We delve into the phenomenon of high-order harmonic generation within a helium atom under the influence of a plasmon-assisted shaping pulse.Our findings reveal an intriguing manipulation of the frequency peak position...We delve into the phenomenon of high-order harmonic generation within a helium atom under the influence of a plasmon-assisted shaping pulse.Our findings reveal an intriguing manipulation of the frequency peak position in the harmonic emission by adjusting the absolute phase parameter within the frequency domain of the shaping pulse.This phenomenon holds potential significance for experimental setups necessitating precisely tuned single harmonics.Notably,we observe a modulated shift in the created harmonic photon energy,spanning an impressive range of 1.2 eV.This frequency peak shift is rooted in the asymmetry exhibited by the rising and falling edges of the laser pulse,directly influencing the position of the peak frequency emission.Our study quantifies the dependence of this tuning range and the asymmetry of the laser pulse,offering valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms driving this phenomenon.Furthermore,our investigation uncovers the emergence of semi-integer order harmonics as the phase parameter is altered.We attribute this discovery to the intricate interference between harmonics generated by the primary and secondary return cores.This observation introduces an innovative approach for generating semi-integer order harmonics,thus expanding our understanding of high-order harmonic generation.Ultimately,our work contributes to the broader comprehension of complex phenomena in laser-matter interactions and provides a foundation for harnessing these effects in various applications,particularly those involving precise spectral control and the generation of unique harmonic patterns.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver disease(AoCLD)accounts for the majority of patients hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology or Infectious Diseases.AIM To explore the characterization of AoCLD to provide theoret...BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver disease(AoCLD)accounts for the majority of patients hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology or Infectious Diseases.AIM To explore the characterization of AoCLD to provide theoretical guidance for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of AoCLD.METHODS Patients with AoCLD from the Chinese Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure(ACLF)study cohort were included in this study.The clinical characteristics and outcomes,and the 90-d survival rate associated with each clinical type of AoCLD were analyzed,using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.RESULTS A total of 3375 patients with AoCLD were enrolled,including 1679(49.7%)patients with liver cirrhosis acute decompensation(LC-AD),850(25.2%)patients with ACLF,577(17.1%)patients with chronic hepatitis acute exacer-bation(CHAE),and 269(8.0%)patients with liver cirrhosis active phase(LC-A).The most common cause of chronic liver disease(CLD)was HBV infection(71.4%).The most common precipitants of AoCLD was bacterial infection(22.8%).The 90-d mortality rates of each clinical subtype of AoCLD were 43.4%(232/535)for type-C ACLF,36.0%(36/100)for type-B ACLF,27.0%(58/215)for type-A ACLF,9.0%(151/1679)for LC-AD,3.0%(8/269)for LC-A,and 1.2%(7/577)for CHAE.CONCLUSION HBV infection is the main cause of CLD,and bacterial infection is the main precipitant of AoCLD.The most common clinical type of AoCLD is LC-AD.Early diagnosis and timely intervention are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with LC-AD or ACLF.展开更多
Aiming at developing an effective tool to unveil key mechanisms in bio-flight as well as to provide guidelines for bio-inspired micro air vehicles（MAVs） design,we propose a comprehensive computational framework,whic...Aiming at developing an effective tool to unveil key mechanisms in bio-flight as well as to provide guidelines for bio-inspired micro air vehicles（MAVs） design,we propose a comprehensive computational framework,which integrates aerodynamics,flight dynamics,vehicle stability and maneuverability.This framework consists of（1） a Navier-Stokes unsteady aerodynamic model;（2） a linear finite element model for structural dynamics;（3） a fluidstructure interaction（FSI） model for coupled flexible wing aerodynamics aeroelasticity;（4） a free-flying rigid body dynamic（RBD） model utilizing the Newtonian-Euler equations of 6DoF motion;and（5） flight simulator accounting for realistic wing-body morphology,flapping-wing and body kinematics,and a coupling model accounting for the nonlinear 6DoF flight dynamics and stability of insect flapping flight.Results are presented based on hovering aerodynamics with rigid and flexible wings of hawkmoth and fruitfly.The present approach can support systematic analyses of bio- and bio-inspired flight.展开更多
