How should congenital absence of cruciate ligaments be treated? A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Hypoplasia of bilateral cruciate ligaments is a rare congenital malformation.The diagnosis of such diseases and indications for the various treatment options require further analysis and discussion.CASE SUMMARY The patient is a 26-year-old Chinese woman who has been suffering from knee pain since the age of 8 years,2-3 episodes a year.Three years ago,due to the practice of advanced yoga poses,the frequency of left knee pain increased,requiring prompt medical treatment.Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an absence of both anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments of both knees with abnormal posterior tilting of the tibial plateau.Bilateral subluxation of the knee joint was also found,therefore tibial osteotomy was performed.The patient reported at the 24 mo follow-up that the frequency of pain and instability had been reduced and function restored.CONCLUSION Osteotomy may be an effective method to treat patients with congenital cruciate ligament deficiency with posterior tibial plateau tilting.The diagnosis of congenital cruciate ligament deficiency shall be based on the combination of patient’s medical history,clinical manifestations,and findings from imaging to avoid possible misdiagnosis.Based on the symptoms,frequency of attacks,and intent of the individual,appropriate treatment options shall be identified.

Research on the Revitalization of Rural Talents under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

Since the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,it has provided multiple assistance for the development of the vast number of villages in China.Talents are the key to the revitalization and development of the countryside.Only when a large number of high-quality talents take root in the countryside and help the rural construction in different fields can we give full play to the role of talents in promoting rural development.This paper takes the rural areas of China as the research object,analyzes the current situation of the development of rural talents,discusses the problems existing in the development of rural human resources,and puts forward effective measures for the revitalization of rural talents,to provide a solid theoretical basis for the better development of the countryside.

Mo-doped CoP nanoparticles anchored on porous Co-N-C framework as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for pH-universal water splitting

Designing highly active and stable noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for water splitting over a wide pH range is critical yet remains significantly challenging.In this work,Mo-doped CoP nanoparticles(Mo-CoP)supported and enwrapped by porous single-atomic-Co doped carbon framework(Co-N-C)were designed and prepared by a simple one-pot pyrolysis method.The Mo-CoP/Co-N-C electrocatalyst exhibits superior performance with low overpotentials of only 45 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and 201 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in 1 M KOH at 10 mA cm^(-2)current density.Such excellent catalytic activity can be ascribed to enhanced intrinsic activity,large surface area,and highly exposed active sites.Meanwhile,an extremely small overpotential of only 250 mV is required for a large current density of 500 mA cm^(-2)in HER,which exceeds the performance of benchmark 10%Pt/C.Besides,Mo-CoP/Co-N-C also exhibits superior HER performance in acidic and neutral mediums,with overpotentials of only 41 and 98 mV in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4),and 1 M PBS,respectively,thus achieving efficient water splitting at a wide pH range.The long-term stabilities are guaranteed with no significant decline of catalytic activities for more than 24 h in all electrolytes,which can be ascribed to the carbon layer encapsulation structure.Addition-ally,in overall water splitting,the electrocatalytic cell consisting of the as-synthesized Mo-CoP/Co-N-C only requires a cell voltage of 1.611 V at 100 mA cm^(-2)with excellent stability,exceeding that of the benchmark Pt/C||RuO(2) couple(1.645 V at 100 mA cm^(-2)).This work not only presents a highly efficient electrocatalyst for pH-universal water splitting but also provides a new perspective for the design and construction of transition metal catalysts with excellent stability.

Amorphous Sn modified nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets with rapid capacitive mechanism for highcapacity and fast-charging lithium-ion batteries

Sn-based materials are considered as a kind of potential anode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to their high theoretical capacity.However,their use is limited by large volume expansion deriving from the lithiation/delithiation process.In this work,amorphous Sn modified nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets(ASnNPCNs)are obtained.The synergistic effect of amorphous Sn and high edge-nitrogendoped level porous carbon nanosheets provides ASn-NPCNs with multiple advantages containing abundant defect sites,high specific surface area(214.9 m^(2)·g^(−1)),and rich hierarchical pores,which can promote the lithium-ion storage.Serving as the LIB anode,the as-prepared ASn-NPCNs-750 electrode exhibits an ultrahigh capacity of 1643 mAh·g^(−1) at 0.1 A·g^(−1),ultrafast rate performance of 490 mAh·g^(−1) at 10 A·g^(−1),and superior long-term cycling performance of 988 mAh·g^(−1) at 1 A·g^(−1) after 2000 cycles with a capacity retention of 98.9%.Furthermore,the in-depth electrochemical kinetic test confirms that the ultrahigh-capacity and fast-charging performance of the ASn-NPCNs750 electrode is ascribed to the rapid capacitive mechanism.These impressive results indicate that ASn-NPCNs-750 can be a potential anode material for high-capacity and fast-charging LIBs.

