Optimized CeO_(2) Nanowires with Rich Surface Oxygen Vacancies Enable Fast Li-Ion Conduction in Composite Polymer Electrolytes

Low-cost and flexible solid polymer electrolytes are promising in all-solid-state Li-metal batteries with high energy density and safety.However,both the low room-temperature ionic conductivities and the small Li^(+)transference number of these electrolytes significantly increase the internal resistance and overpotential of the battery.Here,we introduce Gd-doped CeO_(2) nanowires with large surface area and rich surface oxygen vacancies to the polymer electrolyte to increase the interaction between Gd-doped CeO_(2) nanowires and polymer electrolytes,which promotes the Li-salt dissociation and increases the concentration of mobile Li ions in the composite polymer electrolytes.The optimized composite polymer electrolyte has a high Li-ion conductivity of 5×10^(-4)4 S cm^(-1) at 30℃ and a large Li+transference number of 0.47.Moreover,the composite polymer electrolytes have excellent compatibility with the metallic lithium anode and high-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Mn _(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC)cathode,providing the stable cycling of all-solid-state batteries at high current densities.

Intratympanic injection of hydrogel nanodrug for the prevention and treatment of sensorineural hearing loss

Safe and efficient drug delivery to the inner ear has always been the focus of prevention and treatment of sensorineural deafness.The rapid development of nanodrug delivery systems based on hydrogel has provided a new opportunity.Among them,thermo-sensitive hydrogels promote the development of new dosage form for intratympanic injection.This smart biomaterial could transform to semisolid phase when the temperature increased.Thermo-sensitive hydrogel nanodrug delivery system is expected to achieve safe,efficient,and sustained inner ear drug administration.This article introduces the key techniques and the latest progress in this field.

Special Expression of Thy-1 in Different Malignant Tumors

Objective： To investigate the expression status of Thy-1 in malignant cancerous tissues and to evaluate whether Thy-1 could be a potential tumor marker. Methods： Immunohistochemistry method was used to examine Thy-1 expressions in different malignant tumor tissues. We used a monoclonal antibody specific for Thy-1 and the indirect Catalysis Signal Amplification method. With the help of tissue microarray （TMA）, we examined expression the status of Thy-1 in 1451 different types of malignant tumor tissues, 144 normal tissues and benign lesions. Results： All the malignant tumor cells were grouped as one group （malignant cells group） and normal or benign tumor tissue cells as another group （normal cells group）. Among the entire 1451 malignant cases group, positive Thy-1 expression with diffuse and strong staining was observed in 734 （734/1451; 50.59%） cases. In the benign cases only 6 chronic cervicitis cases showed weak staining for Thy-1. All the normal tissue showed negative staining. One-Way ANVOA analysis showed F value between these two groups was 147.229 （P〈0.0001）. Conclusion： A significantly stronger expression of Thy-1 in malignant tumors was observed. Special overexpression of Thy-1 in malignant tumors suggests that Thy-1 might be a potential novel tumor marker with respect to cancer progression. Chronic cervicitis has some relationship with cervix carcinoma. When it develops into atypical hyperplasia, it will be a precancerous lesion for cervix carcinoma. In this research we found weak staining for Thy-1 in chronic cervicitis lesion, so Thy-1 may play a crucial role in carcinogenesis for cervix carcinoma. The research about the relationship between Thy-1 expressions in cancer cells and in precancerous lesion will provide some clues to understand the mechanism for carcinogenesis process.

Axial length,vitreoretinal pathology,and anterior chamber depth can predict postoperative refractive outcomes in phacovitrectomy/silicone oil removal

