双拉钩胸骨抬高法在胸腔镜剑突下胸腺扩大切除术中的临床应用

目的分析胸腔镜剑突下胸腺扩大切除术中采取双拉钩胸骨抬高法的临床应用效果。方法选取广东省农垦中心医院于2021年2月—2022年2月收治的42例胸腺瘤伴重症肌无力患者为研究对象,由随机数表法分为两组,即参考组(常规入路方式实施胸腔镜剑突下胸腺扩大切除手术)21例、研究组(参考组的基础上实施双拉钩胸骨抬高方案)21例,对比两组效果、手术操作时间、术后发生并发症情况。结果研究组治疗有效率为95.24%,高于参考组的90.48%,但差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.000,P>0.05);研究组手术相关指标优于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率为4.76%,低于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以双拉钩胸骨抬高方案辅助胸腕镜剑突下胸腺扩大切除手术治疗胸腺瘤伴重症肌无力患者时,手术视野扩大,手术操作的空间拓展,手术时间缩减,不会给机体带来较大创伤,手术成功率、安全性良好。

Correlation between COVID-19 vaccination and diabetes mellitus:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is one of the current global public health threats and vaccination is the most effective tool to reduce the spread and decrease the severity of COVID-19.Diabetes is one of the important chronic diseases threatening human health and is a common comorbidity of COVID-19.What is the impact of diabetes on the immunization effect of COVID-19 vaccination?Conversely,does vaccination against COVID-19 exacerbate the severity of pre-existing diseases in patients with diabetes?There are limited and conflicting data on the interrelationship between diabetes and COVID-19 vaccination.AIM To explore the clinical factors and possible mechanisms underlying the interaction between COVID-19 vaccination and diabetes.METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Reference Citation Analysis(https://www.referencecitationanalysis.com)online datab-ases,and medRxiv and bioRxiv gray literature using the keywords"SARSCoV-2","COVID-19","vaccine","vaccination","antibody",and"diabetes"individually or in combination,with a cut-off date of December 2,2022.We followed inclusion and exclusion criteria and after excluding duplicate publications,studies with quantifiable evidence were included in the full-text review,plus three manually searched publications,resulting in 54 studies being included in this review.RESULTS A total of 54 studies were included,from 17 countries.There were no randomized controlled studies.The largest sample size was 350963.The youngest of the included samples was 5 years old and the oldest was 98 years old.The included population included the general population and also some special populations with pediatric diabetes,hemodialysis,solid organ transplantation,and autoimmune diseases.The earliest study began in November 2020.Thirty studies discussed the effect of diabetes on vaccination,with the majority indicating that diabetes reduces the response to COVID-19 vaccination.The other 24 studies were on the effect of vaccination on diabetes,which included 18 case reports/series.Most of the studies concluded that COVID-19 vaccination had a risk of causing elevated blood glucose.A total of 12 of the 54 included studies indicated a"no effect"relationship between diabetes and vaccination.CONCLUSION There is a complex relationship between vaccination and diabetes with a bidirectional effect.Vaccination may contribute to the risk of worsening blood glucose in diabetic patients and diabetic patients may have a lower antibody response after vaccination than the general population.

乳腺癌改良根治术中局部应用沙培林对减少皮下积液的疗效分析

目的:分析乳腺癌改良根治术中局部应用沙培林对皮下积液的疗效。方法:选择2016年7月—2017年11月住院行乳腺癌改良根治术治疗的87例患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组43例,对照组44例。观察组手术创面喷洒沙培林,对照组手术创面不使用沙培林。分析比较两组年龄、体质量、身体质量指数、体力状况(PS)评分、腋窝淋巴结转移数、肿瘤大小和病理分期;比较两组患者术后引流量和置管时间,同时观察患者是否有发热、切口疼痛、皮下积液、皮瓣坏死和皮瓣感染等术后并发症。结果:两组在年龄、体质量、体质量指数、体力状况评分、腋窝淋巴结转移数、肿瘤大小和病理分期方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后引流量低于对照组,引流管置管时间和住院天数短于对照组,发生皮下积液的患者人数明显少于对照组(P<0.01);两组患者术后发热、加疼痛、皮瓣坏死和感染等并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:乳腺癌改良根治术中局部应用沙培林可有效减少引流量及引流管留置时间,预防皮下积液的发生。

一种快速时间相位展开方法

为了实现物体形貌的快速三维测量,提出了一种基于四步相移的快速时间相位展开方法。与传统四步相移不同,增加了2幅相连周期相移量相差为π的条纹图。根据四步相移条纹图获取包裹相位,通过增加的2幅条纹图结合四步相移条纹图中的2幅获得辅助相位。最后通过包裹相位和辅助相位共同确定条纹级次,所得条纹级次不易出错。与格雷码和相位编码方法相比,该方法只需要6幅条纹图且算法简单,可以实现物体形貌的快速测量。实验结果验证了所提方法的可行性,测量的均方根误差(RMSE)为0.037 mm。

