The concept of low-dose radiation(LDR)-induced hormetic responses was initially observed approximately 70 years ago and systematically reviewed along with the discovery of LDR-induced adaptive responses in a cytogenet...The concept of low-dose radiation(LDR)-induced hormetic responses was initially observed approximately 70 years ago and systematically reviewed along with the discovery of LDR-induced adaptive responses in a cytogenetic in vitro study in 1980s.By the end of the 1990s,discussions regarding the potential applications of LDRinduced hormesis and adaptive responses for preventing or treating chronic diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)had taken place.Until 2016,reports on radiotherapy for the subjects with AD and for genetic AD model mice were published.Subsequently,several preclinical studies with animal models of AD and clinical studies in AD subjects were conducted.A significant milestone was achieved with the online availability of a new Systematic Review based on qualified publications from these preclinical and clinical studies.This mini-review provides a concise historical introduction to LDR-induced hormesis and adaptive responses with discussion of AD radiotherapy with either LDR or relatively high dose radiation.Highlights of this Systematic Review cover promising outcomes,challenges,and new questions,followed by discussion of potential mechanisms.展开更多
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative pathogen of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),has caused more than 179 million infections and 3.8 million deaths worldwide.Global health a...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative pathogen of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),has caused more than 179 million infections and 3.8 million deaths worldwide.Global health authorities working on the COVID-19 outbreak continue to explore methods to reduce the rate of its transmission to healthy individuals.Treatment protocols thus far have focused on social distancing and masking,treatment with antivirals early in infection,and steroids to reduce the inflammatory response.An alternative approach is therapy with low dose radiation(LDR),which has several advantages compared to the current drugs and medicines.To date more than 10 case reports and pilot clinical trial preliminary outcome are available from different countries.These reports cover a wide range of patient conditions and LDR treatment strategies.Although one report showed the failure to observe the improvement of COVID-19 patients after LDR therapy,the majority showed some clinical improvement,and demonstrated the safety of LDR for COVID-19 patients,particularly with 0.5 Gy.This review aims to summarize the potential rationales and mechanisms of LDR therapy for COVID-19 patients,and its current clinical status and potential use.展开更多
基金supported in part by the grant from the Na-tional Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,USA(P30ES030283 to LC).
文摘The concept of low-dose radiation(LDR)-induced hormetic responses was initially observed approximately 70 years ago and systematically reviewed along with the discovery of LDR-induced adaptive responses in a cytogenetic in vitro study in 1980s.By the end of the 1990s,discussions regarding the potential applications of LDRinduced hormesis and adaptive responses for preventing or treating chronic diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)had taken place.Until 2016,reports on radiotherapy for the subjects with AD and for genetic AD model mice were published.Subsequently,several preclinical studies with animal models of AD and clinical studies in AD subjects were conducted.A significant milestone was achieved with the online availability of a new Systematic Review based on qualified publications from these preclinical and clinical studies.This mini-review provides a concise historical introduction to LDR-induced hormesis and adaptive responses with discussion of AD radiotherapy with either LDR or relatively high dose radiation.Highlights of this Systematic Review cover promising outcomes,challenges,and new questions,followed by discussion of potential mechanisms.
文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative pathogen of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),has caused more than 179 million infections and 3.8 million deaths worldwide.Global health authorities working on the COVID-19 outbreak continue to explore methods to reduce the rate of its transmission to healthy individuals.Treatment protocols thus far have focused on social distancing and masking,treatment with antivirals early in infection,and steroids to reduce the inflammatory response.An alternative approach is therapy with low dose radiation(LDR),which has several advantages compared to the current drugs and medicines.To date more than 10 case reports and pilot clinical trial preliminary outcome are available from different countries.These reports cover a wide range of patient conditions and LDR treatment strategies.Although one report showed the failure to observe the improvement of COVID-19 patients after LDR therapy,the majority showed some clinical improvement,and demonstrated the safety of LDR for COVID-19 patients,particularly with 0.5 Gy.This review aims to summarize the potential rationales and mechanisms of LDR therapy for COVID-19 patients,and its current clinical status and potential use.