AIM:To evaluate the postoperative refractive prediction error(PE)and determine the factors that af fect the refractive outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)or silicone oil removal(SOR)with cataract surgery.METHODS:The study is a retrospective,case-series study.Totally 301 eyes of 301 patients undergoing combined PPV/SOR with cataract surgery were enrolled.Eligible individuals were separated into four groups according to their preoperative diagnoses:silicone oil-filled eyes after PPV(group 1),epiretinal membrane(group 2),macular hole(group 3),and primary retinal detachment(RD;group 4).The variables af fecting postoperative refractive outcomes were analyzed,including age,gender,preoperative best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),axial length(AL),keratometry average,anterior chamber depth(ACD),intraocular tamponade,and vitreoretinal pathology.The outcome measurements include the mean refractive PE and the proportions of eyes with a PE within±0.50 diopter(D)and±1.00 D.RESULTS:For all patients,the mean PE was-0.04±1.17 D,and 50.17%of patients(eyes)had a PE within±0.50 D.There was a significant difference in refractive outcomes among the four groups(P=0.028),with RD(group 4)showing the least favorable refractive outcome.In multivariate regression analysis,only AL,vitreoretinal pathology,and ACD were strongly associated with PE(all P<0.01).Univariate analysis revealed that longer eyes(AL>26 mm)and a deeper ACD were correlated with hyperopic PE,and shorter eyes(AL<26 mm)and a shallower ACD were correlated with myopic PE.CONCLUSION:RD patients have the least favorable refractive outcome.AL,vitreoretinal pathology,and ACD are strongly associated with PE in the combined surgery.These three factors affect refractive outcomes and thus can be used to predict a better postoperative refractive outcome in clinical practice.

Ice storm damage to oak forests in subtropical China

Ice storms,as important sources of frequent and injurious disturbances,drive forest dynamics in the Northern Hemisphere.However,stand-level differential vulnerability to ice storms and the associated factors that predispose forest stands remain unclear.This is particularly concerning in the subtropics where the frequency of ice storms is predicted to increase with global warming.Here we assessed how the impact on three forest stands(early and late secondary-growth forests,and old-growth forests)differed after an extreme ice storm during 20–21 March 2022,and identified the abiotic and biotic factors that determine the damage intensity in the Shennongjia World Natural Heritage Site,a biodiversity conservation hotspot in central China.We found a stand-specific‘middomain effect’where the late secondary-growth forest sustained the most severe damage,the early secondarygrowth forest sustained the least,and the old-growth forest suffered an intermediate amount.‘Crown broken’was the most severe damage type across all three forest stands,although the proportion of‘branch broken’was also high in the old-growth forest.Topography played a significant role in determining the vulnerability of the early secondary-growth forest to severe ice storms whereas the forest structure and composition were important factors in explaining the damage rates in the old-growth forest,although they differed among the damage categories.In contrast,topography,forest structure and composition generally explain the intensity of damage in the late secondary-growth forests.Our results highlight that,in subtropical forests,the intensity of damage caused by severe ice storms and related determining factors are stand-level dependent.We also suggest exploring potential management strategies(e.g.,slow-growing hardwood species that can resist storms should be the main species for reforestation in early secondary-growth forests)to mitigate the risk of future severe ice storms,as well as other wind-related climatic extremes.

Iterative Receiver for Orthogonal Time Frequency Space with Index Modulation via Structured Prior-Based Hybrid Belief and Expectation Propagation

Orthogonal Time Frequency Space(OTFS)signaling with index modulation(IM)is a promising transmission scheme characterized by high transmission efficiency for high mobility scenarios.In this paper,we study the receiver for coded OTFS-IM system.First,we construct the corresponding factor graph,on which the structured prior incorporating activation pattern constraint and channel coding is devised.Then we develop a iterative receiver via structured prior-based hybrid belief propagation(BP)and expectation propagation(EP)algorithm,named as StrBP-EP,for the coded OTFS-IM system.To reduce the computational complexity of discrete distribution introduced by structured prior,Gaussian approximation conducted by EP is adopted.To further reduce the complexity,we derive two variations of the proposed algorithm by using some approximations.Simulation results validate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm.

UAMP-Based Delay-Doppler Channel Estimation for OTFS Systems

Orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS)technique,which modulates data symbols in the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,presents a potential solution for supporting reliable information transmission in highmobility vehicular networks.In this paper,we study the issues of DD channel estimation for OTFS in the presence of fractional Doppler.We first propose a channel estimation algorithm with both low complexity and high accuracy based on the unitary approximate message passing(UAMP),which exploits the structured sparsity of the effective DD domain channel using hidden Markov model(HMM).The empirical state evolution(SE)analysis is then leveraged to predict the performance of our proposed algorithm.To refine the hyperparameters in the proposed algorithm,we derive the update criterion for the hyperparameters through the expectation-maximization(EM)algorithm.Finally,Our simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can achieve a significant gain over various baseline schemes.