Correlation between COVID-19 and hepatitis B:A systematic review

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)frequently present with liver impairment.Hepatitis B virus(HBV)remains a major public health threat in current society.Both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and HBV can cause liver damage,and current findings on whether HBV infection increases disease severity in COVID-19 patients are inconsistent,and whether SARS-CoV-2 infection accelerates hepatitis B progression or leads to a worse prognosis in hepatitis B patients has not been adequately elucidated.AIM To explore the complex relationship between COVID-19 and hepatitis B in order to inform the research and management of patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and HBV.METHODS An experienced information specialist searched the literature in the following online databases:PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Google Scholar,Scopus,Wiley,Web of Science,Cochrane,and ScienceDirect.The literature published from December 2019 to September 1,2022 was included in the search.We also searched medRxiv and bioRxiv for gray literature and manually scanned references of included articles.Articles reporting studies conducted in humans discussing hepatitis B and COVID-19 were included.We excluded duplicate publications.News reports,reports,and other gray literature were included if they contained quantifiable evidence(case reports,findings,and qualitative analysis).Some topics that included HBV or COVID-19 samples but did not have quantitative evidence were excluded from the review.RESULTS A total of 57 studies were eligible and included in this review.They were from 11 countries,of which 33(57.9%)were from China.Forty-two of the 57 studies reported abnormalities in liver enzymes,three mainly reported abnormalities in blood parameters,four indicated no significant liver function alterations,and another eight studies did not provide data on changes in liver function.Fifty-seven studies were retrospective and the total number of co-infections was 1932,the largest sample size was 7723,and the largest number of co-infections was 353.Most of the studies suggested an interaction between hepatitis B and COVID-19,while 12 studies clearly indicated no interaction between hepatitis B and COVID-19.Six of the 57 studies clearly reported HBV activation.Six studies were related to liver transplant patients.CONCLUSION There is some association between COVID-19 and hepatitis B.Future high-quality randomized trials are needed to further elucidate the interaction between COVID-19 and hepatitis B.

Reversible Release and Fixation of Bromine in Vacancy-Ordered Bromide Perovskites

Bromine is an irreplaceable reagent for many important applications including necessary additive for flame retardants and rubber treatment.However,the toxicity,causticity,and vaporability of bromine make the safe usage and transportation of bromine challenging,which can be alleviated by the bromine prefixation.Herein,vacancy-ordered bromide perovskites such as Cs^(4)Sb_(2)Br_(12)and Cs_(2)PdBr_(6)are selected out for the bromine fixation through density-functional theory calculations and experiments.The redox within the bromide perovskites is designed to provide the driving force for the reversible release and fixation of bromine.Heating and cooling the title bromide perovskites in a necked ampoule make the bromine visible and separable from the solid residue.The composition engineering(i.e.,Cs_(4)Sb_(2)Br_(12)vs Rb_(4)Sb_(2)Br_(12),and Cs_(4)Sb_(2)Br_(12)vs Cs_(2)PdBr_(6))can effectively tune the stability(against water and high temperature)and the bromine storage capacity(from9.30%to 18.76%).In addition,this work can provide a one-step preparation method for the liquid bromine without further purification.

Stress regulation of photosynthetic system of Phaeocystis globosa and their hemolytic activity

Blooms of Phaeocystis globosa have been reported accountable for massive fi sh mortality worldwide.The toxigenic mechanisms of P.globosa,however,remain largely unclear due to the multiple structures and/or synergistic or antagonistic ef fects of hemolytic compounds.External stressors could lead to the regulation of photoprotective or antioxidative defense system,as well as the potential hemolytic activity.Therefore,the light-induced photosynthetic system,including the accessory photosynthetic growth,the relative electron transfer rate(ETR),photosynthetic e ffi ciency(F_(v)/F_(m)),quantum yield of photosystem II(Yield),together with the hemolytic activity of P.globosa were investigated under variable environmental conditions in the present study.Results confirmed that hemolytic activity of P.globosa was initiated by the light,but inhibited by low temperature(16℃),high light intensity(>100μmol/(m^(2)·s)),and iron-limited conditions.Interestingly,the hemolytic activity was not impacted by photosynthetic electron inhibitors(Diuron,atrazine,paraquat,and dibromothymoquinone),which signifi cantly inhibited the photosynthetic activity of P.globosa.The correlated response of hemolytic and photosynthetic activity of P.globosa under those environmental factors suggested that the hemolytic compounds of P.globosa would be involved in the photosynthetic process but not in the electron transfer chain of P.globosa.