BACKGROUND Autoimmune liver disease(AILD)has been considered a relatively uncommon disease in China,epidemiological data for AILD in patients with cirrhosis and acute decompensation(AD)is sparse.AIM To investigate the...BACKGROUND Autoimmune liver disease(AILD)has been considered a relatively uncommon disease in China,epidemiological data for AILD in patients with cirrhosis and acute decompensation(AD)is sparse.AIM To investigate the prevalence,outcome and risk factors for AILD in cirrhotic patients complicated with AD in China.METHODS We collected data from patients with cirrhosis and AD from two prospective,multicenter cohorts in hepatitis B virus endemic areas.Patients were regularly followed up at the end of 28-d,90-d and 365-d,or until death or liver transplantation(LT).The primary outcome in this study was 90-d LTfree mortality.Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)was assessed on admission and during 28-d hospitalization,according to the diagnostic criteria of the European Association for the Study of the Liver(EASL).Risk factors for death were analyzed with logistic regression model.RESULTS In patients with cirrhosis and AD,the overall prevalence of AILD was 9.3%(242/2597).Prevalence of ACLF was significantly lower in AILD cases(14%)than those with all etiology groups with cirrhosis and AD(22.8%)(P<0.001).Among 242 enrolled AILD patients,the prevalence rates of primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)and PBC-AIH overlap syndrome(PBC/AIH)were 50.8%,28.5%and 12.0%,respectively.In ACLF patients,the proportions of PBC,AIH and PBC/AIH were 41.2%,29.4% and 20.6%.28-d and 90-d mortality were 43.8% and 80.0% in AILD-related ACLF.The etiology of AILD had no significant impact on 28-d,90-d or 365-d LTfree mortality in patients with cirrhosis and AD in both univariate and multivariate analysis.Total bilirubin(TB),hepatic encephalopathy(HE)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were independent risk factors for 90-d LT-free mortality in multivariate analysis.The development of ACLF during hospitalization only independently correlated to TB and international normalized ratio.CONCLUSION AILD was not rare in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and AD in China,among which PBC was the most common etiology.90-d LT-free mortality were independently associated with TB,HE and BUN.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the expression of glucose regulated proteins GRP78 and GRP94 in human colon cancer. Methods： Tissues of resected primary colon cancer, colon adenoma and normal tissue were investigated. Pr...Objective： To investigate the expression of glucose regulated proteins GRP78 and GRP94 in human colon cancer. Methods： Tissues of resected primary colon cancer, colon adenoma and normal tissue were investigated. Protein expression was detected with immunohistochemical staining, mRNA expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94 were determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） after mRNA extraction. Results： The expression of GRP94 and GRP78 was significantly higher in colon cancer when compared to those in colon adenoma and normal tissue （P〈0.01）. GRP94 mRNA and protein expression was found to be in close relationship with the grade of differentiation, Dukes stages, lymph node involvement and remote metastasis in colon cancer （P〈0.01）, but no relationship with gender and age （P〉0.05）. GRP78 mRNA and protein expression increased with cancer progression along the normal tissue-adenoma-cancer sequence, but showed no association with grade of differentiation, Dukes stages, lymph node involvement, remote metastasis, gender and age （P〉0.05）. The mRNA expression of GRP78 and GRP94 was consistent with the proteins （P〈0.01）, but there is no correlation between overexpression of GRP78 and GRP94 （P〉0.05）, and the patients with both strong GRP78 and GRP94 protein expression did not show advanced tumor stages （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Overexpression of GRP78 and GRP94 was found in colon cancer. Overexpression of GRP94 was closely related to cellular differentiation, Dukes stages, invasion and metastasis.展开更多
Background and Aims:Functional cure(FC)is characterized by the clearance of the hepatitis B surface antigen from the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).However,the level of intrahepatic covalently closed ...Background and Aims:Functional cure(FC)is characterized by the clearance of the hepatitis B surface antigen from the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).However,the level of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)and hepatitis B virus(HBV)integration remains unclear.We conducted this study to determine them and reveal their value in the treatment of CHB.Methods:There were two sessions to elucidate the changes in intrahepatic cccDNA and HBV integration after antiviral therapy.In the first session,116 patients were enrolled and divided into FC,non-functional cure(NFC),and CHB groups,including 48 patients with functionally cured CHB,27 with CHB without functional cure after antiviral treatment,and 41 with treatment-naïve CHB.Patients were tested for both intrahepatic cccDNA and other viral markers.All patients in the FC group were followed up for at least 24 weeks to observe relapse.In the second session,another ten patients were included for in-depth whole-genome sequencing to analyze HBV integration.Results:Thirteen patients in the FC group were negative for intrahepatic cccDNA.Intrahepatic cccDNA was much higher in the CHB group compared with the FC group.Seven patients had HBsAg seroreversion,including two with virological relapse.Integration of HBV was detected in one(33.3%)functionally cured patients and in seven(100%)with CHB.28.0%of the HBV breakpoints were assigned in the 1,500 nt to 1,900 nt range of the HBV genome.Conclusions:After achieving an FC,the rate of intrahepatic cccDNA and HBV integration was significantly reduced in patients with CHB.For those patients who cleared intrahepatic cccDNA,the chances of developing virological relapse were even lower.展开更多