Outcomes and risk factors for failure of trabeculectomy in glaucomatous patients in Southwest China:a 325 eyes analysis

AIM:To evaluate the outcomes and elucidate the failure factors for trabeculectomy with mitomycin C(MMC)in Southwest Chinese patients.METHODS:A retrospective correlational study was conducted on the glaucomatous patients who underwent initial trabeculectomy with MMC in Southwest Hospital and had been followed up for 1-3y.A complete success for surgery is defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP)>5 and≤21 mm Hg and 20%reduction of IOP compared to preoperative,without IOP-lowering medications.A qualified success for surgery is defined as the abovementioned postoperative IOP with or without IOP-lowering medications.The primary outcomes were IOP,the number of IOP-lowering medications,and cumulative success rate.The secondary outcomes included best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),mean deviation(MD)of visual field,major complications,and risk factors for surgical failure.RESULTS:A total of 325 eyes of 261 glaucomatous patients had been included in our study.Both the mean IOP and the number of IOP-lowering medications were significantly decreased from 32.9±12.0 to 16.4±5.7 mm Hg(P<0.0001)and 3.0±0.9 to 0.9±1.0(P<0.0001),respectively,at the last visit.The cumulative complete success rate and qualified success rate were 77.8%and 92.0%at 1-year follow-up,and 47.2%and 77.7%at 3-year follow up.There were no significant differences in surgical outcomes between primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)and primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).In PACG patients,the success rates of trabeculectomy were comparable with those of phacotrabeculectomy.Hypertension(HR=1.904,P=0.011),encapsulated bleb(HR=2.756,P<0.001),and more preoperative topical medications(HR=2.475,P=0.008)were risk factors for surgical failure.CONCLUSION:The qualified success rate of trabeculectomy with MMC in glaucomatous patients in the cohort is 92.0%at 1-year,and 77.7%at 3-year follow up.Hypertension,encapsulated bleb,and more preoperative topical medications are associated with surgical failure.

非小细胞肺癌围手术期免疫治疗相关不良反应管理的临床诊疗建议

背景与目的肺癌围手术期治疗(术前新辅助治疗及术后辅助治疗)作为手术的重要辅助手段,已成为非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)全程管理中越来越重要的环节。近年来,小规模临床研究发现免疫新辅助治疗主要病理缓解率明显提升,甚至达到完全病理缓解,有望成为NSCLC治疗的重要组成部分。然而,免疫新辅助治疗带来疗效和生存获益,同时,其相关严重不良反应(延误手术、丧失手术机会、死亡等)备受关注。本诊疗建议目的是针对免疫检查点抑制剂相关不良反应(immune-related adverse event,irAE)形成适合国内医疗现状的诊疗方案。方法本文由胸外科专家、肿瘤学专家、胸内科专家以及irAE相关科室专家(消化内科、呼吸内科、心血管内科、感染内科、血液内科、内分泌科、风湿免疫科、神经内科、皮肤科和急诊科)共同完成本诊疗意见的制定工作。专家充分参考irAE指南、胸外科公开发表的大型临床研究数据以及国内医生的临床实战经验和公开发表个案,多学科反复讨论,形成针对围手术期免疫治疗相关不良反应的诊疗建议。结果本诊疗意见涵盖irAE相关的预防、评估、检查、治疗和监测全过程,以便全面、有效的指导临床工作。结论围手术期irAE管理是肺癌免疫围手术期治疗的重要组成部分,随着免疫围手术期治疗的不断发展,未来需要更多的研究,以优化围手术irAE的诊疗。

国际抗癌联盟(UICC)第8版肺癌分期方案的验证

目的:验证国际抗癌联盟(UICC)第8版肺癌分期方案在中国肺癌患者中的应用价值。方法:分别应用UICC第8版分期方案和第7版分期方案对2010年6月至2018年4月在北京大学肿瘤医院暨北京市肿瘤防治研究所3825例Ⅰ~Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌术后患者的数据进行分期,使用Kaplan-Meier方法对每个亚组的患者进行生存分析,Cox回归方法评估各亚组之间的差异。结果:按照UICC第8版进行分期后,共有906例(23.7%)患者的分期发生变化,全部转向更晚分期。生存分析显示,根据第8版分期,除ⅠA1和ⅠA2亚组之间(P=0.057)差异无统计学意义以外,其余每两个相邻分期亚组之间的差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。T分期和N分期中,每两个相邻亚组之间的差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。M分期中,M0和M1a亚组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001),而M1a和M1b亚组之间未观察到显著性差异(P=0.397)。结论:与UICC第7版分期相比,第8版为中国肺癌患者提供了更准确的预后信息,尤其是对于分期为ⅠA1期、ⅠA2期和ⅠA3期的患者。

