目的探讨血清总胆红素(total serum bilirubin,TSB)和胆红素/白蛋白比值(the ratio of bilirubin to albumin,B/A)在新生儿急性胆红素脑病(acute bilirubin encephalopathy,ABE)中的预测价值。方法选择2018年3月至2019年8月南京市妇幼...目的探讨血清总胆红素(total serum bilirubin,TSB)和胆红素/白蛋白比值(the ratio of bilirubin to albumin,B/A)在新生儿急性胆红素脑病(acute bilirubin encephalopathy,ABE)中的预测价值。方法选择2018年3月至2019年8月南京市妇幼保健院、广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院、西北妇女儿童医院、银川市妇幼保健院、聊城市人民医院收治的极重度高胆红素血症新生儿(TSB≥425μmol/L)进行前瞻性研究,根据胆红素诱发神经损伤评分,将研究对象分为ABE组和非ABE组,分析TSB峰值、B/A值对新生儿ABE的预测价值。结果研究期间5家医院共收治194例极重度高胆红素血症患儿,其中ABE组20例,非ABE组174例,胆红素峰值范围427~979μmol/L。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristics,ROC)曲线分析TSB峰值、B/A值预测ABE的最佳临界值分别为530μmol/L和9.48,TSB峰值与B/A值联合应用识别ABE的敏感度为85.0%,特异度为92.8%。结论TSB峰值联合B/A值可有效识别新生儿ABE,当TSB峰值>530μmol/L、B/A值>9.48时,患儿发生ABE的风险较高。展开更多
Trace metals such as manganese(Mn),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)are essential for many biological processes in plant life cycles.However,in excess,they can be toxic and disrupt plant growth processes,which is econo...Trace metals such as manganese(Mn),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)are essential for many biological processes in plant life cycles.However,in excess,they can be toxic and disrupt plant growth processes,which is economically undesirable for crop production.For this reason,processes such as homeostasis and transport control of these trace metals are of constant interest to scientists studying heavily contaminated habitats.Phytoremediation is a promising cleanup technology for soils polluted with heavy metals.However,this technique has some disadvantages,such as the slow growth rate of metal-accumulating plant species,low bioavailability of heavy metals,and long duration of remediation.Microbial-assisted phytoremediation is a promising strategy for hyperaccumulating,detoxifying,or remediating soil contaminants.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are found in association with almost all plants,contributing to their healthy performance and providing resistance against environmental stresses.They colonize plant roots and extend their hyphae to the rhizosphere region,assisting in mineral nutrient uptake and regulation of heavy metal acquisition.Endophytic fungi exist in every healthy plant tissue and provide enormous services to their host plants,including growth enhancement by nutrient acquisition,detoxification of heavy metals,secondary metabolite regulation,and enhancement of abiotic/biotic stress tolerance.The aim of the present work is to review the recent literature regarding the role of AMF and endophytic fungi in plant heavy metal tolerance in terms of its regulation in highly contaminated conditions.展开更多
Metal ions are essential for plant growth and development,but in excess,these compounds can become highly toxic.Plants have adopted numerous ways to maintain metal homeostasis while mitigating adverse effects of exces...Metal ions are essential for plant growth and development,but in excess,these compounds can become highly toxic.Plants have adopted numerous ways to maintain metal homeostasis while mitigating adverse effects of excess metal ions,including phytochelatin and the metal-chelating proteins metallothioneins(MTs).A family of cysteine(Cys)-rich,intracellular,and low-molecular-weight(4-8 kDa)MTs are proteins found in nearly all phyla including plants,animals,and fungi,and they have the potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species and detoxify toxic metals including copper,cadmium,and zinc.Based on their Cys numbers and residues,MTs have been categorized into three major classes.Class I MTs,which have highly conserved Cys residues,are found in animals,while class II MTs,with less conserved Cys residues,are present in plants and are classified further into four groups.Class III MTs include phytochelatins,a group of enzymatically synthesized Cys-rich proteins.The MTs have been an area of interest for five decades with extensive studies,which have been facilitated by advancements in instrumental techniques,protein science,and molecular biology tools.Here,we reviewed current advances in our understanding of the regulation of MT biosynthesis,their expression,and their potential roles in the alleviation of abiotic stresses(i.e.,drought,salinity,and oxidative stresses)and heavy metal detoxification and homeostasis.展开更多
