乌东德左岸地下厂房洞室群施工期围岩变形特征及反馈分析

对陡倾层状岩层中乌东德水电站左岸地下厂房洞室群施工期围岩变形特征和支护体系受力进行分析,以主厂房为重点,采用现场原位监测、地质调查、数值仿真反馈等多手段研究岩体结构及岩性差异对巨型洞室围岩变形及松弛影响,分析变形随开挖时空变化规律、浅层锚杆与深层锚索对岩体结构控制效应。研究结果表明,地下厂房围岩位移为0~40 mm,位移较大部位出现在主厂房上游边墙中部、B类角砾岩区域以及'小夹角'部位;开挖揭露量级较大部位主要受岩体结构面及角砾岩岩性控制,结构面对施工爆破开挖敏感,施工期洞室最大位移达到65 mm,深部结构面张开位移是该部位主要位移;锚索(杆)支护起到了很好的控制作用。位移主要发生在开挖施工期,且随着开挖过程表现出台阶型特征,时效性特征不明显,洞室群总体稳定较好,支护系统处于正常工作状态。

不同环境温度下的锂离子电池SOC估计

以充电时的电压、电流和环境温度为输入量,采用经遗传算法优化的BP神经网络算法对电池荷电状态(SOC)进行估算。实验数据和仿真结果对比表明:所采用的算法可用于估算不同环境温度下的SOC,具有较好的工程应用潜力,在低温(-10~-8℃)、常温(19~22℃)和高温(35~37℃)下的全局误差分别约为2.42%、1.71%和0.73%。

溪洛渡、向家坝水库配合三峡水库对城陵矶防洪调度优化研究

长江流域发生流域性或中游区域性洪水时,城陵矶地区防洪形势严峻。为缓解防洪压力,提出了溪洛渡、向家坝水库配合三峡水库对城陵矶防洪补偿控制水位优化方法,并模拟计算了多个防洪补偿控制水位方案。考虑三峡水库对城陵矶地区按不超警戒水位、不超保证水位的两种防洪调度目标,提出了基于两种调度目标转换临界水位(调度目标转换水位)的防洪调度优化方法,通过调度模拟试验定量分析了不同调度目标转换水位对城陵矶地区防洪补偿调度的影响。结果表明,在不影响下游荆江河段防洪标准和不增加三峡库区淹没风险的前提下,三峡水库对城陵矶防洪补偿控制水位可由单库运用下的155 m提升至联合调度运用下的158 m;在上游溪洛渡、向家坝水库的配合下,调度目标转换水位可设置为150 m,从而减小中游地区应对中小洪水的防洪压力。

EXPERIMENTAL FEEDBACK ON THE INVESTIGATION OF HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE SHIP-LOCK FILLING AND EMPTYING SYSTEM OF TGP

Where hydraulic characteristics of ship-lock filling and emptying system are concerned, there are much bigger differences between prototype and model experiments. Based on the results of the prototype experiments for the Three Gorges Project (TGP), experiments on the feedback model were conducted of the ship-lock filling and emptying system, by means of technologies of drag reduction, under similar conditions as the operation of the prototype project. The experimental results show that the difference of drag coefficient reached -44% between the prototype and the model for the filling and emptying system of the ship-lock No.3 for TGP and the difference of discharge coefficient was about 33% between them. The technologies of drag reduction are more efficient in the simulation of a ship-lock filling and emptying system in order to be consistent for discharge, water level, time average pressure and pulsating pressure between prototypes and models.