Chemical oxygen generators(COGs)have been used worldwide in confined spaces as an emergency oxygen supply technology,mainly because they are independent and have a long shelf life.However,a number of challenges relate...Chemical oxygen generators(COGs)have been used worldwide in confined spaces as an emergency oxygen supply technology,mainly because they are independent and have a long shelf life.However,a number of challenges related to COGs remain unsolved,and a literature review of the current state of the technology is needed.First,the present article summarizes the basic information and applications of COGs,including their oxygen production mechanism,components,forming technology,and ignition system.Four current challenges encountered in applying COGs are discussed,along with the strategies adopted thus far to solve these problems,as found in the published literature.The literature survey reveals that,although much effort has been devoted to controlling the oxygen production rate and the heat output of COGs,the mechanism of producing toxic gases remains unclear and a reliable and safe ignition system has not been fully developed.Finally,future opportunities in the development of COGs are briefly listed.展开更多
We simulate the dynamic response of H^(+)_(2) in a linearly polarized laser field by numerically solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger equation.The elliptically polarized high-order harmonics generated by H^(+)_(2)ir...We simulate the dynamic response of H^(+)_(2) in a linearly polarized laser field by numerically solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger equation.The elliptically polarized high-order harmonics generated by H^(+)_(2)irradiated by the linearly polarized laser field are systematically investigated.The result shows that the amplitude and rotation of the ellipticity of harmonics are affected by the alignment angle and internuclear distance of the molecule.Analyzing the change in forces acted on the ionized electrons and the trajectories of the electrons,the phenomena are found to be due to the change in the direction of the total Coulomb forces from the two nuclei felt by the recollided ionized electrons in the direction perpendicular to the laser polarization direction.Based on the influence law,we can select the harmonics with a specific frequency band under different alignment angles and then synthesize the isolated attosecond pulses with different rotations,which can be continuously converted from right-handed circular polarization,linear polarization,and left-handed circular polarization by changing the alignment angle.This study provides a new possible approach to the real-time detection of molecular states by using attosecond pulses and obtaining more optimized harmonics with molecular properties.展开更多
Lysin motif(LysM)-containing proteins(LYPs)are important pattern recognition receptors in plants.However,the evolutionary history and characteristics of LYP genes remain largely unclear in wheat.In this study,62 LYPs ...Lysin motif(LysM)-containing proteins(LYPs)are important pattern recognition receptors in plants.However,the evolutionary history and characteristics of LYP genes remain largely unclear in wheat.In this study,62 LYPs were identified at genome wide in wheat.Based on phylogenetic and domain analysis,wheat LYPs were classified into 6 subgroups(group LysMe,LysMn,LYP,LYK,LysMFbox).Syntenic analysis showed the evolution of LYP genes in wheat.RNA-seq data showed that 22 genes were not expressed at any tissue or stress stimulation period.Some LYP and LYK genes were tissue-or stage-specific.The majority of TaLYK5s,TaLYK6s,TaLYP2s and TaLysMns genes were induced under chitin,flg22 and fungal treatment.qRT-PCR analysis showed that 4 genes were upregulated during Puccinia triticina infection with a peak at 18 h post inoculation.Our findings suggested that wheat LYPs may have specific roles in response to fungal infection and provided insights into the function and characteristics of wheat LYP genes.展开更多
Fatigue crack growth tests were carried out on the SEN B3 precracked specimens, with dimensions in accordance with ISO 12108 requirements. The specimens were made of martensitic stainless steel, X17CrNi15-2, and some ...Fatigue crack growth tests were carried out on the SEN B3 precracked specimens, with dimensions in accordance with ISO 12108 requirements. The specimens were made of martensitic stainless steel, X17CrNi15-2, and some of them were modified by the ceramic coating deposition surface treatment. The effects of ceramic coating, on the fatigue crack growth behaviour of hollow shaft specimens, were experimentally investigated. Fatigue crack growth rates, da/dN, were characterised, using the power law relationship between da/dN (in mm/cycle) and the stress intensity factor range, ΔK (in MPa∙m0.5). The two constants of the correlation are 7.9768 × 10−9 and 2.8107 for the parent material, and those for the coated material are 2.4391 × 10−9 and 3.1990, respectively. Microstructural analyses were carried out on the tested specimens, which shows that the maximum hardness of the ceramic coating is higher than that of substrate by a factor of ~3.2. The dimple fracture dominates the final fracture mechanism for the parent material, and the combination of fatigue, ductile fracture and cleavage dominates the final fracture mechanism for the coated material, based on the SEM analyses. EDS tests’ results reveal that the parent material specimen shows higher levels of C at matrix regions along with Fe- and O-rich regions, compared with the coated material specimen.展开更多
