Keratoconus is a progressive corneal thinning,ectatic condition,which affects vision.Recent advances in corneal topography measurements has helped advance proper diagnosis of this condition and increased research and ...Keratoconus is a progressive corneal thinning,ectatic condition,which affects vision.Recent advances in corneal topography measurements has helped advance proper diagnosis of this condition and increased research and clinical interests in the disease etiopathogenesis.Considerable progress has been achieved in understanding the progression of the disease and tear fluid has played a major role in the progress.This review discusses the importance of tear fluid as a source of biomarker for keratoconus and how advances in technology have helped map the complexity of tears and thereby molecular readouts of the disease.Expanding knowledge of the tear proteome,lipidome and metabolome opened up new avenues to study keratoconus and to identify probable prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers for the disease.A multidimensional approach of analyzing tear fluid of patients layering on proteomics,lipidomics and metabolomics is necessary in effectively decoding keratoconus and thereby identifying targets for its treatment.展开更多
Background:Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a range of systemic diseases including ocular disorders.The objective of this study is to measure tear vitamin D levels and investigate the correlation between serum ...Background:Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a range of systemic diseases including ocular disorders.The objective of this study is to measure tear vitamin D levels and investigate the correlation between serum and tear vitamin D levels.Methods:A total of 48 healthy volunteers without any systemic and ocular disease were recruited for this observational cohort study.Serum was collected using clot activator coated Vacutainer®Plus tubes.Tear fluid was collected using Schirmer’s strips.Serum and tear total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by competitive chemiluminescent ELISA and the correlation between the levels were studied.Results:The measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level ranged between 3.3 and 27.5 ng/ml(Mean±SEM,9.4±0.7 ng/ml;Median 8.4 ng/ml).Significantly(p<0.0001)higher level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was detected in the tears(Mean±SEM,17.0±1.6 ng/ml;Range 3.2–45.8 ng/ml;Median,16.3 ng/ml)compared to serum.An average of~2 fold(Mean±SEM,1.9±0.2;Range 0.4–5.8;Median,1.7)higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D was observed in tears compared to serum in the subjects.In addition,a positive correlation was observed between serum and tear 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels(r=0.5595;p<0.0001).Conclusions:A higher level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was observed in the tear fluid compared to that of the serum.It would be beneficial to consider tear vitamin D levels to study its role with reference to ocular surface diseases.展开更多
文摘Keratoconus is a progressive corneal thinning,ectatic condition,which affects vision.Recent advances in corneal topography measurements has helped advance proper diagnosis of this condition and increased research and clinical interests in the disease etiopathogenesis.Considerable progress has been achieved in understanding the progression of the disease and tear fluid has played a major role in the progress.This review discusses the importance of tear fluid as a source of biomarker for keratoconus and how advances in technology have helped map the complexity of tears and thereby molecular readouts of the disease.Expanding knowledge of the tear proteome,lipidome and metabolome opened up new avenues to study keratoconus and to identify probable prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers for the disease.A multidimensional approach of analyzing tear fluid of patients layering on proteomics,lipidomics and metabolomics is necessary in effectively decoding keratoconus and thereby identifying targets for its treatment.
基金The study was supported by the Narayana Nethralaya Foundation,Bangalore,India.
文摘Background:Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a range of systemic diseases including ocular disorders.The objective of this study is to measure tear vitamin D levels and investigate the correlation between serum and tear vitamin D levels.Methods:A total of 48 healthy volunteers without any systemic and ocular disease were recruited for this observational cohort study.Serum was collected using clot activator coated Vacutainer®Plus tubes.Tear fluid was collected using Schirmer’s strips.Serum and tear total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by competitive chemiluminescent ELISA and the correlation between the levels were studied.Results:The measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level ranged between 3.3 and 27.5 ng/ml(Mean±SEM,9.4±0.7 ng/ml;Median 8.4 ng/ml).Significantly(p<0.0001)higher level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was detected in the tears(Mean±SEM,17.0±1.6 ng/ml;Range 3.2–45.8 ng/ml;Median,16.3 ng/ml)compared to serum.An average of~2 fold(Mean±SEM,1.9±0.2;Range 0.4–5.8;Median,1.7)higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D was observed in tears compared to serum in the subjects.In addition,a positive correlation was observed between serum and tear 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels(r=0.5595;p<0.0001).Conclusions:A higher level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was observed in the tear fluid compared to that of the serum.It would be beneficial to consider tear vitamin D levels to study its role with reference to ocular surface diseases.
