Increased environmental pollution due to the organic wastes over the world is one of the most burning issues.These organic wastes lie under the category of biodegradable waste and can be effectively degraded from thei...Increased environmental pollution due to the organic wastes over the world is one of the most burning issues.These organic wastes lie under the category of biodegradable waste and can be effectively degraded from their complex compound into simple one by the action of microbes or other living organisms.Moreover,lignocellulosic biomass is a major part of the biodegradable waste and belongs to the group of renewable energy source,which can be very effective for bioenergy production.Biomasses are made up of different compounds such as cellulose,hemicelluloses,lignin and protein.Apart from these components,based on the structural analysis biomass also consist of bioactive substances such as carotenoids,flavonoids,lignin and antioxidants.This review explores a complete overview of the classification,component and the structure of the biomass.Moreover,it discusses how biomasses can play the key role of substrate in many sectors such as industrial bioenergy production including gaseous and liquid biofuels.展开更多
Japanese Encephalitis(JE)is a zoonotic mosquito-borne viral disease that primarily affects young children under the age of 15[1].Annually,there are more than 50000 clinical cases and JE causes over 10000 fatalities gl...Japanese Encephalitis(JE)is a zoonotic mosquito-borne viral disease that primarily affects young children under the age of 15[1].Annually,there are more than 50000 clinical cases and JE causes over 10000 fatalities globally[1].In Japan,South Korea,China and Thailand,where it is now under control or almost entirely eradicated,the disease was initially noted to have a high incidence[1].Later,it expanded to Nepal and India,becoming a serious public health issue in rural regions[1].JE is a flavivirus-based neglected tropical disease that is spread by culicine mosquitoes of the Culex(Cx.)tritaeniorhynchus and Cx.vishnui species[2].展开更多
Japanese encephalitis(JE),one of the major viral encephalitides,is caused by Flavivirus circulating in rural areas of Asia and Western Pacific regions[1]and is a neglected tropical viral disease due to its endemicity[...Japanese encephalitis(JE),one of the major viral encephalitides,is caused by Flavivirus circulating in rural areas of Asia and Western Pacific regions[1]and is a neglected tropical viral disease due to its endemicity[2].The culicine mosquitoes,mainly of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex vishnui group,are the vectors of JE virus(JEV)[1].Being a neurologic infection,JE manifests with a set of serious symptoms leading to death in many cases and/or change in behaviour of the patients leading to permanent disability[3].展开更多
文摘Increased environmental pollution due to the organic wastes over the world is one of the most burning issues.These organic wastes lie under the category of biodegradable waste and can be effectively degraded from their complex compound into simple one by the action of microbes or other living organisms.Moreover,lignocellulosic biomass is a major part of the biodegradable waste and belongs to the group of renewable energy source,which can be very effective for bioenergy production.Biomasses are made up of different compounds such as cellulose,hemicelluloses,lignin and protein.Apart from these components,based on the structural analysis biomass also consist of bioactive substances such as carotenoids,flavonoids,lignin and antioxidants.This review explores a complete overview of the classification,component and the structure of the biomass.Moreover,it discusses how biomasses can play the key role of substrate in many sectors such as industrial bioenergy production including gaseous and liquid biofuels.
文摘Japanese Encephalitis(JE)is a zoonotic mosquito-borne viral disease that primarily affects young children under the age of 15[1].Annually,there are more than 50000 clinical cases and JE causes over 10000 fatalities globally[1].In Japan,South Korea,China and Thailand,where it is now under control or almost entirely eradicated,the disease was initially noted to have a high incidence[1].Later,it expanded to Nepal and India,becoming a serious public health issue in rural regions[1].JE is a flavivirus-based neglected tropical disease that is spread by culicine mosquitoes of the Culex(Cx.)tritaeniorhynchus and Cx.vishnui species[2].
文摘Japanese encephalitis(JE),one of the major viral encephalitides,is caused by Flavivirus circulating in rural areas of Asia and Western Pacific regions[1]and is a neglected tropical viral disease due to its endemicity[2].The culicine mosquitoes,mainly of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex vishnui group,are the vectors of JE virus(JEV)[1].Being a neurologic infection,JE manifests with a set of serious symptoms leading to death in many cases and/or change in behaviour of the patients leading to permanent disability[3].
