The chemical oxygen demand (COD) is selected as the index in this paper. The system dynamics method is used to analyze the emission right price of medical sewage, the boundary of the emission right price system is det...The chemical oxygen demand (COD) is selected as the index in this paper. The system dynamics method is used to analyze the emission right price of medical sewage, the boundary of the emission right price system is determined, and the system dynamics model of the initial emission right of medical sewage is constructed, in which the system is divided into water resources subsystem, population subsystem, economic subsystem and social subsystem. It is expected to expand the theory of the system modeling of the initial discharge right of medical sewage, and to provide the basis for the relevant decision of the environmental management authorities.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to assess the effect of hearing and speech rehabilitation in patients with Nurotron■cochlear implants.Design:Ninety-eight paediatric patients with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineura...Objectives:This study aimed to assess the effect of hearing and speech rehabilitation in patients with Nurotron■cochlear implants.Design:Ninety-eight paediatric patients with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural deafness who received cochlear implantation were divided into three groups according to age:group A(≤3 years),group B(4-7 years),and group C(8-16 years).All patients were followed up for one year for hearing and speech performance after the surgery.The comprehensive Auditory Perception Assessment,MAIS,CAP and SIR hearing and speech assessments and rating materials were used for assessment before the surgery and at 3,6,and 12 months after implant activation.Results:The scores of patients in the open-set speech assessment,Chinese Auditory Perception Assessment,MAIS,CAP and SIR significantly improved after cochlear implantation in all age groups.The younger the age at implantation,the better the results.Moreover,the hearing and speech performance of cochlear implant recipients gradually improved with the extension of rehabilitation time.Conclusions:Nurotron■Venus^TM cochlear implantation can improve the hearing and speech performance of patients with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural deafness.展开更多
Permanent damage to hair cells(HCs)is the leading cause of sensory deafness.Supporting cells(SCs)are essential in the restoration of hearing in mammals because they can proliferate and differentiate to HCs.MDS1 and EV...Permanent damage to hair cells(HCs)is the leading cause of sensory deafness.Supporting cells(SCs)are essential in the restoration of hearing in mammals because they can proliferate and differentiate to HCs.MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus(MECOM)is vital in early development and cell differentiation and regulates the TGF-βsignaling pathway to adapt to pathophysiological events,such as hematopoietic proliferation,differentiation and cells death.In addition,MECOM plays an essential role in neurogenesis and craniofacial development.However,the role of MECOM in the development of cochlea and its way to regulate related signaling are not fully understood.To address this problem,this study examined the expression of MECOM during the development of cochlea and observed a significant increase of MECOM at the key point of auditory epithelial morphogenesis,indicating that MECOM may have a vital function in the formation of cochlea and regeneration of HCs.Meanwhile,we tried to explore the possible effect and potential mechanism of MECOM in SC proliferation and HC regeneration.Findings from this study indicate that overexpression of MECOM markedly increases the proliferation of SCs in the inner ear,and the expression of Smad3 and Cdkn2b related to TGF signaling is significantly down-regulated,corresponding to the overexpression of MECOM.Collectively,these data may provide an explanation of the vital function of MECOM in SC proliferation and trans-differentiation into HCs,as well as its regulation.The interaction between MECOM,Wnt,Notch and the TGF-βsignaling may provide a feasible approach to induce the regeneration of HCs.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the role of the periotic mesenchyme(POM)in the development of sensory cells of developing auditory epithelium.Methods:Developing auditory epithelium with or without periotic mesenchyme was iso...Objective:To investigate the role of the periotic mesenchyme(POM)in the development of sensory cells of developing auditory epithelium.Methods:Developing auditory epithelium with or without periotic mesenchyme was isolated from mice at embryonic days 11.5(E11.5),E12.5 and E13.5,respectively,and cultured in vitro to an equivalent of E18.5’s epithelium in vivo.Then,the explants were co-stained with antibodies targeting myosin VIIA,Sox2 and BrdU.Results:More hair cells in E11.5 t 7 DIV,E12.5 t 6 DIV and E13.5 t 5 DIV auditory epithelia were found upon culture with POM(225.90±62.44,476.94±100.81,and 1386.60±202.38,respectively)compared with the non-POM group(68.17±23.74,205.00±44.23,and 1266.80±38.84,respectively).Moreover,regardless of developmental stage,the mesenchymal tissue increased the amount of cochlear sensory cells as well as the ratio of differentiated hair cells to total sensory cells.Conclusions:The periotic mesenchyme promotes the development of cochlear sensory cells,and its effect depends on the developmental stage of the auditory epithelium.展开更多
文摘The chemical oxygen demand (COD) is selected as the index in this paper. The system dynamics method is used to analyze the emission right price of medical sewage, the boundary of the emission right price system is determined, and the system dynamics model of the initial emission right of medical sewage is constructed, in which the system is divided into water resources subsystem, population subsystem, economic subsystem and social subsystem. It is expected to expand the theory of the system modeling of the initial discharge right of medical sewage, and to provide the basis for the relevant decision of the environmental management authorities.