MiR-148b-3p在肺腺癌中的表达及其与患者预后的相关性

背景与目的 MiR-148b-3p是一种重要的微小RNA,已经被报道与多种癌症密切相关,但其在肺腺癌中的作用仍不清楚。本研究的目的是检测miR-148b-3p在肺腺癌中的表达水平,并分析其与临床病理特征及患者预后的相关性。方法收集2011年1月-2012年12月在本科室经手术切除的肺腺癌患者的肿瘤标本123例,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测miR-148b-3p的表达量,分析其与患者临床病理特征的相关性。利用多因素Cox比例风险模型分析影响患者总生存的独立预测因子。利用Kaplan-Meier生存分析方法估计miR-148b-3p高表达组和低表达组患者的总生存期,并使用Log-rank检验方法进行显著性检验。结果在123例肺腺癌患者中,有71例高表达miR-148b-3p,52例低表达。miR-148b-3p与肿瘤的分化程度(P=0.001)、肿瘤大小(P=0.007)显著相关,而与年龄、性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、脉管癌栓、胸膜侵犯、淋巴结转移、远处转移和术后治疗不存在统计学显著的相关性。多因素Cox比例风险模型分析显示肿瘤大小(P=0.032)、淋巴结转移(P=0.005)和miR-148b-3p表达量(P=0.047)是影响患者总生存的独立预测因子。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示miR-148b-3p高表达组患者的总生存显著优于miR-148b-3p低表达组患者(P=0.010)。结论 MiR-148b-3p在肺腺癌中与肿瘤的分化程度、肿瘤大小显著相关,并且是影响患者总生存的独立预测因子。MiR-148b-3p高表达组患者的总生存显著优于低表达组患者。因此,miR-148b-3p可能成为新的肺腺癌治疗靶标或预后生物标志物。

MicroRNA-136-5p靶向STAT3调控对脊髓损伤大鼠炎症因子的影响

目的研究microRNA-136-5p(miR-136-5p)靶向信号转导和转录激活子3(STAT3)调控对脊髓损伤大鼠炎症因子的影响。方法选取60只SD健康大鼠,随机分为对照组、脊髓损伤组、沉默组及过表达组,每组15只。将脊髓损伤组、沉默组、过表达组大鼠复制脊髓损伤模型,对照组在模型复制期间不做任何处理。无菌环境下将10μlmiR-136-5p慢病毒悬液(病毒滴度为108 TU/ml)注射于沉默组、过表达组大鼠脊髓损伤区。对照组、脊髓损伤组大鼠注射等量的生理盐水。使用BBB评分、联合行为评分法(CBS)对4组大鼠运动功能、脊髓神经功能进行评价,检测4组大鼠脊髓组织白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-21(IL-21)、白细胞介素-23(IL-23)表达水平及STAT3、磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)蛋白相对表达量,以及IL-17 mRNA表达水平。结果沉默组大鼠BBB评分高于脊髓损伤组和过表达组(P<0.05);沉默组大鼠CBS评分低于脊髓损伤组和过表达组(P<0.05)。沉默组大鼠脊髓组织IL-6、IL-21、IL-23表达水平低于脊髓损伤组和过表达组(P<0.05)。沉默组大鼠脊髓组织STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白相对表达量、IL-17 mRNA表达水平均低于对照组、脊髓损伤组及过表达组(P<0.05)。结论脊髓损伤后miR-136-5p沉默可抑制STAT3的表达,进而抑制炎症因子的过度表达,最终抑制脊髓炎症反应。

