Intentional introduction of Artemia sinica(Anostraca) in the high-altitude Tibetan lake Dangxiong Co:the new population and consequences for the environment and for humans

The imbalance between supply and demand of Artemia cysts in China and around the world is increasing now.Salt lakes in Tibet may contribute to the solution of the problem.In Northern Tibet there are 26 saline lakes whose salinity and temperature may support Artemia survival at an altitude of 4 000–5 100 m.We found Artemia in 15 of these lakes.The saline lakes with Artemia populations mainly belong to the shallow basin lakes,and the majority of these lakes are small in area.The total area of lakes without Artemia is more than 1 000 km 2.Lake Dangxiong Co(Co means lake in Tibet) was chosen for the intentional introduction of Artemia sinica.In 2004,850 g of A.sinica cysts,originating from Qinghai,were introduced in the lake.Surveys in 2006–2014 showed that the average abundance of Artemia adults in the lake gradually increased from 20 ind./m 3 in 2006 to 1950 ind./m 3 in 2013.We assume that two subpopulations of A.sinica,separated by depth,may exist in the lake.The new Artemia population caused an increase in the number of species of phytoplankton and heterotrophic protozoa with a decrease of their total abundance.Water transparency also increased.Dominance in phytoplankton passed from cyanobacteria to diatoms.Changes occurred not only in the lake ecosystem;the number of water birds using the lakes also dramatically increased.Preliminary calculations showed that is it possible to harvest at least about 150 t cysts per year from the lake as well as 3.2 thousand tons of frozen or 350 t of dried biomass of adult Artemia.

Resting Stages of Crustaceans in the Crimean Hypersaline Lakes(Ukraine) and Their Ecological Role

1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the"sleeping"state(Radzikowski,2013).Bank of resting stages of planktonic organisms is an important component of the plankton community,without which we cannot understand community dynamics(Brendonck and De Meester,2003).

Past,present and future of saline lakes:research for global sustainable development

The 12 th International Conference on Salt Lake Research was held in Langfang City,China from July 14 to 18,2014.Fifteen manuscripts of presentations have been retained for publication in this special issue.They are very diverse,covering the biology,physics,chemistry and geology of salt lakes,the history of hydrological research on the Dead Sea,the effects of socioeconomic and environmental policies by stakeholders on human populations,and the increasing salinization of freshwater lakes around the world.

A watershed-based adaptive knowledge system for developing ecosystem stakeholder partnerships

This study proposes a Watershed-based Adaptive Knowledge System(WAKES) to consistently coordinate multiple stakeholders in developing sustainable partnerships for ecosystem management.WAKES is extended from the institutional mechanism of Payments for Improving Ecosystem Services at the Watershed-scale(PIES-W).PIES-W is designed relating to the governance of ecosystem services flows focused on a lake as a resource stock connecting its inflowing and outflowing rivers within its watershed.It explicitly realizes the values of conservation services provided by private land managers and incorporates their activities into the public organizing framework for ecosystem management.It implicitly extends the "upstream-to-downstream" organizing perspective to a broader vision of viewing the ecosystems as comprised of both "watershed landscapes" and "marine landscapes".Extended from PIES-W,WAKES specifies two corresponding feedback:Framework I and II.Framework I is a relationship matrix comprised of three input-output structures of primary governance factors intersecting three subsystems of a watershed with regard to ecosystem services and human stakeholders.Framework II is the Stakeholder-and-Information structure channeling five types of information among four stakeholder groups in order to enable the feedbacks mechanism of Framework I.WAKES identifies the rationales behind three fundamental information transformations,illustrated with the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and the Strategic Action Program of the Bermejo River Binational Basin.These include(1) translating scientific knowledge into public information within the Function-and-Service structure corresponding to the ecological subsystem,(2) incorporating public perceptions into political will within the Serviceand-Value structure corresponding to the economic subsystem,and(3) integrating scientific knowledge,public perceptions and political will into management options within the Value-and-Stakeholder structure corresponding to the social subsystem.This study seeks to share a vision of social adaptation for a global sustainable future through developing a network to adopt contributions from and forming partnerships among all ecosystem stakeholders.

Alternative States of Saline Lake Ecosystems and Development of Salinology

Modern hydrobiology,mainly,is based on conception,which may be named Conception of unicity of ecosystem stable state(CUESS):Mature ecosystems are stable and in dynamic equilibrium.Ecosystem state fluctuates around

Results of an Intentional Introduction of Artemia sinica in the High-Altitude Tibetan Lake Dangxiong Co:On a Base of Surveys in 2011 and 2013

1 Introduction The human population is projected to reach 9200million by 2050.A fundamental question for science is whether it is possible to increase food production to meet the demands of a human population of that magnitude.It’s possible only to increase an aquaculture production.Cultivation of fish/shrimp larvae is a bottleneck in a cultivation of the different organisms.Live food

Acartia tonsa(Сopepoda) in the Black and Caspian Seas: Review of its success and some lessons

The variety of aquatic nonindigenous animals in marine habitats worldwide includes more than 16 planktonic Copepoda species.Acartia tonsa is a very successful one,distributed in many seas.Its invasion into European seas was analyzed before(Brylinski,1981),but from that time A.tonsa extended its range in European aquatic habitats.The author describes the history of the A.tonsa invasion into the Ponto-Caspian basin as well as some misleading earlier publications.Morphologic differences between A.clausi and A.tonsa,the neglect of which led to the wrong identification,were examined.The data on A.tonsa and total copepod dynamics in the Sevastopol Bay during the period of 1976~1996 and the same data on the Caspian Sea since 1981 were analyzed.The average size of A.tonsa in new habitats decreased,and its relative density in the Black and Caspian Seas gradually increased.

Prof.Bair Namsaraev 1943–2015

September 5,2015 Prof.Bair Namsaraev,the leader in aquatic microbiology of Siberian lakes,passed away after battle with cancer.He was 72 years old.Bair was born in 1943 in the small village in Southern Siberia in the family of a school teacher.He had 6 brothers and sisters.After school he worked on the collective farm and served in the Soviet Army.In 1965 he entered Moscow State University.After graduating in 1970 Bair started his Ph D work on the hydrogen oxidizing bacteria at the Institute of Microbiology in Moscow.Since 1973 he worked at the Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry of Microorganisms

Long-term Changes in the Saline Lake Qarun(Egypt)

1 Introduction There is now ample evidence of the impacts of the recent climate change and anthropogenic activities on different saline lake ecosystems.All over the world salt lakes are threatened by climate change,water diversions upstream for agricultural purposes,watershed changes,introduction of aliens,etc.that result in catastrophic