目的:基于数据挖掘分析含石菖蒲高频药对的用药规律,运用网络药理学方法探讨抗癫痫分子机制。方法:筛选含石菖蒲的方剂,使用R语言关联规则对筛选方进行数据挖掘,筛选同时满足支持度≥0.3、置信度≥0.9的高频组合,利用中药整合药理学平台...目的:基于数据挖掘分析含石菖蒲高频药对的用药规律,运用网络药理学方法探讨抗癫痫分子机制。方法:筛选含石菖蒲的方剂,使用R语言关联规则对筛选方进行数据挖掘,筛选同时满足支持度≥0.3、置信度≥0.9的高频组合,利用中药整合药理学平台(traditional chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)分析高频对药的"中药-疾病"关键核心靶点,构建"中药-化合物-靶点-通路"网络,探究含石菖蒲高频药对在抗癫痫中的分子作用机制。结果:从806首含石菖蒲方剂中筛选出743首标准方剂,关联规则筛选可得出与石菖蒲密切相关的中药依次为远志、人参、甘草、茯苓,高频对药与《外台秘要》中定志丸(远志、石菖蒲、茯苓、人参)相似。通过OMIM与DrugBank数据库共搜集到489个疾病相关靶点。经Cytoscape软件获得含石菖蒲方剂抗癫痫的特征性基因共89个,利用TCMSP数据库和Swiss Target Prediction平台共获取762个药物潜在靶点。结论:含石菖蒲方剂在抗癫痫中存在多个靶点,且与神经细胞密切相关,推测其可能通过神经内分泌系统来发挥治疗作用。展开更多
Twenty-eight male, weaned Chinese Holstein calves（（156.8±33.4） kg） were used to investigate the effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio（F：C） and forage length on nutrient digestibility, plasma metab...Twenty-eight male, weaned Chinese Holstein calves（（156.8±33.4） kg） were used to investigate the effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio（F：C） and forage length on nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and fecal microflora. Animals were randomly allocated to four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement： whole-length forage（WL） with low F：C（50：50）; WL with high F：C（65：35）; short-length forage（SL） with high F：C（65：35）; and SL with low F：C（50：50）. Chinese wildrye was used as the only forage source in this trial. The grass in the SL treatments was chopped using a chaff cutter to achieve small particle size（-50% particles 〉19 mm）. Dry matter intake（DMI） and organic matter（OM） intake was increased by increasing both F：C（P〈0.01） and forage length（FL）（P〈0.05）, while acid detergent fiber（ADF） and neutral detergent fiber（NDF） intakes were only increased by increasing the F：C（P〈0.01）. The digestibility of NDF was increased as the FL increased（P〈0.01）, and it was also affected by interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）. Cholesterol（CHO）（P〈0.01）, leptin（LP）（P〈0.05）, and growth hormone（GH）（P〈0.01） concentrations in plasma were increased as dietary F：C increased. A significant increase in plasma triglyceride（TG）（P〈0.01）, insulin（INS）（P〈0.05）, and GH（P〈0.01） levels was observed with decreasing dietary FL. Ruminal p H values of calves fed with low F：C diets were significantly lower than those in high F：C treatment（P〈0.05）. Increasing the F：C enhanced ruminal acetic acid（P〈0.05） and acetic acid/propionic acid（P〈0.01）. Fecal Lactobacillus content was significantly higher, while Escherichia coli and Salmonella contents were significantly lower in WL and high F：C groups（P〈0.05）. Lower fecal scores（higher diarrhea rate） were observed in calves fed with SL hay compared to WL hay（P〈0.05）. Denatured gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） bands and richness index（S） were significantly affected by the interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）, under high F：C, band numbers and richness index from WL group were higher than that from SL group（P〈0.05）, whereas there were no differences between WL andSL groups under low F：C（P〉0.05）. Microflora similarity was 50–73% among the different treatments. It is concluded that the WL with high F：C（65：35） diet is suitable for weaned calves.展开更多
文摘目的:基于数据挖掘分析含石菖蒲高频药对的用药规律,运用网络药理学方法探讨抗癫痫分子机制。方法:筛选含石菖蒲的方剂,使用R语言关联规则对筛选方进行数据挖掘,筛选同时满足支持度≥0.3、置信度≥0.9的高频组合,利用中药整合药理学平台(traditional chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)分析高频对药的"中药-疾病"关键核心靶点,构建"中药-化合物-靶点-通路"网络,探究含石菖蒲高频药对在抗癫痫中的分子作用机制。结果:从806首含石菖蒲方剂中筛选出743首标准方剂,关联规则筛选可得出与石菖蒲密切相关的中药依次为远志、人参、甘草、茯苓,高频对药与《外台秘要》中定志丸(远志、石菖蒲、茯苓、人参)相似。通过OMIM与DrugBank数据库共搜集到489个疾病相关靶点。经Cytoscape软件获得含石菖蒲方剂抗癫痫的特征性基因共89个,利用TCMSP数据库和Swiss Target Prediction平台共获取762个药物潜在靶点。结论:含石菖蒲方剂在抗癫痫中存在多个靶点,且与神经细胞密切相关,推测其可能通过神经内分泌系统来发挥治疗作用。
基金Projects(41972295,U1965205)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2019ZDK034)supported by the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety,China。
基金supported by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-37)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303144)
文摘Twenty-eight male, weaned Chinese Holstein calves（（156.8±33.4） kg） were used to investigate the effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio（F：C） and forage length on nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and fecal microflora. Animals were randomly allocated to four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement： whole-length forage（WL） with low F：C（50：50）; WL with high F：C（65：35）; short-length forage（SL） with high F：C（65：35）; and SL with low F：C（50：50）. Chinese wildrye was used as the only forage source in this trial. The grass in the SL treatments was chopped using a chaff cutter to achieve small particle size（-50% particles 〉19 mm）. Dry matter intake（DMI） and organic matter（OM） intake was increased by increasing both F：C（P〈0.01） and forage length（FL）（P〈0.05）, while acid detergent fiber（ADF） and neutral detergent fiber（NDF） intakes were only increased by increasing the F：C（P〈0.01）. The digestibility of NDF was increased as the FL increased（P〈0.01）, and it was also affected by interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）. Cholesterol（CHO）（P〈0.01）, leptin（LP）（P〈0.05）, and growth hormone（GH）（P〈0.01） concentrations in plasma were increased as dietary F：C increased. A significant increase in plasma triglyceride（TG）（P〈0.01）, insulin（INS）（P〈0.05）, and GH（P〈0.01） levels was observed with decreasing dietary FL. Ruminal p H values of calves fed with low F：C diets were significantly lower than those in high F：C treatment（P〈0.05）. Increasing the F：C enhanced ruminal acetic acid（P〈0.05） and acetic acid/propionic acid（P〈0.01）. Fecal Lactobacillus content was significantly higher, while Escherichia coli and Salmonella contents were significantly lower in WL and high F：C groups（P〈0.05）. Lower fecal scores（higher diarrhea rate） were observed in calves fed with SL hay compared to WL hay（P〈0.05）. Denatured gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） bands and richness index（S） were significantly affected by the interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）, under high F：C, band numbers and richness index from WL group were higher than that from SL group（P〈0.05）, whereas there were no differences between WL andSL groups under low F：C（P〉0.05）. Microflora similarity was 50–73% among the different treatments. It is concluded that the WL with high F：C（65：35） diet is suitable for weaned calves.
