Piglet Diarrhea and Technology Transfers to Prevent E. coli Infection at Small-Holder Pig Farms in Binh Dinh, Vietnam

The study aims at finding alternative interventions for the prevention ofE. coli infection in piglets so as to boost farmers＇ benefits and improve environment in the area. Data were collected from one experimental group consisting of 210 small pig holder farms and one control group of 70 farms. All of 280 litters and sows were analyzed and the techniques of early vaccination at 60-80 d of pregnant （time 1） were applied and repeated after 10 d with E. coli vaccine to produce antibodies through milk. The percentage of piglets with diarrhea caused by E. coli significantly decreased from 75.7% to 18.9%. Injection of E. coli vaccine for the pregnant sows created antibodies for young piglets through colostrums. The treatment of E. coli cost 45,420 Vietnam Dong （VND） per litter in the experimental group and that was 156,000 VND/litter in the control group. Use of betel-bokashi （bio-product as plant antibiotics and Lactobacillus） to treat piglet diarrhea was proved safe and effective. Litter size and average weight at birth and weaning were improved significantly （P 〈 0.05）. The average weaned weight of piglets and sows were 11.2 kg and 118.6 kg in the experimental group, compared to 9.4 kg and 89.9 kg in the control group, respectively. Piglets in the experimental group had good health, no diarrhea and a shorter weaning time （2 d） and mating interval 2.22 days earlier than those in the control group. The average profit of 210 households was significantly higher in the experiment group： feed-cost was much lower than that in the control group. Small-holder farms implementing the experiments of applying the techniques received more financial profit, which was 1,502,000 VND per year per sow, while those who did not apply the techniques gained only 223,000 VND per year per sow.

Biological Resources for Development of Aquaculture in Thi Nai Lagoon,Vietnam

The diversity of aquatic resources in Thi Nai Lagoon decreased due to the lack of harmonious use and integrated long-term planning on the use of living resources.There remained a lack of mechanisms and regulations for coordination of activities in the lagoon by Binh Dinh Provincial People’s Committee(PPC).The aim of the study was to investgate the aquatic species and water quality in Thi Nai Lagoon,Vietnam.Data were collected at 23 different points on Thi Nai Lagoon,with three replicates at each point.There were 106 species of fish presented on the lagoon and in different sizes,including 17 mollusc species and 15 crustaceans species.In the dry season,there were 167 phytoplankton species in five divisions,10 classes in 39 orders in 59 families including 77 genus.Zooplankton had eight chordata in 10 classes of 18 orders including 44 families,64 genus and 102 species.Arthropoda had the largest number of species,78 species,accounting for 76.5%of total species.In the rainy season,only 48 species of Arthropoda,Cnidaria,Annelida,Chaetognatha and Rotifer were affected and some were not encountered in the wet season,such as mollusca and chordata.While water quality variables were still good for aquaculture,within permitted limits of TCVN standard and criteria,there were still problems caused by production discharges and living activities of inhabitants around the lagoon,such as sedimentary matters.

Effects of Bio-probiotic Betel Bokashi on Raising Pigs and Preventing Diarrhea in Young Piglets in Central Vietnam

Infection of Escherichia coli in piglets is identified as one of major problems in pig husbandry.Data were collected from different experiments conducted at farm levels and results showed that the percentage of piglets infected with E.coli was very high.E.coli infected healthy piglets were up to 48.9%and E.coli infected diarrhea piglets accounted for 88.3%.Using Betel Bokashi and antibiotics in treatment brings about different results.Out of 48 infected piglets,15 piglets were selected for three groups treatment with five each group.Results showed that 92.3%diarrhea piglets treated with Betel Bokashi recovered in 3.85 d,while 100%and 88.23%treated with antibiotics were cured in 4 d and 4.01 d,respectively.Post-treatment piglets in group 3 grew up faster than group 1 and group 2,with gains 231,218 and 212 g,respectively.

Study on Reproductive Performance of Terapon jarbua(Forsskal,1775)in Tam Giang-Cau Hai Lagoon Systems,Thua Thien Hue Province

Terapon jarbua was collected from Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon systems and then their reproductive performances were investigated.Total 342 species were caught by otter trawlers and different fishing gears in marine and Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon systems on certain days of each month during period from September 2015 to August 2016 at fishing port.The determination of age was based on composition of the fish:ear,scaly,spine,gill cover and spine and the ovarian histology template.The gonads after being fixed with Bouins solution were cleansed,cut,dyed and put on the observation microscope.Results showed that the sex of Terapon jarbua was nearly clarified at the approximately 1+age group and participated in reproduction process in the first time at the 1+age group.The batch and relative fecundity of Terapon jarbua were high.The batch fecundity of Terapon jarbua varied from 239,029 to 420,400 eggs.The relative fecundity capacity fluctuated from 945 to 1,013 of eggs per gram of fish and the mean value by 981 eggs per gram of fish.The spawning season of fish occurred from March to May annually.