分别为A组和C组采取常规光固化;B组和D组采取超能量光固化。所有标本在0.1%罗丹明B荧光染液中浸泡24 h后进行编号、切割,在激光共聚焦显微镜镜下观察4组试样的封闭剂与牙釉质本质界之间的渗漏程度,记录微渗漏值进行统计学分析。结果(1)4组试样的微渗漏深度值分别为:A组(375.08±32.4)μm,B组(340.04±35.99)μm,C组(306.71±13.56)μm,D组(265.27±24.69)μm;(2)A组、C组、D组的操作时间大于B组,在相同光固化模式及相同粘接技术条件下,各组之间的操作时间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同光固化模式和不同树脂在操作时间上有交互作用;A组、B组、C组的微渗漏值大于D组,且在相同光固化模式及相同粘接技术条件下,各组之间的微渗漏值存在差异(P<0.05),不同光固化模式和不同树脂在微渗漏程度上没有交互作用。结论在超能量光固化模式下,虽然使用自酸蚀粘接剂联合流动树脂进行窝沟封闭使用的时间最少,但使用自酸蚀自粘接流体树脂进行操作能有效地减小微渗漏,提高治疗效果,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
The microstructure differences of the Triassic Chang 6 and Chang 8 members tight reservoirs in the Longdong area of Ordos Basin were compared by means of cast thin sections, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffrac...The microstructure differences of the Triassic Chang 6 and Chang 8 members tight reservoirs in the Longdong area of Ordos Basin were compared by means of cast thin sections, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and constant rate mercury injection. Their pore evolution models were established, and the effects of main diagenesis on densification were examined. The throat is the main factor controlling the physical properties of the Chang 6 and Chang 8 members reservoirs: The lower the permeability, the smaller and the more concentrated the throat radius and the larger the proportion of the throats in the effective storage space. There are several obvious differences between Chang 6 and Chang 8 members:(1) with the increase of permeability, the contribution of the relative large throats to the permeability in the Chang 8 member reservoir is more than that in the Chang 6 member reservoir;(2) the control effect on pore-throat ratio of the nano-throats in the Chang 6 member reservoir is more significant. The sedimentary action determines the primary pore structure of the Chang 6 and Chang 8 members sand bodies, and the diagenesis is the main factor controlling the densification of the reservoirs. Because of the difference in rock fabrics and the chlorite content of Chang 6 and Chang 8, the strong compaction resulted in less porosity reduction(17%) of the Chang 81 reservoir with larger buried depth and larger ground temperature than the Chang 63 reservoir(19%). The siliceous, calcareous and clay minerals cement filling the pores and blocking the pore throat, which is the key factor causing the big differences between the reservoir permeability of Chang 6 and Chang 8 members.展开更多
After 50 years of oil and gas exploration in Longdong area of southwest Ordos Basin,NW China,a deep coal-formed gas field was discovered for the first time in Qingyang area.Through observation of field outcrops and co...After 50 years of oil and gas exploration in Longdong area of southwest Ordos Basin,NW China,a deep coal-formed gas field was discovered for the first time in Qingyang area.Through observation of field outcrops and core,analysis of common,cast and cathode thin sections,Ro and other geochemistry indexes,carbon isotope,electron microscope and other supporting tests and analyses,the hydrocarbon generation,reserves formation and reservoir formation characteristics of gas reservoirs at different buried depths in Yishaan slope were examined and compared.The deep gas reservoir has an average buried depth of more than 4200 m,and the main gas-bearing formation is the Member 1 of Lower Permian Shanxi Formation,which is characterized by low porosity,low permeability,low pressure and low abundance.It is believed that hydrocarbon generation in thin seam coal source rocks with high thermal evolution can form large gas fields,high-quality sandstone reservoirs with dissolved pores,intergranular pores and intercrystalline pores can still develop in late diagenetic stage under deep burial depth and high thermal evolution,and fractures improve the permeability of reservoirs.High drying coefficient of natural gas and negative carbon isotope series are typical geochemical characteristics of deep coal-formed gas.The integrated exploration and development method has been innovated,and the economic and effective development mode of gas fields of"dissecting sand body by framework vertical wells,centralized development by horizontal wells"has been formed.The discovery and successful exploration of the large gas field has provided geological basis and technical support for the construction of natural gas fields of 100 billion cubic meter scale in the southwest of the basin,and has important guidance for exploration of coal-derived gas with deep buried depth and high thermal evolution widely distributed in China.展开更多