文摘目的探讨血清总胆红素(total serum bilirubin,TSB)和胆红素/白蛋白比值(the ratio of bilirubin to albumin,B/A)在新生儿急性胆红素脑病(acute bilirubin encephalopathy,ABE)中的预测价值。方法选择2018年3月至2019年8月南京市妇幼保健院、广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院、西北妇女儿童医院、银川市妇幼保健院、聊城市人民医院收治的极重度高胆红素血症新生儿(TSB≥425μmol/L)进行前瞻性研究,根据胆红素诱发神经损伤评分,将研究对象分为ABE组和非ABE组,分析TSB峰值、B/A值对新生儿ABE的预测价值。结果研究期间5家医院共收治194例极重度高胆红素血症患儿,其中ABE组20例,非ABE组174例,胆红素峰值范围427~979μmol/L。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristics,ROC)曲线分析TSB峰值、B/A值预测ABE的最佳临界值分别为530μmol/L和9.48,TSB峰值与B/A值联合应用识别ABE的敏感度为85.0%,特异度为92.8%。结论TSB峰值联合B/A值可有效识别新生儿ABE,当TSB峰值>530μmol/L、B/A值>9.48时,患儿发生ABE的风险较高。
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFD-0800807)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.31702003 and 31902105)+3 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)(No.2017QNRC001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019 M651505)the“Chenguang Program”of the Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,China(No.17CG07)the Shanghai Agriculture Science and Technology Development Project,China(No.2018-4-13).
文摘Trace metals such as manganese(Mn),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)are essential for many biological processes in plant life cycles.However,in excess,they can be toxic and disrupt plant growth processes,which is economically undesirable for crop production.For this reason,processes such as homeostasis and transport control of these trace metals are of constant interest to scientists studying heavily contaminated habitats.Phytoremediation is a promising cleanup technology for soils polluted with heavy metals.However,this technique has some disadvantages,such as the slow growth rate of metal-accumulating plant species,low bioavailability of heavy metals,and long duration of remediation.Microbial-assisted phytoremediation is a promising strategy for hyperaccumulating,detoxifying,or remediating soil contaminants.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are found in association with almost all plants,contributing to their healthy performance and providing resistance against environmental stresses.They colonize plant roots and extend their hyphae to the rhizosphere region,assisting in mineral nutrient uptake and regulation of heavy metal acquisition.Endophytic fungi exist in every healthy plant tissue and provide enormous services to their host plants,including growth enhancement by nutrient acquisition,detoxification of heavy metals,secondary metabolite regulation,and enhancement of abiotic/biotic stress tolerance.The aim of the present work is to review the recent literature regarding the role of AMF and endophytic fungi in plant heavy metal tolerance in terms of its regulation in highly contaminated conditions.
基金This research was supported by the National Key R&D Programe of China(No.2018 YFA 0900600).
文摘Metal ions are essential for plant growth and development,but in excess,these compounds can become highly toxic.Plants have adopted numerous ways to maintain metal homeostasis while mitigating adverse effects of excess metal ions,including phytochelatin and the metal-chelating proteins metallothioneins(MTs).A family of cysteine(Cys)-rich,intracellular,and low-molecular-weight(4-8 kDa)MTs are proteins found in nearly all phyla including plants,animals,and fungi,and they have the potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species and detoxify toxic metals including copper,cadmium,and zinc.Based on their Cys numbers and residues,MTs have been categorized into three major classes.Class I MTs,which have highly conserved Cys residues,are found in animals,while class II MTs,with less conserved Cys residues,are present in plants and are classified further into four groups.Class III MTs include phytochelatins,a group of enzymatically synthesized Cys-rich proteins.The MTs have been an area of interest for five decades with extensive studies,which have been facilitated by advancements in instrumental techniques,protein science,and molecular biology tools.Here,we reviewed current advances in our understanding of the regulation of MT biosynthesis,their expression,and their potential roles in the alleviation of abiotic stresses(i.e.,drought,salinity,and oxidative stresses)and heavy metal detoxification and homeostasis.