Bifunctional Mo-doped FeCo–Se aerogels catalysts with excellent OER and ORR activities for electro-Fenton process

Antibiotic pollution in aqueous solutions seriously endangers the natural environment and public health.In this work,Mo-doped transition metal FeCo–Se metal aerogels(MAs)were investigated as bifunctional catalysts for the removal of sulfamethazine(SMT)in solution.The optimal Mo_(0.3)Fe_(1)Co_(3)–Se catalyst can remove 97.7% of SMT within 60 min(SMT content:10 mg/L,current intensity:10 mA/cm 2).The unique porous cross-linked structure of aerogel confered the catalyst sufficient active sites and efficient mass transfer channels.For the anode,Mo_(0.3)Fe_(1)Co_(3)–Se MAs exhibits superior oxygen evolution reaction(OER)property,with an overpotential of only 235 mV(10 mA/cm 2).Compared with Fe_(1)Co_(3) MAs or Mo_(0.3)Fe_(1)Co_(3) MAs,density functional theory(DFT)demonstrated that the better catalytic capacity of Mo_(0.3)Fe_(1)Co_(3)–Se MAs is attributed to the doping of Mo species and selenization lowers the energy barrier for the*OOH to O_(2) step in the OER process.Excellent OER perfor-mance ensures the self-oxygenation in this system,avoiding the addition of air or oxygen in the traditional electro-Fenton process.For the cathode,Mo doping can lead to the lattice contraction and metallic character of CoSe_(2),which is beneficial to accelerate electron transfer.The adjacent Co active sites effectively adsorb*OOH and inhibit the breakage of the O–O bond.Rotating ring disk electrode(RRDE)test indicated that Mo_(0.3)Fe_(1)Co_(3)–Se MAs has an excellent 2e^(-)ORR activity with H_(2)O_(2) selectivity up to 88%,and the generated H_(2)O_(2) is activated by the adjacent Fe site through heterogeneous Fenton process to generate⋅OH.

氨气吸附材料的研究进展

氨是一种典型的有毒有害气态碱性污染物,也是PM2.5二次颗粒物的主要成因之一,大量含氨尾气排放不仅严重影响人类健康和生活环境,还会造成氨资源浪费。本工作综述了近年来多孔材料用于氨气吸附分离的研究现状和进展,重点论述了沸石、硅胶、活性炭、氧化石墨烯、多孔有机聚合物、共价有机骨架和金属-有机骨架材料改性前后对氨气的吸附性能,总结了吸附材料的改性方法,分析了该领域发展面临的主要问题,对未来的研究方向提出了建议。

Rational design of hierarchically porous Fe-N-doped carbon as efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and Zn-air batteries

The rational design and construction of hierarchically porous nanostructure for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is crucial to facilitate the exposure of accessible active sites and promote the mass/electron transfer under the gas-solid-liquid triple-phase condition. Herein, an ingenious method through the pyrolysis of creative polyvinylimidazole coordination with Zn/Fe salt precursors is developed to fabricate hierarchically porous Fe-N-doped carbon framework as efficient ORR electrocatalyst. The volatilization of Zn species combined with the nanoscale Kirkendall effect of Fe dopants during the pyrolysis build the hierarchical micro-, meso-, and macroporous nanostructure with a high specific surface area (1,586 m^(2)·g^(−1)), which provide sufficient exposed active sites and multiscale mass/charge transport channels. The optimized electrocatalyst exhibits superior ORR activity and robust stability in both alkaline and acidic electrolytes. The Zn-air battery fabricated by such attractive electrocatalyst as air cathode displays a higher peak power density than that of Pt/C-based Zn-air battery, suggesting the great potential of this electrocatalyst for Zn-air batteries.

Conductive photo-thermal responsive bifunctional hydrogel system with self-actuating and self-monitoring abilities

Despite enormous efforts in actuators,most researches are only limited to various actuation behaviors and demonstrations of soft materials.It has not yet been reported to capture and monitor its movement status in an invisible environment.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a self-sensing and self-actuating dual-function hydrogel actuator system to realize real-time monitoring.Here,we report a bifunctional hydrogel system with self-actuating and self-monitoring abilities,which combines the functions of photothermal actuation and electrical resistance sensing into a single material.The bilayer tough conductive hydrogel synthesized by unconventional complementary concentration recombination and cryogenic freezing technique presents a dense conductive network and high-porosity structure,achieving high toughness at 190.3 kPa of tensile strength,high stretchability(164.3%strain),and the toughness dramatically(1,471.4 kJ·m^(−3)).The working mechanism of the monitoring and self-sensing system is accomplished through the integrated monitoring device of surface temperature–bending angle–electron current,to solve the problem of not apperceiving actuator motion state when encountering obstacles in an invisible environment.We demonstrated for the first time a photothermal actuator’s motion of a football player and goalkeeper to finish the penalty and a soft actuator hand,which can achieve the action of sticking to grab and release under photo-thermal actuation.When connected to the control closed circuit,the actuator realized closed-loop monitoring and sensing feedback.The development of bifunctional hydrogel systems may bring new opportunities and ideas in the fields of material science,circuit technology,sensors,and mechanical engineering.

Bimetal-organic framework-derived carbon nanocubes with 3D hierarchical pores as highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts for microbial fuel cells

Noble metal-free and highly efficient electrocatalytic materials with hierarchically porous structures continue to be studied for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) in microbial fuel cells(MFCs). We report bimetal-organic framework(bi-MOF)-derived nanocubic Swiss cheese-like carbons with a novel three-dimensional hierarchically porous structure(3D Co-N-C) prepared by utilizing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) as a structure-directing agent to control the formation of a nanocubic skeleton, and silica spheres as a template to form a mesoporous structure. The elemental composition and chemical morphology of this material can be tuned through the Zn/Co ratio to optimize its ORR catalytic activity. The optimized 3D Co-N-C displays excellent ORR catalytic performance(half-wave potential as high as 0.754 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode and diffusion-limiting current density of 5.576 mA cm^(-2)) in 0.01 mol L^(-1) phosphate-buffered saline(PBS electrolyte),showing it can compete with the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C catalysts. The catalytic capability and long-term durability of 3D Co-N-C as an air-filled cathode electrocatalyst in an MFC device are tested, showing that the 3D CoNC-MFC can reach a high power density of 1257 mW m^(-2) and provide a competitive voltage during a periodic feeding operation for 192 h;these values are much higher than those of the Pt/C-MFC.