Evaluation of preoperative blood markers for predicting intraabdominal infection during colorectal cancer resection:A commentary on recent findings

This commentary evaluates the study by Liu et al.This study investigates the predictive utility of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-lymphocyte ratio,systemic immune-inflammation index,and carcinoembryonic antigen levels for post-operative intra-abdominal infection following colorectal cancer(CRC)surge-ry.The study highlights the critical need for analyzing diverse patient demogra-phics and delves into the potential impact of various confounding factors on the predictive accuracy of these markers.Additionally,the commentary advocates for the initiation of prospective studies aimed at validating and enhancing the clinical utility of these biomarkers in the context of CRC treatment.The commentary aims to underscore the importance of broadening the research framework to include a wider patient demographic and more comprehensive factor analyses,thereby enriching the predictive model's applicability and relevance in clinical settings.

Exploring predictive markers for liver failure post-hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

This letter to the editor addresses the study titled“Predictive value of NLR,Fib4,and APRI in the occurrence of liver failure after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma”by Kuang et al in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.The study acknowledges the comprehensive patient data analysis while suggesting that there is a need for further discussion on the clinical applicability of these markers across diverse patient populations.This letter recommends prospective studies for validation and considers the influence of confounding factors.This finding underscores the significance of this study in improving hepatocellular carcinoma management.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway inhibitors in proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial cells

AIM: To determine whether the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is activated in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in homo-sapiens. METHODS: The retina of controls and patients with PVR were collected and their levels of PI3K, phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR, phospho-p70S6k and phospho-4EBP-1 were determined by Western blot. The cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cell line D407 was treated with a specific mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin (RAPA) or a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, of various concentrations and durations. Cell morphology was observed by phase contrast microscopy and the proliferation and apoptosis of treated cells were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Levels of PI3K, phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR, phospho-P70S6K and phospho-4EBP1 was increased in the retina in PVR (P <0.05). In D407 cells, both RAPA and LY294002 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, and promoted apoptosis (P <0.05); morphologically, the cells became smaller. Both RAPA and LY294002 reduced levels of phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR, phospho-p70S6k and phospho-4EBP1 expression (P <0.05). RAPA, but not LY294002, had no significant effect on PI3K expression. CONCLUSION: PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is highly activated in the retinal pigment epithelial cells of PVR. The inhibitors of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, RAPA and LY294002, could inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by reducing the levels of phosphorylation of mTOR pathway components.

Efficacy of intravitreal conbercept combined with panretinal photocoagulation for severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy without macular edema

AIM: To assess efficacy of intravitreal conbercept(IVC) injection in combination with panretinal photocoagulation(PRP) vs PRP alone in patients with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(SNPDR) without macular edema(ME).METHODS: Forty-eight patients with SNPDR without ME(56 eyes) were divided into the PRP group and IVC+PRP group(the pulse group) in this retrospective clinical study. Conbercept was intravitreally administered to patients in the pulse group 1 wk before treatment with PRP and followed up for 1, 3, and 6 mo. The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA, log MAR), center foveal thickness(CFT), visual acuity(VA) improvement, and adverse reactions were compared between groups.RESULTS: In the PRP group, the BCVA reduced at 1 and 3 mo before improving at 6 mo. In the pulse group, baseline BCVA decreased continuously at 1 mo, increased at 3 and 6 mo. BCVA in the pulse group was better than that in the PRP group at 1, 3, and 6 mo. There was an increase in CFT in the PRP group during follow-up compared with baseline. In the pulse group, CFT was increased at 1 mo relative to baseline, steadily decreased to the baseline level at 3 and 6 mo. There was a more significant reduction in CFT in the pulse group during follow-up compared with the PRP group. The effective rates of VA in the PRP and the pulse groups were 81.48% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: As PRP pretreatment, a single dose of IVC administration has beneficial effects for preventing PRPinduced foveal thickening and increasing VA in patients with SNPDR without ME.

Effect of adenovirus-mediated brain derived neurotrophic factor in early retinal neuropathy of diabetes in rats

AIMTo observe effect of adenovirus-mediated brain derived neurotrophic factor in early retinal neuropathy of diabetes in rats.

Expressions of survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor in a Murine model of proliferative retinopathy

AIM: To examine the expression of survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during the development of retinal neovascularization (NV) in a mouse model. METHODS: A well-characterized murine model of retinal NV was used to study the expression of survivin and VEGF. NV of the retina was induced in mice by exposure to 75% O-2 from postnatal day P7 to P12, followed by return to room air from P12 to P17. Expression of survivin and VEGF protein was analyzed by Immunohistochemistry. In addition, mouse model of proliferative retinopathy was analyzed by retinal fluorescein angiography and quantification analysis. RESULTS: The normal mice had both superfiekal and deep vascular layers that extended from the optic nerve to the periphery. In intraocular pressure (IOP) mice were characterized by represent a typical pattern of pathological retinal NV. There are less or little nuclei of new vessels vascular endothelial cell breaking through the inner retinal than in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) mice, large clusters of blood vessels were adherent to the internal limiting membrane(ILM) (0.27 +/- 0.20 vs23.38 +/- 1.027, t=9.454, P <0.001). During the angiogenic period from P13 to P17, survivin and VEGF protein expression increased in experimental retinas compared with control samples (2.56 +/- 0.46 vs 3.34 +/- 0.40, t=17.43, P <0.01: 2.18 +/- 0.75 vs 4.34 +/- 0.25, t=19.61, P<0.01). Protein levels of VEGF and survivn has significantly positive correlation(P<0.05, r=0.411). CONCLUSION: Correlation was made at the protein levels of survivin expression compared with that of VEGF in a murine model of retinal NV, which suggests a temporal role for survivin and VEGF in new vessel formation in response to hypoxic stimulation.

Discussing the development of domestic and foreign fire protection technical regulation and fire protection technical standard systems

This paper reviews the composition, development, and operation mechanism of domestic and foreign fire protection technical regulations and standards. Considering the development and problems of China's fire protection standard system and fire protection technical standards, this paper recommends fire safety professional engineering design specialization, suggests key research fields pertaining to fire protection technical standards, and elucidates how a performance-based fire protection technical standard system can be established.

Magnetic skyrmions in curved geometries

In curved geometries,a lot of novel curvaturedriven effects are discovered due to the curvature-induced effective anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.Curvature effect also provides means to modify conventional results and launch new functionalities in study of magnetic skyrmions.Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like spin textures with topological protections.It has been found in several magnetic materials and has been one of the research hotspots in magnetism and spintronics as the carriers of information.BothDzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and anisotropy have significant effects on the formation and stability of magnetic skyrmions.The magnetic skyrmions in curved geometries show some novel characteristics,and the study in this field may promote the development of magnetic skyrmions.This article provides a review of the present state of the research on skyrmions in curved geometries including curved nanotracks,thin films with curved defect,nanotubes,spherical and hemispherical shells.The reviewmainly covers three aspects,the formation and stability of skyrmions,the shape and size of skyrmions,and the dynamical behaviors of skyrmions in curved geometries.