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to assess the effect of hearing and speech rehabilitation in patients with Nurotron■cochlear implants.Design:Ninety-eight paediatric patients with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural deafness who received cochlear implantation were divided into three groups according to age:group A(≤3 years),group B(4-7 years),and group C(8-16 years).All patients were followed up for one year for hearing and speech performance after the surgery.The comprehensive Auditory Perception Assessment,MAIS,CAP and SIR hearing and speech assessments and rating materials were used for assessment before the surgery and at 3,6,and 12 months after implant activation.Results:The scores of patients in the open-set speech assessment,Chinese Auditory Perception Assessment,MAIS,CAP and SIR significantly improved after cochlear implantation in all age groups.The younger the age at implantation,the better the results.Moreover,the hearing and speech performance of cochlear implant recipients gradually improved with the extension of rehabilitation time.Conclusions:Nurotron■Venus^TM cochlear implantation can improve the hearing and speech performance of patients with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural deafness.
基金was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81371089)the Research Project of Wannan Medical College(grant number WK202122).
文摘Permanent damage to hair cells(HCs)is the leading cause of sensory deafness.Supporting cells(SCs)are essential in the restoration of hearing in mammals because they can proliferate and differentiate to HCs.MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus(MECOM)is vital in early development and cell differentiation and regulates the TGF-βsignaling pathway to adapt to pathophysiological events,such as hematopoietic proliferation,differentiation and cells death.In addition,MECOM plays an essential role in neurogenesis and craniofacial development.However,the role of MECOM in the development of cochlea and its way to regulate related signaling are not fully understood.To address this problem,this study examined the expression of MECOM during the development of cochlea and observed a significant increase of MECOM at the key point of auditory epithelial morphogenesis,indicating that MECOM may have a vital function in the formation of cochlea and regeneration of HCs.Meanwhile,we tried to explore the possible effect and potential mechanism of MECOM in SC proliferation and HC regeneration.Findings from this study indicate that overexpression of MECOM markedly increases the proliferation of SCs in the inner ear,and the expression of Smad3 and Cdkn2b related to TGF signaling is significantly down-regulated,corresponding to the overexpression of MECOM.Collectively,these data may provide an explanation of the vital function of MECOM in SC proliferation and trans-differentiation into HCs,as well as its regulation.The interaction between MECOM,Wnt,Notch and the TGF-βsignaling may provide a feasible approach to induce the regeneration of HCs.
基金the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81371089)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the role of the periotic mesenchyme(POM)in the development of sensory cells of developing auditory epithelium.Methods:Developing auditory epithelium with or without periotic mesenchyme was isolated from mice at embryonic days 11.5(E11.5),E12.5 and E13.5,respectively,and cultured in vitro to an equivalent of E18.5’s epithelium in vivo.Then,the explants were co-stained with antibodies targeting myosin VIIA,Sox2 and BrdU.Results:More hair cells in E11.5 t 7 DIV,E12.5 t 6 DIV and E13.5 t 5 DIV auditory epithelia were found upon culture with POM(225.90±62.44,476.94±100.81,and 1386.60±202.38,respectively)compared with the non-POM group(68.17±23.74,205.00±44.23,and 1266.80±38.84,respectively).Moreover,regardless of developmental stage,the mesenchymal tissue increased the amount of cochlear sensory cells as well as the ratio of differentiated hair cells to total sensory cells.Conclusions:The periotic mesenchyme promotes the development of cochlear sensory cells,and its effect depends on the developmental stage of the auditory epithelium.