Evaluation of the 7^(th) edition of the TNM classification in patients with resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM:To evaluate the prognostic factors and tumor stages of the 7th edition TNM classification for esophageal cancer.METHODS:In total,1033 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)who underwent surgical resection with or without(neo)adjuvant therapy between January 2003 and June 2012 at the Thoracic Surgery DepartmentⅡof the Beijing Cancer Hospital,Beijing,China were included in this study.The following eligibility criteria were applied:(1)squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction identified by histopathological examination;(2)treatment with esophagectomy plus lymphadenectomy with curative intent;and(3)complete pathologic reports and follow-up data.Patients who underwent non-curative(R1)resection and patients who died in hospital were excluded.Patients who received(neo)adjuvant therapy were also included in thisanalysis.All patients were restaged using the 7th edition of the Union for International Cancer Control and the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging systems.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the prognostic factors for survival.Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the log-rank test was used to evaluate differences between the subgroups.RESULTS:Of the 1033 patients,273 patients received(neo)adjuvant therapy,and 760 patients were treated with surgery alone.The median follow-up time was 51.6mo(range:5-112 mo)and the overall 5-year survival rate was 36.4%.Gender,"p T"and"p N"descriptors,(neo)adjuvant therapy,and the 7th edition TNM stage grouping were independent prognostic factors in the univariate and multivariate analyses.However,neither histologic grade nor cancer location were independent prognostic factors in the univariate and multivariate analyses.The 5-year stage-based survival rates were as follows:ⅠA,84.9%;ⅠB,70.9%;ⅡA,56.2%;ⅡB,43.3%;ⅢA,37.9%;ⅢB,23.3%;ⅢC,12.9%andⅣ,3.4%.There were significant differences between each adjacent staging classification.Moreover,there were significant differences between each adjacent p N and p M subgroup.According to the p T descriptor,there were significant differences between each adjacent subgroup except between p T3 and p T4(P=0.405).However,there was no significant difference between each adjacent histologic grade subgroup and between each adjacent cancer location subgroup.CONCLUSION:The 7th edition is considered to be valid for patients with resected ESCC.However,the histologic grade and cancer location were not prognostic factors for ESCC.

Full-thickness excision using transanal endoscopic microsurgery for treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors

AIM:To assess the efficacy of full-thickness excision using transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM) in the treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors.METHODS:We analyzed the data of all rectal neuroendocrine tumor patients who underwent local full-thickness excision using TEM between December 2006 and December 2014 at our department. Data collected included patient demographics,tumor characteristics,operative details,postoperative outcomes,pathologic findings,and follow-ups. RESULTS:Full-thickness excision using TEM was performed as a primary excision(n = 38) or as complete surgery after incomplete resection by endoscopic polypectomy(n = 21). The mean size of a primary tumor was 0.96 ± 0.21 cm,and the mean distance of the tumor from the anal verge was 8.4 ± 1.4 cm. The mean duration of the operation was 57.6 ± 13.7 min,and the mean blood loss was 13.5 ± 6.6 m L. No minor morbidities,transient fecal incontinence,or wound dehiscence was found. Histopathologically,all tumors showed typical histology without lymphatic or vessel infiltration,and both deep and lateral surgical margins were completely free of tumors. Among 21 cases of complete surgery after endoscopic polypectomy,9 were histologically shown to have a residual tumor in the specimens obtained by TEM. No additional radical surgery was performed. Norecurrence was noted during the median of 3 years' follow-up.CONCLUSION:Full-thickness excision using TEM could be a first surgical option for complete removal of upper small rectal neuroendocrine tumors.

贫富群体心理融合中的“富人道德极化”现象

以中国传统的财富观为基础,从社会群体融合的视角出发,采用实验法,探讨道德与贫富身份在贫富群体心理融合中的作用。方法:有643名和310名社会人士先后参加了两个系列实验,两个实验分别操作了一般情境下和贫富冲突情景下主人公的贫富身份与道德水平,考察被试对不同贫富身份主人公的心理融合。结果:贫富群体心理融合中,贫富身份和道德的主效应显著,道德的贡献度更大,道德与贫富身份交互影响人们对贫富群体的心理融合,在高道德条件下,人们对富人的心理融合高于穷人,而在低道德条件下,人们对富人的心理融合低于穷人,即出现了“富人道德极化”现象。

Clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of 44 patients with pure secretory breast carcinoma