文摘目的分别在光固化灯(VALO®Cordless)超高功率和常规功率两种固化模式下研究窝沟封闭材料的封闭效果,比较微渗漏程度和操作时间的差异,为临床提供参考。方法收集符合纳入标准的青少年磨牙及前磨牙,共计80颗,窝沟封闭剂分别是:A组和B组采用自酸蚀粘接剂(3M ESPE Single Bond Universal)与流动树脂(3M ESPE FiltekTM Z350 XT)联合应用,C组和D组采用自酸蚀自粘接流体树脂(DMG-Constic),固化模式分别为A组和C组采取常规光固化;B组和D组采取超能量光固化。所有标本在0.1%罗丹明B荧光染液中浸泡24 h后进行编号、切割,在激光共聚焦显微镜镜下观察4组试样的封闭剂与牙釉质本质界之间的渗漏程度,记录微渗漏值进行统计学分析。结果(1)4组试样的微渗漏深度值分别为:A组(375.08±32.4)μm,B组(340.04±35.99)μm,C组(306.71±13.56)μm,D组(265.27±24.69)μm;(2)A组、C组、D组的操作时间大于B组,在相同光固化模式及相同粘接技术条件下,各组之间的操作时间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同光固化模式和不同树脂在操作时间上有交互作用;A组、B组、C组的微渗漏值大于D组,且在相同光固化模式及相同粘接技术条件下,各组之间的微渗漏值存在差异(P<0.05),不同光固化模式和不同树脂在微渗漏程度上没有交互作用。结论在超能量光固化模式下,虽然使用自酸蚀粘接剂联合流动树脂进行窝沟封闭使用的时间最少,但使用自酸蚀自粘接流体树脂进行操作能有效地减小微渗漏,提高治疗效果,值得临床推广应用。
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(20162X050500062011ZX05044)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41102083)
文摘The microstructure differences of the Triassic Chang 6 and Chang 8 members tight reservoirs in the Longdong area of Ordos Basin were compared by means of cast thin sections, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and constant rate mercury injection. Their pore evolution models were established, and the effects of main diagenesis on densification were examined. The throat is the main factor controlling the physical properties of the Chang 6 and Chang 8 members reservoirs: The lower the permeability, the smaller and the more concentrated the throat radius and the larger the proportion of the throats in the effective storage space. There are several obvious differences between Chang 6 and Chang 8 members:(1) with the increase of permeability, the contribution of the relative large throats to the permeability in the Chang 8 member reservoir is more than that in the Chang 6 member reservoir;(2) the control effect on pore-throat ratio of the nano-throats in the Chang 6 member reservoir is more significant. The sedimentary action determines the primary pore structure of the Chang 6 and Chang 8 members sand bodies, and the diagenesis is the main factor controlling the densification of the reservoirs. Because of the difference in rock fabrics and the chlorite content of Chang 6 and Chang 8, the strong compaction resulted in less porosity reduction(17%) of the Chang 81 reservoir with larger buried depth and larger ground temperature than the Chang 63 reservoir(19%). The siliceous, calcareous and clay minerals cement filling the pores and blocking the pore throat, which is the key factor causing the big differences between the reservoir permeability of Chang 6 and Chang 8 members.
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program(973 Program),China(2014CB239003)China National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05050,2017ZX05001002).
文摘After 50 years of oil and gas exploration in Longdong area of southwest Ordos Basin,NW China,a deep coal-formed gas field was discovered for the first time in Qingyang area.Through observation of field outcrops and core,analysis of common,cast and cathode thin sections,Ro and other geochemistry indexes,carbon isotope,electron microscope and other supporting tests and analyses,the hydrocarbon generation,reserves formation and reservoir formation characteristics of gas reservoirs at different buried depths in Yishaan slope were examined and compared.The deep gas reservoir has an average buried depth of more than 4200 m,and the main gas-bearing formation is the Member 1 of Lower Permian Shanxi Formation,which is characterized by low porosity,low permeability,low pressure and low abundance.It is believed that hydrocarbon generation in thin seam coal source rocks with high thermal evolution can form large gas fields,high-quality sandstone reservoirs with dissolved pores,intergranular pores and intercrystalline pores can still develop in late diagenetic stage under deep burial depth and high thermal evolution,and fractures improve the permeability of reservoirs.High drying coefficient of natural gas and negative carbon isotope series are typical geochemical characteristics of deep coal-formed gas.The integrated exploration and development method has been innovated,and the economic and effective development mode of gas fields of"dissecting sand body by framework vertical wells,centralized development by horizontal wells"has been formed.The discovery and successful exploration of the large gas field has provided geological basis and technical support for the construction of natural gas fields of 100 billion cubic meter scale in the southwest of the basin,and has important guidance for exploration of coal-derived gas with deep buried depth and high thermal evolution widely distributed in China.