The decline of ovarian reserve is an important cause of female infertility.More and more older women want to be pregnant again,especially because of the liberal birth policy.But the main reason for limiting fertility ...The decline of ovarian reserve is an important cause of female infertility.More and more older women want to be pregnant again,especially because of the liberal birth policy.But the main reason for limiting fertility in older women is the decline of ovarian reserve.At the same time,due to the change of social environment,the incidence of ovarian function decline has a trend of youth.Therefore,in the infertile women,ovarian dysfunction was found to account for a higher proportion.Finding ways to improve ovarian function is especially important for improving female fertility.Modern medicine has no clear treatment for the disease,only some health products such as coenzyme Q10,dehydroepiandrosterone are used to maintain the ovaries.As a simple and convenient non-drug therapy,acupuncture has been widely used in improving the ovarian function of infertile women in recent years,and its effect has been explored by many researchers.Therefore,this article will start from the human body research and the animal experiment two aspects,discusses the acupuncture improvement ovary function.展开更多
The Sr2 CeO4:Ln3+(Ln=Eu,Dy)fine phosphor particles were prepared by a facile wet chemical approach,in which the consecutive hydrothermal-combustion reaction was performed.The doping of Ln3+into Sr2 CeO4 has little inf...The Sr2 CeO4:Ln3+(Ln=Eu,Dy)fine phosphor particles were prepared by a facile wet chemical approach,in which the consecutive hydrothermal-combustion reaction was performed.The doping of Ln3+into Sr2 CeO4 has little influence on the structure of host,and the as-prepared samples display wellcrystallized spherical or elliptical shape with an average particle size at about 100-200 nm.For Eu3+ions-doped Sr2 CeO4,with the increase of Eu3+-doping concentration,the blue light emission band with the maximum at 468 nm originating from a Ce4+→O2-charge transfer of the host decreases obviously and the characteristic red light emission of Eu3+(5 D0→7 F2 transition at 618 nm)is enhanced gradually.Simultaneously,the fluorescent lifetime of the broadband emission of Sr2 CeO4 decreases with the doping of Eu3+,indicating an efficient energy transfer from the host to the doping Eu3+ions.The ene rgy transfer efficiency from the host to Eu3+was investigated in detail,and the emitting color of Sr2 CeO4:Eu3+can be easily tuned from blue to red by varying the doping concentration of Eu3+ions.Moreover,the luminescence of Dy3+-doped Sr2 CeO4 was also studied.Similar energy transfer pheno menon can be observed,and the incorporation of Dy3+into Sr2 CeO4 host leads to the characteristic emission of 4 F9/2→6 H15/2(488 nm,blue light)and 4 F9/2→6 H13/2(574 nm,yellow light)of Dy3+.The Sr2 CeO4:Ln3+fine particles with tunable luminescence are quite beneficial for its potential applications in the optoelectronic fields.展开更多
The incidence of Japanese encephalitis(JE)has significantly decreased in China due to JE vaccines.In this study,we investigated the post-JE vaccination seroprevalence and protection provided by vaccinated sera against...The incidence of Japanese encephalitis(JE)has significantly decreased in China due to JE vaccines.In this study,we investigated the post-JE vaccination seroprevalence and protection provided by vaccinated sera against Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)to elucidate the persistence and waning of antibodies to JEV among JE-SA14-14-2-vaccinated children.A total of 300 serum samples were collected from vaccinated children aged 3-10 years in Zhaotong,Yunnan,China.The seroprevalence of anti-JEV antibodies was determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay and plaque reduction neutralization test.The highest seropositivity of 82%was observed in vaccinated children during the first 0.5-1.5 years after booster vaccination.Then,the seropositivity began to decline and remained lower than the original level observed in the 0.5-1.5-year group.An association was found between the waning of seroprevalence and elapsed time of the post-booster vaccination.Similarly,the neutralizing antibody(nAb)titres gradually decreased over time,and the levels showed a positive correlation with the protective efficacy in mice.This finding suggests that nAbs play an important role in the antiviral process and that the nAb titre is an adequately credible parameter for evaluating the protective efficacy induced by the JE vaccine.Our results provide data that clarify the persistence and waning of antibodies to JEV,which may help elucidate the pathogenesis of JE.展开更多
基金This project was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFE134200 and 2019YFA0307700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11604119,12104177,11904192,12074145,and 11704147)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.GK202207012 and QCYRCXM-2022-241).