Objective: Secretory breast carcinoma(SBC) is a rare type of breast malignancy, accounting for less than 0.02% of all infiltrating breast malignancies. The pure SBC, a type of SBC without another type of breast malignant neoplasm, is particularly rare. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular features of pure SBC.Methods: The main pathological parameters such as estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR), and human epithelial growth factor receptor 2(C-erbB-2) were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC), and the clinicopathologic and prognostic difference were compared with invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC). Fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was performed to identify the ETV6-NTRK3 rearrangement of SBC.Results: We found that the positivity rates of ER, PR, C-erbB-2, p53, and S-100 were 47.7%(21/44), 52.3%(23/44), 36.4%(16/44), 27.3%(12/44), and 95.5%(42/44), respectively, which were higher than those reported in previous studies. Special periodic acid-Schiff analysis was performed in 36 patients, and the value of the Ki-67 index ranged from 1% to 50%(mean value:10%). Interestingly, most patients with pure SBC harbored an ETV6-NTRK3 rearrangement with an 88.6%(39/44) expression rate. Compared with IDC, the tumor size of most patients with SBC was larger than 2 cm(P = 0.024). Ultrasound showed benign lesions, and the total misdiagnosis rate was higher(P = 0.020). Although the pathological classification was mostly triple-negative breast cancers(P = 0.036), there was less metastasis(P = 0.029), and the overall prognosis was better than that of the IDC group.Conclusions: Although axillary lymph node metastasis, local recurrence, or distant metastasis may occur, SBC is also considered an indolent neoplasm with a good prognosis. Once diagnosed, surgical treatment should be performed as soon as possible,followed by appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy, irradiation, and endocrine therapies.

Pathophysiology of chronic pancreatitis induced by dibutyltin dichloride joint ethanol in mice

AIM: To search for a new chronic pancreatitis model in mice suitable for investigating the pathophysiological processes leading to pancreatic fibrosis.METHODS: The mice were randomly divided into 2 groups(n = 50), control group and model group. The mice in model group were given ethanol(10%) in drinking water after injection of dibutyltin dichloride(DBTC)(8 mg/kg BW) in tail vein. The mice in control group were injected with only solvent into tail vein( 60 % ethanol, 20% glycerine and 20% normal saline) and drank common water. At days 1, 7, 14, 28, and 56 after application of DBTC or solvent, 10 mice in one group were killed at each time point respectively. Blood was obtained by inferior vena cava puncture. The activity of amylase, concentration of bilirubin and hyaluronic acid in serum were assayed. The pancreas was taken to observe the pancreatic morphology by HE staining, and to characterize the pancreatic fibrosis by Masson staining. The expression of F4/80, CD3 and fibronectin(FN) were assayed by immuno-histochemistry or Immunofluorescence technique. Collagen typeⅠ(COL1A1) in pancreas were detected by Western blot. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1) m RNA in the pancreas was assessed by real time PCR.RESULTS: DBTC induced an acute edematous pancreatitis within 1 d. The dilated acini, scattered acinar cell necrosis, and inflammatory cells were found at day 7. Extensive infiltration with inflammatory cells following deposition of connective tissue was observed at day 14. At day 28, level of pancreatic fibrosis was aggravated. The pancreatic tissue was replaced by an extended interstitial fibrosis at the end of 2 mo. There was significant difference in the level of amylase, bilirubin and hyaluronic acid in serum between control group and model group(P < 0.05). The level of COL1A1 and FN in pancreas increased. The expression of MMP-1 m RNA in pancreas decreased, but TIMP-1 m RNA increased at model group.CONCLUSION: DBTC joint Ethanol drinking can induce chronic pancreatitis in accordance with the pathophysiological modification of human. DBTC joint Ethanol-induced pancreatitis in mice is an effective and handy experimental method. The model is suitable to study the mechanism of pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis.

