Image captioning refers to automatic generation of descriptive texts according to the visual content of images.It is a technique integrating multiple disciplines including the computer vision(CV),natural language proc...Image captioning refers to automatic generation of descriptive texts according to the visual content of images.It is a technique integrating multiple disciplines including the computer vision(CV),natural language processing(NLP)and artificial intelligence.In recent years,substantial research efforts have been devoted to generate image caption with impressive progress.To summarize the recent advances in image captioning,we present a comprehensive review on image captioning,covering both traditional methods and recent deep learning-based techniques.Specifically,we first briefly review the early traditional works based on the retrieval and template.Then deep learning-based image captioning researches are focused,which is categorized into the encoder-decoder framework,attention mechanism and training strategies on the basis of model structures and training manners for a detailed introduction.After that,we summarize the publicly available datasets,evaluation metrics and those proposed for specific requirements,and then compare the state of the art methods on the MS COCO dataset.Finally,we provide some discussions on open challenges and future research directions.展开更多
Invertase is a key enzyme in sucrose catabolism and crucial for plant assimilate distribution. With the development of molecularbiology, a lot of invertsae genes were cloned recently, and significant progress have bee...Invertase is a key enzyme in sucrose catabolism and crucial for plant assimilate distribution. With the development of molecularbiology, a lot of invertsae genes were cloned recently, and significant progress have been made in regulators on the expression of invertase genes.Thus, this article summarized theresearch progress of invertase in biological characteristics, molecular characteristics and expression regulation.展开更多
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(L201023)the Natural Science Foundation of China(62076030)。
文摘Image captioning refers to automatic generation of descriptive texts according to the visual content of images.It is a technique integrating multiple disciplines including the computer vision(CV),natural language processing(NLP)and artificial intelligence.In recent years,substantial research efforts have been devoted to generate image caption with impressive progress.To summarize the recent advances in image captioning,we present a comprehensive review on image captioning,covering both traditional methods and recent deep learning-based techniques.Specifically,we first briefly review the early traditional works based on the retrieval and template.Then deep learning-based image captioning researches are focused,which is categorized into the encoder-decoder framework,attention mechanism and training strategies on the basis of model structures and training manners for a detailed introduction.After that,we summarize the publicly available datasets,evaluation metrics and those proposed for specific requirements,and then compare the state of the art methods on the MS COCO dataset.Finally,we provide some discussions on open challenges and future research directions.
文摘Invertase is a key enzyme in sucrose catabolism and crucial for plant assimilate distribution. With the development of molecularbiology, a lot of invertsae genes were cloned recently, and significant progress have been made in regulators on the expression of invertase genes.Thus, this article summarized theresearch progress of invertase in biological characteristics, molecular characteristics and expression regulation.