Amorphous Sn modified nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets with rapid capacitive mechanism for highcapacity and fast-charging lithium-ion batteries

Sn-based materials are considered as a kind of potential anode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to their high theoretical capacity.However,their use is limited by large volume expansion deriving from the lithiation/delithiation process.In this work,amorphous Sn modified nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets(ASnNPCNs)are obtained.The synergistic effect of amorphous Sn and high edge-nitrogendoped level porous carbon nanosheets provides ASn-NPCNs with multiple advantages containing abundant defect sites,high specific surface area(214.9 m^(2)·g^(−1)),and rich hierarchical pores,which can promote the lithium-ion storage.Serving as the LIB anode,the as-prepared ASn-NPCNs-750 electrode exhibits an ultrahigh capacity of 1643 mAh·g^(−1) at 0.1 A·g^(−1),ultrafast rate performance of 490 mAh·g^(−1) at 10 A·g^(−1),and superior long-term cycling performance of 988 mAh·g^(−1) at 1 A·g^(−1) after 2000 cycles with a capacity retention of 98.9%.Furthermore,the in-depth electrochemical kinetic test confirms that the ultrahigh-capacity and fast-charging performance of the ASn-NPCNs750 electrode is ascribed to the rapid capacitive mechanism.These impressive results indicate that ASn-NPCNs-750 can be a potential anode material for high-capacity and fast-charging LIBs.

Polyurethane foam-supported three-dimensional interconnected graphene nanosheets network encapsulated in polydimethylsiloxane to achieve significant thermal conductivity enhancement

Polyurethane(PU)foams are widely used in thermal management materials due to their good flexibility.However,their low thermal conductivity limits the efficiency.To address this issue,we developed a new method to produce tannic acid(TA)-modified graphene nanosheets(GTs)-encapsulated PU(PU@GT)foams using the soft template microstructure and a facile layer-by-layer(L-B-L)assembly method.The resulting PU@GT scaffolds have ordered and tightly stacked GTs layers that act as three-dimensional(3D)highly interconnected thermal networks.These networks are further infiltrated with polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).The through-plane thermal conductivity of the polymer composite reaches 1.58 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1) at a low filler loading of 7.9 wt.%,which is 1115%higher than that of the polymer matrix.Moreover,the mechanical property of the composite is~2 times higher than that of the polymer matrix while preserving good flexibility of the polymer matrix owing to the retention of the PU foam template and the construction of a stable 3D graphene network.This work presents a facile and scalable production approach to fabricate lightweight PU@GT/PDMS polymer composites with excellent thermal and mechanical performance,which implies a promising future in thermal management systems of electronic devices.

Proteomic analysis of differently expressed proteins in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 with transfecting hepatitis B virus X gene

Background Hepatitis B virus encoded X protein （HBx） is a trans-activating protein that may be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, although few natural effectors of HBx that participate in this process have been identified. We screened, by comparative proteomics method, effectors of HBx associated with hepatocarcinogenesis.Methods HBx positive and negative HepG2 cells were constructed and expression patterns of cellular proteins were obtained by high resolution, two dimensional electrophoresis. Comprehensive analyses of proteins associated with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） were focused on the differently expressed proteins （more than two-fold increase or decrease, P 〈0.05） from HBx positive and negative HepG2 cells. For peptide mass fingerprinting, protein spots with different intensity between HBx positive and negative HepG2 cells were directly cut out of gels and processed for matrix assisted, laser desorption/ionization, time of flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-MS/MS） analysis.Results The mean number of protein spots for HBx negative and HBx positive HepG2 cells were 2095±137 and 2188±105, respectively. The analysis of paired cells showed 75 spots with significant differences in expression between HBx negative and HBx positive cells： 37 spots corresponding to 32 different proteins; 25 proteins were upregulated, 7 downregulated. We found 7 proteins not previously reported differentially expressed in HBx positive HepG2 cells. Variations in protein accumulation were confirmed for four （HSP90AB1, BCL2 associated athanogene 2. nucleophosmin and chloride intracellular channel 1） by Western blotting in HBx positive HepG2 cells.Conclusions Numerous effectors of HBx that may promote the development of HCC are identified, of which 7 are newly noted in HepG2 cells. Several of these effectors of HBx may help in elucidating the roles of HBx in hepatocarcinogenesis and diagnostics or targets for therapeutic intervention.

雕塑在这里相聚 世界在这里相聚——麦积山国际雕塑论坛·2018

2018年7月27-28日,由中国雕塑学会、敦煌研究院、西安美术学院、天水市人民政府共同主办,西安美术学院雕塑系、麦积山石窟艺术研究所、清华大学美术学院雕塑系承办的《麦积山国际雕塑论坛·2018》在麦积山论坛酒店正式举行。开幕式由西安美术学院雕塑系主任王志刚教授和麦积山石窟艺术研究所李天铭所长共同主持。开幕式上敦煌研究院王旭东院长,西安美术学院郭线庐院长.

黄剑:七彩金·彩虹之塑

雨过天晴,空气中悬浮着许多晶莹的小水珠.在阳光的照射下,水珠折射着七色波长——赤、橙、黄、绿,青、蓝、紫,形成了横挂天际的壮丽彩虹。自古以来人们对彩虹有着无尽的想象,李白有诗曰:“安得五彩虹,架天作长桥”。