为探索不同气候区适宜的参考作物需水量计算方法,基于全国不同气候区典型区域9个气象站多年日气象资料,分别利用8种常用计算方法计算参考作物需水量,并以Penman-Monteith公式计算结果为标准,对不同计算方法计算结果进行评价,结果表明,Ha...为探索不同气候区适宜的参考作物需水量计算方法,基于全国不同气候区典型区域9个气象站多年日气象资料,分别利用8种常用计算方法计算参考作物需水量,并以Penman-Monteith公式计算结果为标准,对不同计算方法计算结果进行评价,结果表明,Hargreaves公式在各气候区的精度表现均比较理想,Mc Clound公式和Brockamp and Wenner公式在温度大陆气候区和温带季风气候区表现较为理想,根据不同气候区典型气象站60年(2013年以前)的实测气象资料,率定了不同气候区Hargreaves公式及Mc Clound公式的适宜参数,2014年实测资料验证结果表明,与PM公式计算结果相比,中国不同气候区Hargreaves公式计算结果的RMSE、PE和R2值分别为0.42~0.95 mm/d、0.81%~10.69%和0.66~0.94,在温带大陆气候区和温带季风气候区Mc Clound公式计算的RMSE、PE和R2值分别介于0.80~1.23 mm/d、1.36%~14.52%和0.60~0.87,在温带大陆气候区Brockamp and Wenner公式计算结果的PE值普遍偏高,而在温带季风区(TMZ)Brockamp and Wenner公式计算结果的RMSE、PE和R2值分别为0.95~1.29 mm/d、1.14%~7.87%和0.59~0.81。展开更多
High nitrogen （N） input features China＇s intensive rice production system. To elucidate N and genotype effects on accumulation of macronutrients and micronutrients in grains of japonica rice, and to discuss its sig...High nitrogen （N） input features China＇s intensive rice production system. To elucidate N and genotype effects on accumulation of macronutrients and micronutrients in grains of japonica rice, and to discuss its significance in rice production, a three-year field experiment involving six japonica rice varieties and seven N treatments were performed. Macronutrients （Ca, Mg, K, and Na） and micronutrients （Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn） concentrations in brown and milled rice were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For macronutrients, no consistently significant effect of N was detected in both brown and milled rice. For micronutrients, N showed significant effect, especially in lowering Zn accumulation in brown and milled rice. In addition, N tended to increase Fe concentration in milled rice. Genotype showed larger effect on distribution of minerals in milled rice than N. The high-yielding variety, Wuyunjing 7, accumulated larger proportion of Mg, K, and Zn in the milled rice as compared with the other five varieties and could be of value for rice breeding programs aiming at high nutritional quality. The results demonstrated differences in response to N between macronutrients and micronutrients, and are of significance for coping with ＇hidden hunger＇ both in humans and crops through agronomical practices.展开更多
文摘为探索不同气候区适宜的参考作物需水量计算方法,基于全国不同气候区典型区域9个气象站多年日气象资料,分别利用8种常用计算方法计算参考作物需水量,并以Penman-Monteith公式计算结果为标准,对不同计算方法计算结果进行评价,结果表明,Hargreaves公式在各气候区的精度表现均比较理想,Mc Clound公式和Brockamp and Wenner公式在温度大陆气候区和温带季风气候区表现较为理想,根据不同气候区典型气象站60年(2013年以前)的实测气象资料,率定了不同气候区Hargreaves公式及Mc Clound公式的适宜参数,2014年实测资料验证结果表明,与PM公式计算结果相比,中国不同气候区Hargreaves公式计算结果的RMSE、PE和R2值分别为0.42~0.95 mm/d、0.81%~10.69%和0.66~0.94,在温带大陆气候区和温带季风气候区Mc Clound公式计算的RMSE、PE和R2值分别介于0.80~1.23 mm/d、1.36%~14.52%和0.60~0.87,在温带大陆气候区Brockamp and Wenner公式计算结果的PE值普遍偏高,而在温带季风区(TMZ)Brockamp and Wenner公式计算结果的RMSE、PE和R2值分别为0.95~1.29 mm/d、1.14%~7.87%和0.59~0.81。
基金supported by grants from Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China(Grant No.NCET-10-0472)the Priority Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsNational Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30971733 and 31171485)
文摘High nitrogen （N） input features China＇s intensive rice production system. To elucidate N and genotype effects on accumulation of macronutrients and micronutrients in grains of japonica rice, and to discuss its significance in rice production, a three-year field experiment involving six japonica rice varieties and seven N treatments were performed. Macronutrients （Ca, Mg, K, and Na） and micronutrients （Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn） concentrations in brown and milled rice were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For macronutrients, no consistently significant effect of N was detected in both brown and milled rice. For micronutrients, N showed significant effect, especially in lowering Zn accumulation in brown and milled rice. In addition, N tended to increase Fe concentration in milled rice. Genotype showed larger effect on distribution of minerals in milled rice than N. The high-yielding variety, Wuyunjing 7, accumulated larger proportion of Mg, K, and Zn in the milled rice as compared with the other five varieties and could be of value for rice breeding programs aiming at high nutritional quality. The results demonstrated differences in response to N between macronutrients and micronutrients, and are of significance for coping with ＇hidden hunger＇ both in humans and crops through agronomical practices.