文摘We delve into the phenomenon of high-order harmonic generation within a helium atom under the influence of a plasmon-assisted shaping pulse.Our findings reveal an intriguing manipulation of the frequency peak position in the harmonic emission by adjusting the absolute phase parameter within the frequency domain of the shaping pulse.This phenomenon holds potential significance for experimental setups necessitating precisely tuned single harmonics.Notably,we observe a modulated shift in the created harmonic photon energy,spanning an impressive range of 1.2 eV.This frequency peak shift is rooted in the asymmetry exhibited by the rising and falling edges of the laser pulse,directly influencing the position of the peak frequency emission.Our study quantifies the dependence of this tuning range and the asymmetry of the laser pulse,offering valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms driving this phenomenon.Furthermore,our investigation uncovers the emergence of semi-integer order harmonics as the phase parameter is altered.We attribute this discovery to the intricate interference between harmonics generated by the primary and secondary return cores.This observation introduces an innovative approach for generating semi-integer order harmonics,thus expanding our understanding of high-order harmonic generation.Ultimately,our work contributes to the broader comprehension of complex phenomena in laser-matter interactions and provides a foundation for harnessing these effects in various applications,particularly those involving precise spectral control and the generation of unique harmonic patterns.
基金Supported by The National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2018ZX10723203 and No.2018ZX10302206Hubei Province’s Outstanding Medical Academic Leader Program,Advantage Discipline Group(Public Health)Project in Higher Education of Hubei Province,No.2023PHXKQ1+2 种基金The Foundation of Health Commission of Hubei Province,No.WJ2021F037 and No.WJ2021M051Project of Hubei University of Medicine,No.FDFR201902 and No.YC2023047and The Hubei Provincial Technology Innovation Project,No.2023BCB129.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver disease(AoCLD)accounts for the majority of patients hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology or Infectious Diseases.AIM To explore the characterization of AoCLD to provide theoretical guidance for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of AoCLD.METHODS Patients with AoCLD from the Chinese Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure(ACLF)study cohort were included in this study.The clinical characteristics and outcomes,and the 90-d survival rate associated with each clinical type of AoCLD were analyzed,using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.RESULTS A total of 3375 patients with AoCLD were enrolled,including 1679(49.7%)patients with liver cirrhosis acute decompensation(LC-AD),850(25.2%)patients with ACLF,577(17.1%)patients with chronic hepatitis acute exacer-bation(CHAE),and 269(8.0%)patients with liver cirrhosis active phase(LC-A).The most common cause of chronic liver disease(CLD)was HBV infection(71.4%).The most common precipitants of AoCLD was bacterial infection(22.8%).The 90-d mortality rates of each clinical subtype of AoCLD were 43.4%(232/535)for type-C ACLF,36.0%(36/100)for type-B ACLF,27.0%(58/215)for type-A ACLF,9.0%(151/1679)for LC-AD,3.0%(8/269)for LC-A,and 1.2%(7/577)for CHAE.CONCLUSION HBV infection is the main cause of CLD,and bacterial infection is the main precipitant of AoCLD.The most common clinical type of AoCLD is LC-AD.Early diagnosis and timely intervention are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with LC-AD or ACLF.
基金supported by a PRESTO-JST program,the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research JSPS.Japan(18656056 and 18100002).
文摘Aiming at developing an effective tool to unveil key mechanisms in bio-flight as well as to provide guidelines for bio-inspired micro air vehicles（MAVs） design,we propose a comprehensive computational framework,which integrates aerodynamics,flight dynamics,vehicle stability and maneuverability.This framework consists of（1） a Navier-Stokes unsteady aerodynamic model;（2） a linear finite element model for structural dynamics;（3） a fluidstructure interaction（FSI） model for coupled flexible wing aerodynamics aeroelasticity;（4） a free-flying rigid body dynamic（RBD） model utilizing the Newtonian-Euler equations of 6DoF motion;and（5） flight simulator accounting for realistic wing-body morphology,flapping-wing and body kinematics,and a coupling model accounting for the nonlinear 6DoF flight dynamics and stability of insect flapping flight.Results are presented based on hovering aerodynamics with rigid and flexible wings of hawkmoth and fruitfly.The present approach can support systematic analyses of bio- and bio-inspired flight.