Dachaihu decoction ameliorates pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration in chronic pancreatitis

AIM To explore the role of macrophages in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and the effect of Dachaihu decoction(DCHD) on pancreatic fibrosis in mice.METHODS Kun Ming mice were randomly divided into a control group, CP group, and DCHD group. In the CP and DCHD groups, mice were intraperitoneally injected with 20% L-arginine(3 g/kg twice 1 d/wk for 6 wk). Mice in the DCHD group were administered DCHD intragastrically at a dose of 14 g/kg/d 1 wk after CP induction. At 2 wk, 4 wk and 6 wk post-modeling, the morphology of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining. Interleukin-6(IL-6) serum levels were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the co-expression of F4/80 and IL-6 in the pancreas. Inflammatory factors including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α(MIP-1α) and IL-6 were determined using real time-polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to detect fibronectin levels in the pancreas. RESULTS Compared with the control group, mice with 20% L-arginine-induced CP had obvious macrophage infiltration and a higher level of fibrosis. IL-6 serum concentrations were significantly increased. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IL-6 and F4/80 were co-expressed in the pancreas. With the administration of DCHD, the infiltration of macrophages and degree of fibrosis in the pancreas were significantly attenuated; IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1α m RNA, and fibronectin levels were reduced. CONCLUSION The dominant role of macrophages in the development of CP was mainly related to IL-6 production. DCHD was effective in ameliorating pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and inflammatory factor secretion in the pancreas.

乳腺癌患者IDO表达及活性与新辅助化疗疗效的相关性研究

目的:分析吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase,IDO)在乳腺癌患者癌组织中表达及其在外周血中活性与新辅助化疗疗效的关系。方法:收集2015年9月至2016年12月天津医科大学肿瘤医院53例行新辅助化疗乳腺癌患者的肿瘤穿刺标本和血液标本,采用免疫组织化学法及高效液相色谱法检测癌组织中IDO表达及外周血中色氨酸(tryptophan,Trp)、犬尿氨酸(kynurenine,Kyn)浓度与IDO活性,分析IDO表达及活性与化疗疗效的相关性。结果:新辅助化疗前乳腺癌组织中IDO表达与临床T分期(P=0.006)、N分期(P=0.020)、临床分期(P=0.045)及ER状态(P=0.014)有关。新辅助化疗前外周血中IDO高活性伴随癌组织中IDO高表达(P=0.004),并与临床T分期(P=0.019)及N分期(P=0.047)有关。单因素分析显示新辅助化疗临床疗效与化疗前临床T分期(P=0.049)、ER状态(P=0.025)及分子分型(P=0.014)有关;病理完全缓解(pathologic complete response,pCR)与化疗前临床T分期(P=0.014)有关。更重要的是新辅助化疗临床疗效及pCR均与化疗前IDO表达及活性有关(均P<0.05)。多因素分析显示新辅助化疗前外周血中IDO活性是影响pCR的唯一独立因素(P=0.032)。结论:新辅助化疗前乳腺癌组织中IDO表达和外周血中IDO活性与化疗疗效相关,可以为临床预测化疗是否敏感提供一定信息。

乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的:探讨乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌(invasive micropapillary carcinoma,IMPC)的临床病理特征及预后。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年12月246例于天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的乳腺IMPC患者的临床病理资料,分为143例IMPC成分比例>50%(A组)和103例比例≤50%(B组)两组。多因素分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型,采用Log-rank检验及Kaplan Meier法等进行生存分析。结果:A组患者的5年无病生存(disease free survival,DFS)和总生存(overall survival,OS)时间均低于B组DFS(76.5%vs.83.6%,P=0.042)和OS(74.1%vs.81.6%,P=0.029)。A组中未行放疗患者的DFS和OS均低于行放疗患者的DFS(χ^2=5.219,P=0.022)和OS(χ^2=3.963,P=0.047)。Cox比例风险回归模型多因素分析显示,患者人类表皮生长因子受体-2(human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,HER-2)阳性表达(HR=2.989,95%CI:1.400~6.384,P=0.005),乳头侵犯(HR=2.388,95%CI:1.263~4.518,P=0.007),4枚以上淋巴结转移(HR=2.076,95%CI:1.080~3.992,P=0.029)为DFS独立危险因素,乳头侵犯(HR=1.951,95%CI:1.054~3.609,P=0.033)为OS独立危险因素,并且乳头侵犯中未行放疗患者的DFS和OS均低于行放疗患者的DFS(χ^2=6.541,P=0.011)和OS(χ^2=6.455,P=0.012)。结论:乳腺IMPC作为一种特殊类型乳腺癌,乳头侵犯提示预后较差。IMPC成分比例>50%较比例≤50%乳腺癌患者的预后更差,对于IMPC成分比例>50%或乳头侵犯患者,术后放疗能带来更多生存获益。