Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a important health problem that induces ernestful complications and it causes significant morbidity owing to specific microvascular complications such as, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropat...Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a important health problem that induces ernestful complications and it causes significant morbidity owing to specific microvascular complications such as, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as, ischaemic heart disease, and peripheral vasculopathy. It can affect children, young people and adults and isbecoming more common. Ocular complications associated with DM are progressive and rapidly becoming the world's most significant cause of morbidity and are preventable with early detection and timely treatment. This review provides an overview of five main ocular complications associated with DM, diabetic retinopathy and papillopathy, cataract, glaucoma, and ocular surface diseases.展开更多
AIM: To compare two different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) treatment regimens'-a priori pro re nata(PRN) and PRN regimen following^(th)e loading phaseanatomical and functional results in neov...AIM: To compare two different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) treatment regimens'-a priori pro re nata(PRN) and PRN regimen following^(th)e loading phaseanatomical and functional results in neovascular agerelated macular degeneration(n AMD) patients. METHODS: Totally 544 n AMD patients followed and treated with aflibercept(n=135) and ranibizumab(n=409)at 9 different centers between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled into^(th)is retrospective multicenter study. Patients with initial best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) interval of 1.3-0.3(log MAR) and a minimum follow-up of 12 mo were included. Patients under two different regimens-a priori pro re nata(1+PRN) or 3 consecutive intravitreal injections followed by a PRN regimen(3+PRN)-were compared in BCVA at 3^(th), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months, and in central macular^(th)ickness(CMT) at 6^(th) and 12^(th) months. The total study group, intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR) and intravitreal aflibercept(IVA) groups were evaluated separately. RESULTS: The mean CMT decreased in^(th)e 1+PRN(n=101) regimen from 407 to 358 and 340 μm and in^(th)e 3+PRN(n=443) group from 398 to 318 and finally to 310 μm at months 6 and 12, respectively. Anatomically,^(th)e CMT reduction at 6^(th) month(48.5 vs 76.4;P<0.05) was statistically significant in favor of 3+PRN group. BCVA changed in 1+PRN group from 0.77 to 0.78, 0.75 and 0.75;in 3+PRN group from 0.81 to 0.69, 0.72, and 0.76 at months 3, 6, and 12, respectively. Visual gain was statistically better in 3+PRN group at 3^(th) month(-0.01 vs 0.12;P<0.001). In IVR group, CMT reduction was in greater in 3+PRN at 6^(th)(44 vs 72) and 12^(th) month(61 vs 84), but statistically insignificant. The 3+PRN group revealed statistically better visual results at 3^(th) month(-0.02 vs 0.11, P<0.05). In IVA group, although statistically insignificant, CMT reduction(61 vs 89, 6^(th) month;85 vs 97, 12^(th) month) and visual gain(0.02 vs 0.16;0.02 vs 0.14;0.05 vs 0.11) was found in favor of 3+PRN group at all visits.CONCLUSION: The loading dose of anti-VEGF treatments in n AMD leads to significantly better anatomical and functional results, regardless of the agent, specially in early follow-up interval.展开更多
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a important health problem that induces ernestful complications and it causes significant morbidity owing to specific microvascular complications such as, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as, ischaemic heart disease, and peripheral vasculopathy. It can affect children, young people and adults and isbecoming more common. Ocular complications associated with DM are progressive and rapidly becoming the world's most significant cause of morbidity and are preventable with early detection and timely treatment. This review provides an overview of five main ocular complications associated with DM, diabetic retinopathy and papillopathy, cataract, glaucoma, and ocular surface diseases.
文摘AIM: To compare two different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) treatment regimens'-a priori pro re nata(PRN) and PRN regimen following^(th)e loading phaseanatomical and functional results in neovascular agerelated macular degeneration(n AMD) patients. METHODS: Totally 544 n AMD patients followed and treated with aflibercept(n=135) and ranibizumab(n=409)at 9 different centers between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled into^(th)is retrospective multicenter study. Patients with initial best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) interval of 1.3-0.3(log MAR) and a minimum follow-up of 12 mo were included. Patients under two different regimens-a priori pro re nata(1+PRN) or 3 consecutive intravitreal injections followed by a PRN regimen(3+PRN)-were compared in BCVA at 3^(th), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months, and in central macular^(th)ickness(CMT) at 6^(th) and 12^(th) months. The total study group, intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR) and intravitreal aflibercept(IVA) groups were evaluated separately. RESULTS: The mean CMT decreased in^(th)e 1+PRN(n=101) regimen from 407 to 358 and 340 μm and in^(th)e 3+PRN(n=443) group from 398 to 318 and finally to 310 μm at months 6 and 12, respectively. Anatomically,^(th)e CMT reduction at 6^(th) month(48.5 vs 76.4;P<0.05) was statistically significant in favor of 3+PRN group. BCVA changed in 1+PRN group from 0.77 to 0.78, 0.75 and 0.75;in 3+PRN group from 0.81 to 0.69, 0.72, and 0.76 at months 3, 6, and 12, respectively. Visual gain was statistically better in 3+PRN group at 3^(th) month(-0.01 vs 0.12;P<0.001). In IVR group, CMT reduction was in greater in 3+PRN at 6^(th)(44 vs 72) and 12^(th) month(61 vs 84), but statistically insignificant. The 3+PRN group revealed statistically better visual results at 3^(th) month(-0.02 vs 0.11, P<0.05). In IVA group, although statistically insignificant, CMT reduction(61 vs 89, 6^(th) month;85 vs 97, 12^(th) month) and visual gain(0.02 vs 0.16;0.02 vs 0.14;0.05 vs 0.11) was found in favor of 3+PRN group at all visits.CONCLUSION: The loading dose of anti-VEGF treatments in n AMD leads to significantly better anatomical and functional results, regardless of the agent, specially in early follow-up interval.