基金Supported by Shanghai Hospital Development Commission,No.SHDC2020CR1037Bthe National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFC0908100+7 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2018ZX10302206,2018ZX10723203 and 2017ZX10202202Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Guofeng Clinical Medicine Grant,No.20152213the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82170629,81930061,81900579,81970550,82070613,82070650,and 81972265Chongqing Natural Science Foundation,No.CSTC2019jcyj-zdxmX0004Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,No.Z191100006619033Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program,No.2017BT01S131the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,No.2018CFA031Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2020A1515010052.
文摘BACKGROUND Autoimmune liver disease(AILD)has been considered a relatively uncommon disease in China,epidemiological data for AILD in patients with cirrhosis and acute decompensation(AD)is sparse.AIM To investigate the prevalence,outcome and risk factors for AILD in cirrhotic patients complicated with AD in China.METHODS We collected data from patients with cirrhosis and AD from two prospective,multicenter cohorts in hepatitis B virus endemic areas.Patients were regularly followed up at the end of 28-d,90-d and 365-d,or until death or liver transplantation(LT).The primary outcome in this study was 90-d LTfree mortality.Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)was assessed on admission and during 28-d hospitalization,according to the diagnostic criteria of the European Association for the Study of the Liver(EASL).Risk factors for death were analyzed with logistic regression model.RESULTS In patients with cirrhosis and AD,the overall prevalence of AILD was 9.3%(242/2597).Prevalence of ACLF was significantly lower in AILD cases(14%)than those with all etiology groups with cirrhosis and AD(22.8%)(P<0.001).Among 242 enrolled AILD patients,the prevalence rates of primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)and PBC-AIH overlap syndrome(PBC/AIH)were 50.8%,28.5%and 12.0%,respectively.In ACLF patients,the proportions of PBC,AIH and PBC/AIH were 41.2%,29.4% and 20.6%.28-d and 90-d mortality were 43.8% and 80.0% in AILD-related ACLF.The etiology of AILD had no significant impact on 28-d,90-d or 365-d LTfree mortality in patients with cirrhosis and AD in both univariate and multivariate analysis.Total bilirubin(TB),hepatic encephalopathy(HE)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were independent risk factors for 90-d LT-free mortality in multivariate analysis.The development of ACLF during hospitalization only independently correlated to TB and international normalized ratio.CONCLUSION AILD was not rare in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and AD in China,among which PBC was the most common etiology.90-d LT-free mortality were independently associated with TB,HE and BUN.
基金supported by a grant from the Doctoral science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No.20041052)
文摘Objective： To investigate the expression of glucose regulated proteins GRP78 and GRP94 in human colon cancer. Methods： Tissues of resected primary colon cancer, colon adenoma and normal tissue were investigated. Protein expression was detected with immunohistochemical staining, mRNA expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94 were determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） after mRNA extraction. Results： The expression of GRP94 and GRP78 was significantly higher in colon cancer when compared to those in colon adenoma and normal tissue （P〈0.01）. GRP94 mRNA and protein expression was found to be in close relationship with the grade of differentiation, Dukes stages, lymph node involvement and remote metastasis in colon cancer （P〈0.01）, but no relationship with gender and age （P〉0.05）. GRP78 mRNA and protein expression increased with cancer progression along the normal tissue-adenoma-cancer sequence, but showed no association with grade of differentiation, Dukes stages, lymph node involvement, remote metastasis, gender and age （P〉0.05）. The mRNA expression of GRP78 and GRP94 was consistent with the proteins （P〈0.01）, but there is no correlation between overexpression of GRP78 and GRP94 （P〉0.05）, and the patients with both strong GRP78 and GRP94 protein expression did not show advanced tumor stages （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Overexpression of GRP78 and GRP94 was found in colon cancer. Overexpression of GRP94 was closely related to cellular differentiation, Dukes stages, invasion and metastasis.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX10302204-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672701).
