Since coastal areas have highly dynamic nature and are one of the most beneficial regions of civilizations,it is of great significance to understand their characteristics and behavior.Changes in shorelines in the form...Since coastal areas have highly dynamic nature and are one of the most beneficial regions of civilizations,it is of great significance to understand their characteristics and behavior.Changes in shorelines in the form of accretion and erosion can leave devastating effects on businesses and cities located along the shore.In this study,we statistically calculated the tendency of shoreline changes by processing and analyzing historical satellite images of Boushehr Province,Iran.Results show that these shores have experienced both sedimentation and erosion in the past 30 years.Net shoreline movement presents more than 350 m of erosion and 650 m of accretion,which are corresponded to change rates of almost 12 and 22 m/a,respectively.Statistics of shoreline changes are calculated from regression methods including end point rate,linear regression rate,weighted linear regression,and least median of squares.The best-performed method is applied to predict the shoreline position in 2050 and 2100.Potential locations of excessive changes are identified for the predicted shorelines,which should be dealt with properly.展开更多
Abstract The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Outbreak 2019 (COVID-19) has caused worldwide concern and has affected all aspects of human life. The study objective is to assess and evaluate the direct and...Abstract The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Outbreak 2019 (COVID-19) has caused worldwide concern and has affected all aspects of human life. The study objective is to assess and evaluate the direct and indirect positive and negative environmental effects of COVID-19 in urban areas. Collected data for Iran as a case study is presented, comprehensively completing the dynamic effect of COVID-19 on the environment. The analysis results indicate that despite the temporarily positive effects of coronavirus on the environment, such as improvement in air quality (15% - 20% reduction of NO2 in Tehran), environmental noise reduction, cleaner beach and coastal areas due to implementing lockdowns, there are negative short- and long-term effects such as excessive water consumption (10% - 40% increase in Iranian cities), reduce in waste recycling and significant increase in both residential and medical solid waste generation (10% - 77% increase in medical waste generation and 10% - 50% increase residential waste generation in Iranian cities), which leads to pollution or/and degradation of the environment (air, water and land). Moreover, with the global economic relaunching relaunch in most countries in the coming months, it could result in adverse effects such as increase in the greenhouse gas emissions. Assessment of environmental impacts, type and scale, could help for better planning and mitigation of the future pandemics.展开更多
文摘Since coastal areas have highly dynamic nature and are one of the most beneficial regions of civilizations,it is of great significance to understand their characteristics and behavior.Changes in shorelines in the form of accretion and erosion can leave devastating effects on businesses and cities located along the shore.In this study,we statistically calculated the tendency of shoreline changes by processing and analyzing historical satellite images of Boushehr Province,Iran.Results show that these shores have experienced both sedimentation and erosion in the past 30 years.Net shoreline movement presents more than 350 m of erosion and 650 m of accretion,which are corresponded to change rates of almost 12 and 22 m/a,respectively.Statistics of shoreline changes are calculated from regression methods including end point rate,linear regression rate,weighted linear regression,and least median of squares.The best-performed method is applied to predict the shoreline position in 2050 and 2100.Potential locations of excessive changes are identified for the predicted shorelines,which should be dealt with properly.
文摘Abstract The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Outbreak 2019 (COVID-19) has caused worldwide concern and has affected all aspects of human life. The study objective is to assess and evaluate the direct and indirect positive and negative environmental effects of COVID-19 in urban areas. Collected data for Iran as a case study is presented, comprehensively completing the dynamic effect of COVID-19 on the environment. The analysis results indicate that despite the temporarily positive effects of coronavirus on the environment, such as improvement in air quality (15% - 20% reduction of NO2 in Tehran), environmental noise reduction, cleaner beach and coastal areas due to implementing lockdowns, there are negative short- and long-term effects such as excessive water consumption (10% - 40% increase in Iranian cities), reduce in waste recycling and significant increase in both residential and medical solid waste generation (10% - 77% increase in medical waste generation and 10% - 50% increase residential waste generation in Iranian cities), which leads to pollution or/and degradation of the environment (air, water and land). Moreover, with the global economic relaunching relaunch in most countries in the coming months, it could result in adverse effects such as increase in the greenhouse gas emissions. Assessment of environmental impacts, type and scale, could help for better planning and mitigation of the future pandemics.
