Alteration of Sex and Non-Sex Hormones and Distribution Features of Blood ABO System Groups among the Women with Uterine Body Tumors

Objectives: The aim of the investigation was to study the hormonal status (sex hormones: estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T);non-sex gonadotropic hormones-luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) of women with benign and malignant tumors of uterine body in the reproductive, menopause and postmenopause periods. Also the distribution features of the blood ABO system phenotype groups and their link to the development of uterine body tumors have been studied. Methods: The determination of hormones was made by the enzyme analysis method (ELAIZA), provided by the proper ELAIZA kits. For the study of blood ABO system antigens, internationally recognized immunoserology methods were used. Results: Investigations revealed the increased level of E2 and T on the background of the reduced P in the blood of the women with uterine tumors in the reproductive, menopause and post-menopause period. As for gonadotropic hormones, the decreased levels of LH and FSH have also been detected. From the ABO system phenotype groups A(II) group had the highest frequency between the women with malignant uterine tumor in the reproductive age. O (I) phenotype group was the most frequent in case of menopause and post-menopause women with uterine malignant tumors. Conclusions: Hormonal imbalance creates good conditions for the proliferation of uterine tissues and hence causes the development of benign and malignant uterine tumors. The imbalance of the sex steroid and gonadotropic hormones in the blood of post-menopause women indicates on the genotoxic mechanism of cancer development on the background of age-related changes. A(II) group had the highest frequency between the reproductive age women with uterine malignant tumor, while O (I) group was the most frequent in case of menopause and post-menopause patients.

Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies of Blood Plasma and Tumor Tissue of Men with Prostate Tumors

Objectives: Fluorescence spectroscopy which can be used for optical tissue diagnosis of tumor pathology?deserves special interest. The purpose of the work was to study blood plasma and tumor tissue of men with different forms of prostate tumors by using laser induced fluorescence. Blood plasma and tumor tissue of the patients with benign hyperplasia of the prostate (BHP), BHP with inflammation, BHP with high grade PIN (BHP with HGPIN) and adenocarcinoma of prostate (CaP) have been studied. Results: In case of blood plasma fluorescence,?intensity of the plasma proteins corresponding peak (340 - 360 nm) was increasing in the following manner: control group → BHP → BHP with HGPIN → CaP. The intensity of the nicotinamide coenzymes correspond peak (440 - 460 nm) was increased in case of BHP with HGPIN and CaP patients, but decreased in case of BHP, compared to control. In case of tumor tissue, the changes of the collagen peak (390 - 400 nm) intensity have been revealed in all cases of prostate tumor tissues. These alterations point to altered collagen biosynthesis levels in different tumor tissues, that reflects the structural changes and characteristics of malignant transformation. Also the changes of the nicotinamide coenzymes peak (440 - 460 nm) intensity in all spectra of tumor tissues were observed. The highest intensity of the peak was observed in the spectra of BHP with HGPIN and in prostate cancer tissue. Conclusions: Alterations of the coenzymes peak intensities perfectly reflect and are in accordance with the specific energy metabolism of prostate epithelial cells. Normalization of fluorescent spectra from different forms of prostate tumor tissues has shown that, each form has typical spectral shape and ratio of fluorescence peaks intensities.

Change of Erythrocytes Transport Function in Blood of Men with Prostate Adenocarcinoma (before and after Plastic Orchiectomy)

The changes of blood erythrocytes transport function in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma have been studied according to alterations in Na+/K+-ATP-ase activity and permeability of Na+ and K+ ions, before and after the plastic orchiectomy. The results of the study revealed that activity of Na+/K+-ATP-ase was increased compared with the data before the orchiectomy, but this parameter was reduced compared with control group. The increased amounts of the Na+ as well as K+ ions were also observed in the extracellular area compared with the same data before the orchiectomy. The amount of cholesterol, after plastic orchiectomy, was reduced compared with the data gained before orchiectomy, but the data were greater than those of the control group. It may be presumed that one of the reasons for change of Na+/K+-ATP-ase activity is variation of cholesterol content in erythrocyte membrane. Changes of the active transport system, in turn, affect the transport function of the erythrocyte membrane. In spite of surgical intervention, full recovery of patients does not take place after the plastic orchiectomy. Comparative normalization and approaching to the control group of the given indices in post-operation period (~6 months after surgery) indicate strengthening of the immune system and correspondingly—protective abilities of an organism, which was proved by the anamneses of patients.