文摘Background and Aims:Functional cure(FC)is characterized by the clearance of the hepatitis B surface antigen from the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).However,the level of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)and hepatitis B virus(HBV)integration remains unclear.We conducted this study to determine them and reveal their value in the treatment of CHB.Methods:There were two sessions to elucidate the changes in intrahepatic cccDNA and HBV integration after antiviral therapy.In the first session,116 patients were enrolled and divided into FC,non-functional cure(NFC),and CHB groups,including 48 patients with functionally cured CHB,27 with CHB without functional cure after antiviral treatment,and 41 with treatment-naïve CHB.Patients were tested for both intrahepatic cccDNA and other viral markers.All patients in the FC group were followed up for at least 24 weeks to observe relapse.In the second session,another ten patients were included for in-depth whole-genome sequencing to analyze HBV integration.Results:Thirteen patients in the FC group were negative for intrahepatic cccDNA.Intrahepatic cccDNA was much higher in the CHB group compared with the FC group.Seven patients had HBsAg seroreversion,including two with virological relapse.Integration of HBV was detected in one(33.3%)functionally cured patients and in seven(100%)with CHB.28.0%of the HBV breakpoints were assigned in the 1,500 nt to 1,900 nt range of the HBV genome.Conclusions:After achieving an FC,the rate of intrahepatic cccDNA and HBV integration was significantly reduced in patients with CHB.For those patients who cleared intrahepatic cccDNA,the chances of developing virological relapse were even lower.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2017YFC0805204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51504017 and 51874015)
文摘Chemical oxygen generators(COGs)have been used worldwide in confined spaces as an emergency oxygen supply technology,mainly because they are independent and have a long shelf life.However,a number of challenges related to COGs remain unsolved,and a literature review of the current state of the technology is needed.First,the present article summarizes the basic information and applications of COGs,including their oxygen production mechanism,components,forming technology,and ignition system.Four current challenges encountered in applying COGs are discussed,along with the strategies adopted thus far to solve these problems,as found in the published literature.The literature survey reveals that,although much effort has been devoted to controlling the oxygen production rate and the heat output of COGs,the mechanism of producing toxic gases remains unclear and a reliable and safe ignition system has not been fully developed.Finally,future opportunities in the development of COGs are briefly listed.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0307700)the Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11627807,11774129,and 12074145)+1 种基金the High Performance Computing Center of Jilin University for supercomputer timethe high performance computing cluster Tiger@IAMP。
文摘We simulate the dynamic response of H^(+)_(2) in a linearly polarized laser field by numerically solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger equation.The elliptically polarized high-order harmonics generated by H^(+)_(2)irradiated by the linearly polarized laser field are systematically investigated.The result shows that the amplitude and rotation of the ellipticity of harmonics are affected by the alignment angle and internuclear distance of the molecule.Analyzing the change in forces acted on the ionized electrons and the trajectories of the electrons,the phenomena are found to be due to the change in the direction of the total Coulomb forces from the two nuclei felt by the recollided ionized electrons in the direction perpendicular to the laser polarization direction.Based on the influence law,we can select the harmonics with a specific frequency band under different alignment angles and then synthesize the isolated attosecond pulses with different rotations,which can be continuously converted from right-handed circular polarization,linear polarization,and left-handed circular polarization by changing the alignment angle.This study provides a new possible approach to the real-time detection of molecular states by using attosecond pulses and obtaining more optimized harmonics with molecular properties.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31801693)National Natural Fund Cultivation Project of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.YGJPY1902).
文摘Lysin motif(LysM)-containing proteins(LYPs)are important pattern recognition receptors in plants.However,the evolutionary history and characteristics of LYP genes remain largely unclear in wheat.In this study,62 LYPs were identified at genome wide in wheat.Based on phylogenetic and domain analysis,wheat LYPs were classified into 6 subgroups(group LysMe,LysMn,LYP,LYK,LysMFbox).Syntenic analysis showed the evolution of LYP genes in wheat.RNA-seq data showed that 22 genes were not expressed at any tissue or stress stimulation period.Some LYP and LYK genes were tissue-or stage-specific.The majority of TaLYK5s,TaLYK6s,TaLYP2s and TaLysMns genes were induced under chitin,flg22 and fungal treatment.qRT-PCR analysis showed that 4 genes were upregulated during Puccinia triticina infection with a peak at 18 h post inoculation.Our findings suggested that wheat LYPs may have specific roles in response to fungal infection and provided insights into the function and characteristics of wheat LYP genes.
文摘Fatigue crack growth tests were carried out on the SEN B3 precracked specimens, with dimensions in accordance with ISO 12108 requirements. The specimens were made of martensitic stainless steel, X17CrNi15-2, and some of them were modified by the ceramic coating deposition surface treatment. The effects of ceramic coating, on the fatigue crack growth behaviour of hollow shaft specimens, were experimentally investigated. Fatigue crack growth rates, da/dN, were characterised, using the power law relationship between da/dN (in mm/cycle) and the stress intensity factor range, ΔK (in MPa∙m0.5). The two constants of the correlation are 7.9768 × 10−9 and 2.8107 for the parent material, and those for the coated material are 2.4391 × 10−9 and 3.1990, respectively. Microstructural analyses were carried out on the tested specimens, which shows that the maximum hardness of the ceramic coating is higher than that of substrate by a factor of ~3.2. The dimple fracture dominates the final fracture mechanism for the parent material, and the combination of fatigue, ductile fracture and cleavage dominates the final fracture mechanism for the coated material, based on the SEM analyses. EDS tests’ results reveal that the parent material specimen shows higher levels of C at matrix regions along with Fe- and O-rich regions, compared with the coated material specimen.
文摘The decline of ovarian reserve is an important cause of female infertility.More and more older women want to be pregnant again,especially because of the liberal birth policy.But the main reason for limiting fertility in older women is the decline of ovarian reserve.At the same time,due to the change of social environment,the incidence of ovarian function decline has a trend of youth.Therefore,in the infertile women,ovarian dysfunction was found to account for a higher proportion.Finding ways to improve ovarian function is especially important for improving female fertility.Modern medicine has no clear treatment for the disease,only some health products such as coenzyme Q10,dehydroepiandrosterone are used to maintain the ovaries.As a simple and convenient non-drug therapy,acupuncture has been widely used in improving the ovarian function of infertile women in recent years,and its effect has been explored by many researchers.Therefore,this article will start from the human body research and the animal experiment two aspects,discusses the acupuncture improvement ovary function.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972097)This work was financially supported by the Science Foundation of Hebei Normal University,China(L2019K11).This work was also financially supported by the project WINLEDS—POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030351 and developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials,FCT Ref.UID/CTM/50011/2019,financed by national funds through the FCT/MCTES.
文摘The Sr2 CeO4:Ln3+(Ln=Eu,Dy)fine phosphor particles were prepared by a facile wet chemical approach,in which the consecutive hydrothermal-combustion reaction was performed.The doping of Ln3+into Sr2 CeO4 has little influence on the structure of host,and the as-prepared samples display wellcrystallized spherical or elliptical shape with an average particle size at about 100-200 nm.For Eu3+ions-doped Sr2 CeO4,with the increase of Eu3+-doping concentration,the blue light emission band with the maximum at 468 nm originating from a Ce4+→O2-charge transfer of the host decreases obviously and the characteristic red light emission of Eu3+(5 D0→7 F2 transition at 618 nm)is enhanced gradually.Simultaneously,the fluorescent lifetime of the broadband emission of Sr2 CeO4 decreases with the doping of Eu3+,indicating an efficient energy transfer from the host to the doping Eu3+ions.The ene rgy transfer efficiency from the host to Eu3+was investigated in detail,and the emitting color of Sr2 CeO4:Eu3+can be easily tuned from blue to red by varying the doping concentration of Eu3+ions.Moreover,the luminescence of Dy3+-doped Sr2 CeO4 was also studied.Similar energy transfer pheno menon can be observed,and the incorporation of Dy3+into Sr2 CeO4 host leads to the characteristic emission of 4 F9/2→6 H15/2(488 nm,blue light)and 4 F9/2→6 H13/2(574 nm,yellow light)of Dy3+.The Sr2 CeO4:Ln3+fine particles with tunable luminescence are quite beneficial for its potential applications in the optoelectronic fields.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471957, 81772172, 81671971, U1602223 and 81871641)a grant from the Open Research Projects of Key Laboratory of Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (DTKF201705)
文摘The incidence of Japanese encephalitis(JE)has significantly decreased in China due to JE vaccines.In this study,we investigated the post-JE vaccination seroprevalence and protection provided by vaccinated sera against Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)to elucidate the persistence and waning of antibodies to JEV among JE-SA14-14-2-vaccinated children.A total of 300 serum samples were collected from vaccinated children aged 3-10 years in Zhaotong,Yunnan,China.The seroprevalence of anti-JEV antibodies was determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay and plaque reduction neutralization test.The highest seropositivity of 82%was observed in vaccinated children during the first 0.5-1.5 years after booster vaccination.Then,the seropositivity began to decline and remained lower than the original level observed in the 0.5-1.5-year group.An association was found between the waning of seroprevalence and elapsed time of the post-booster vaccination.Similarly,the neutralizing antibody(nAb)titres gradually decreased over time,and the levels showed a positive correlation with the protective efficacy in mice.This finding suggests that nAbs play an important role in the antiviral process and that the nAb titre is an adequately credible parameter for evaluating the protective efficacy induced by the JE vaccine.Our results provide data that clarify the persistence and waning of antibodies to JEV,which may help elucidate the pathogenesis of JE.
